用英語說中國旅游華北地區(qū) 06：天壇自然概況1

天壇

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Natural Features

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自然概況

The temple lies at the east of Inside Street Yongdingmen Gate，originally a place to worship Heaven and pray far good harvest.

天壇在北京市崇義區(qū)水定門內大街東側，是明清兩朝皇帝“祭天”‘祈谷”的地方。

Temple of Heaven is unique in architectural achievement It is majestic,sublime,harmonious with the cypress wood ，and grand，inviting a strong sense of lofty and farseeing，in addition to mystique snd affection.

北京天壇代表著中國古代建筑史上特殊的成就。天壇的建筑形體莊重、挺拔，與周圍的道路和大片柏樹林地極為和諧，顯得莊嚴肅穆、倉境幽遠、大氣恢宏，營造出了意在高遠、圖謀存志、顯現(xiàn)神秘、誘發(fā)情感的特殊環(huán)境氛圍。

The total area of the temple is 273 hectares，three times to seven times larger than rorbidden City and near that of Summer palace. Two walls separate the temple into an outer court and an inner court. The north wall is taller and semicircular. while the south wall is Power and rectangular .in accordance with the belief of “round heaven above square earth" and”lofty heaven and humble earth"

天壇占地273公頃，比故宮大3到7倍，略小于頤和園。整個建筑布局呈”回“字形，四周環(huán)筑壇墻兩道，把全壇分為內壇、外壇兩大部分。壇域北端圍墻高大，呈半圓形;南邊的圍墻較低呈方形，寓意”天圓地方“與”天高地低“之說。

The primary buildings of the temple are in the inner part，which is again separated by a wall. In the north of this part is Altar of Prayer for Grain for spring ceremony，with Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest as the center. In the south is the huge Circular Mound Altar for worshipping Heaven on winter solstice. Linking the two parts is Danbi Bridge。also referred to as Haiman Avenue，the axis of the complex sides with large woods of cypress.

天壇的主要建筑集中于內壇。內壇用墻分隔為南北兩部分。北為“祈谷壇”，用于春季祈禱豐年，中心建筑是祈年殿;南為“圜丘壇”，專門用于于“冬至日”祭天，其中心建筑是一個巨大的圓形祭臺，名”圜丘“;天壇正是”祈谷“、”圜丘“兩壇的總稱。兩壇之間以高于地面、長360米的甬道——丹陛橋相連，形成一條南北長1200米的天壇建筑軸線，兩側為大面積的古柏樹林。

Temple of Heaven and in December 1998 is among the first key cultural sites under state protection， the UNESCO inscribed it on World Heritages List.Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest，a marvelous building in the temple，is now one of the symbols of Beijing.

天壇是首批全國重點文物保護單位之一。1998年12月聯(lián)合國教科文組織將其作為世界文化遺產列入《世界遺產名錄》。天壇內的奇妙建筑祈年殿現(xiàn)已成為首都北京的象征性建筑之一。