[初中]全新英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法21-5 There be句型后的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

There be句型是英語(yǔ)中常用的重要句型之一，意為“某處有某物或某人”，句子的結(jié)尾往往帶有地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其中there是引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒(méi)有詞義，be是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，be后的名詞或代詞是句子的主語(yǔ)。

21-5 There be句型后的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

There be句型后有時(shí)可以跟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其形式可以是不定式，也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞，有時(shí)還用過(guò)去分詞。但表達(dá)的意義不同。

（1）there be ...+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如：

There is someone waiting for him.有人在等他。

There was a man standing in front of me.我前面站著一個(gè)男人。

There were some children swimming in the river.有些小孩在河里游泳。

There were a group of young people working in the fields.有一群青年在地里勞動(dòng)。

注意：

有時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞可表示一種狀態(tài)。如：

There's a piano standing against the wall.靠墻有一架鋼琴。

There're a lot of difficulties facing us.我們面前有很多困難。

There is a door leading to the garden.有一扇門(mén)通往花園。

（2）there be ...+不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。如：

There was nobody to look after the child.沒(méi)有人照顧這個(gè)孩子。

There was a large crowd to send him off.有一大群人要來(lái)給他送行。

There is much work to do.有許多工作要做。

There is nothing to be afraid of.沒(méi)什么可怕的。

（3）there be ...+過(guò)去分詞，表示一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。如：

There is nothing written on it.上面沒(méi)寫(xiě)東西。

There were ten people killed in the accident.事故中有10人喪生。