托福聽力態(tài)度題：關(guān)注說話人的語氣和語義

　　在托?？荚囍?，態(tài)度題是非常常見的一種題目。它主要考查的是考生對于文中說話人的態(tài)度，感受，觀點(diǎn)，好惡等等的理解。態(tài)度題的常見問法如下：

　　What is the professor’sattitude toward X?hat is the professor’sopinion of X?What can be inferred aboutthe student?What can be inferred aboutthe student when she says this?What does the woman meanwhen she says this? 考生們由以上可以看出，當(dāng)問句中帶有attitude,opinion, infer, mean等詞時(shí)，基本就可以判斷題目為態(tài)度題，當(dāng)然，要根據(jù)具體情況具體分析。

　　判斷好題型之后我們就可以對應(yīng)筆記位置尋找答案和解題了，因此在之前聽聽力文章的時(shí)候我們就要知道到底文中那些內(nèi)容需要記錄。接下來我們從幾個(gè)方面梳理一下態(tài)度題中的常見考點(diǎn)和信號詞，考生們一定要牢記。

　　1.直觀態(tài)度

　　①說話人的語氣語調(diào)聽力中，最為直觀的跟說話人態(tài)度相關(guān)的提示就是說話人的語氣。常見的語氣如：疑問，驚訝(Really? /I couldn’t believe…/JesusChrist!/Wow!/Oh, my God! /Gosh!/ What!)，重讀，放慢語速，停頓，懷疑，猶豫(Um...)，可惜(what a shame/ that’s too bad./ I’m sorry to hear that)等等。

　?、谛稳菰~等評價(jià)性內(nèi)容在聽力中，不是所有的形容詞都要記下來?？忌鷤冃枰涗浀氖怯懈星樯实男稳菰~。常見的形容詞如下：

　　積極正面:

　　favorable,approval,interesting,enthusiastic,supportive,great,magnificent,glamorous,excellent,fantastic,outstanding,terrific,awesome,amazing,charming...

　　消極負(fù)面:

　　disapproval,dissatisfied,boring,suspicious,critical,bad,skeptical,questionable...中立客觀：neutral,unprejudiced,impartial,unbiased...

　　2.間接態(tài)度

　?、僖徽Z雙關(guān)在托福聽力中，說話人有些話沒有直接表達(dá)出實(shí)際意思，需要考生結(jié)合上下文語境去理解。

　?、谖癖磉_(dá)有的時(shí)候，說話人會(huì)通過委婉表達(dá)的方式闡明自己的意見，比如教授提問學(xué)生時(shí)，學(xué)生的回答并不完全正確，此時(shí)教授就會(huì)通過引導(dǎo)的方式，委婉的表達(dá)學(xué)生回答錯(cuò)誤這個(gè)信息。常見信號詞：Sounds great...but/ Soundslike fun...but/I’d liketo...but/ I should have, but.../ I wish I could... but/ I’d love to...but...

　　③轉(zhuǎn)折處文章轉(zhuǎn)折處不論是對話還是講座中，都是非常重要的考點(diǎn)位置。而轉(zhuǎn)折處后面通常帶有說話人實(shí)際想表達(dá)的意圖和態(tài)度。轉(zhuǎn)折詞：but,however, whereas, nevertheless, while, in fact, actually, although, though...

　　通過上文對態(tài)度題考點(diǎn)和信號詞的分類和總結(jié)，相信大家已經(jīng)能夠掌握態(tài)度題的出題思路了，那么接下來我們就通過一些例題來練習(xí)和鞏固一下吧!

　　E.G.TPO 4 Conversation 1

　　What is the man’s attitude toward his current assignment?

　　A.He is not confident that he will find the materials he needs.B.He feels that performing in a play is less boring than reading one.C.Hethinks his review of the play will be more objective than the contemporaryreviews were.D.He is optimistic that he will learn to appreciate the play he isresearching.

　　聽力原文：StudentThat’s a good idea. I’ll have a better idea of what I really think ofit before I read those reviews.LibrarianI’m sure you will be surprised that anyone ever found it radical. Butyou will see why it is still powerful, dramatically speaking.StudentYeah, it must be something about it, or the professor wouldn’t haveassignedit. I’m sure I’ll figure it out.

　　分析：正確答案 D首先根據(jù)托福聽力按順序出題的原則，可以判斷第4題的答案應(yīng)該在原文比較偏后的位置，因此找到對應(yīng)筆記位置即可。其次，根據(jù)以上聽力原文，學(xué)生說的I’ll have a better idea...和I’m sure I’ll figure it out兩句話可以得知，學(xué)生的態(tài)度是非常optimistic(樂觀的)的，因此正確答案應(yīng)該選擇D。本題的考察點(diǎn)是學(xué)生的語氣語調(diào)和評價(jià)性內(nèi)容。另外，筆者提醒考生，平時(shí)做題還要做一下錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)分析，以本題為例，A選項(xiàng)說not confident，學(xué)生的語氣是輕快而自信的，是積極正面的，因此與原文相違背，排除。B選項(xiàng)中的boring雖然是評價(jià)性的形容詞，文中也確實(shí)提及過，但是并沒有將performing和reading進(jìn)行比較。C選項(xiàng)中的contemporary reviews文中也提到了，但是是比較靠前面位置提及的，后面就再也沒提到了，并且也沒有比較過objective的問題，因此排除。

　　我們再來看一道例題： E.G. TPO 4 Conversation 2

　　What is the professor’s opinion of the other students in the woman’sgroup?

　　A.They try to take credit for work they did not do.B.They did not perform well in previous courses with him.C.They are more motivated when they are working in a group.D.They do good work when they are interested in the subject.

　　聽力原文：ProfessorI know Teresa and Kevin. I had both of them on other courses. So, I’mfamiliar with the work and work habits.StudentI know, me too. That’s why this has really surprised me.

　　分析：正確答案是D本題考查的是語意。學(xué)生在開始一直抱怨的是其他組員不配合，而當(dāng)老師了解了一些情況后提到之前他也認(rèn)識(shí)這兩個(gè)學(xué)生，他的了解中這兩個(gè)學(xué)生不是這樣的。所以那兩個(gè)學(xué)生是可以認(rèn)真做工作的，推斷出前提是他們對這個(gè)工作感興趣。所以不僅要理解文章的語意，還要理解好上下文銜接的內(nèi)容。

　　四、總結(jié)

　　綜上所述，要掌握好態(tài)度題，就一定要關(guān)注兩個(gè)點(diǎn)：說話人的語氣和語義。從直接和間接連個(gè)角度分析文章，每次做完題之后記得做錯(cuò)題總結(jié)和對應(yīng)考點(diǎn)分析。相信大家一定能攻克態(tài)度題這個(gè)難關(guān)。