托福口語描述怎么提分

　　一、語料與素材的積累

　　一般學(xué)生講口語的大腦活動是先用中文思考，其次是根據(jù)中文所想的意思翻譯成英文單詞，再把這些單詞根據(jù)主謂賓等語法知識組裝成句，最后考慮單詞的發(fā)音、語音語調(diào)等連詞成句。而口語比較好的同學(xué)往往直接想到的是英文表達(dá)，然后是chunks，就是我們常說的語塊，因為已經(jīng)是積累好的句子，不需要再考慮語法等因素，所以可以直接脫口而出。這就像電腦開機一樣，程序越少，速度越快。在考試之前多積累地道的語料而不是一味的選擇網(wǎng)上的模版，才能更加從容的面對考試來取得高分。

　　以2017.10.14托?？谡ZTask 2為例：Should government limit violence and bad language on television. Do you agree or disagree?

　　很多學(xué)生可以會選擇disagree,原因可以是許多電影需要借助戰(zhàn)爭來宣揚愛國主義，而戰(zhàn)爭中又必定會涉及血腥與暴力，那么這一點理由為：Some movies need to express patriotism and educate citizens by wars, which contain violence and bloodiness, like Wolf Warrior 2 tells a story of a former Chinese Special Forces Operative rescuing compatriots and local friends in a war-torn region of Africa occupied by insurgents and mercenaries.這段關(guān)于《戰(zhàn)狼2》的表述來自英美人士必讀的精神早餐《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》，該段積累下來還適用于 “Describe the most interesting/impressive movie”等題，也可以根據(jù)這個語言結(jié)構(gòu)框架進(jìn)行改寫，變成自己想說的其他電影，表述會更加流暢地道。

　　再比如TPO21 Task 1: Talk about an important news event that happened recently in your country. Describe the event and explain why it was important.很多學(xué)生看見 “news event”就大腦一片空白，不知從何說起，或者腦海里只有中文意思，對于新聞類的話題難以在短時間內(nèi)直接用英文表述出來。以中國首架自制民用飛機C919舉例: China’s first home-made large passenger jet was scheduled to take off in Shanghai, the narrow-body passenger plane made by state-run Comac as a triumph of indigenous innovation. 也可以說“一帶一路”政策，One Belt and One Road initiative.

　　二、擴充細(xì)節(jié)的方法之“from…to…” 列舉法

　　這種方法通常當(dāng)作第二個supporting details，相當(dāng)于 “for example”，可以并列兩個同類或異類的事物，描述其種類繁多。以 “Do you prefer to eat at home or eat out”為例：As for me, I prefer to eat out in various of restaurants, cuz it has wide section of food, from authentic Chinese cuisine to western-style food, from savory dishes to bland snacks, hence loads of mouth-watering food can meet my appetite and leave lasting impression on me. 這里 “authentic Chinese cuisine”指的是地道的中國菜，一般學(xué)生只會想到traditional Chinese food, 而好吃第一個想到的詞就是 “delicious”, 需要注意替換詞的積累。而對于某事使我留下深刻印象會表述為 “sth. leaves deep impression on me” 而對于native speaker來講，”lasting”才是更加地道的表達(dá)方法。

　　再以2017.08.27 Task 1一個經(jīng)典三選一題型為例。

　　Your university has acquired a piece of land next to the campus. There have been three options for the use of the land.

　　A. The athletic facilities stadiums

　　B. A park with nature trails

　　C. Centers for students and hotel for campus guests

　　此題只需作出選擇，并給出合理解釋即可。如選擇 “The athletic facilities stadiums”可以從學(xué)生通過做各種運動來強身健體，排解壓力或者參加團隊運動鍛煉團隊合作精神等。”I tend to choose the athletic facilities stadiums, cuz students can work out there, from doing push-ups to sit-ups, from plank to Russian twist, which can befit them to strengthen their muscles and build up cardiovascular system, or get rid of stress after high-intensive study. 這里用 “from…to…” 來并列幾個健身運動的動作，這種表述也適用于gym, court, square等描述地點的題型，要學(xué)會同類話題合并及舉一反三。

　　同理，再看TPO27 Task 1: Talk about a popular actor, musician or artist whose work you do not admire.

　　這道題屬于人物類話題中的名人類，可以從人物的外貌、性格、作品等角度入手。”Well, personally I’m not fascinated by a Korean music band, from their weird dressing style to flamboyant makeup, from aggressive personality to terrible works, from impolite behaviors to constant scandals, hence I have no motivation and passion to appreciate their albums. 這里用 “from…to…” 連接幾個形容詞+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)不喜歡的原因，比較工整并且容易在原有的結(jié)構(gòu)上刪減修改形成自己的答案，再應(yīng)用于別的話題中。

　　“from…to…” 列舉法是一種學(xué)生比較容易理解并應(yīng)用的擴充細(xì)節(jié)的方法，能夠通過快速并列幾種事物來展開闡述自己的原因，把腦海里破碎的單詞在短時間內(nèi)形成chunks，在有效的時間內(nèi)完成答題。并且適用范圍廣，在人物、地點、物品、事件題型中均可使用，而當(dāng)作第二個supporting detail即時學(xué)生在時間不夠的情況下結(jié)束答題也不會有違和感。