托福閱讀的主題詞匯

　　1) 直接反義—該詞前或后出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容提示我們是反義關(guān)系。從中文看邏輯會(huì)看的更清楚，我們先舉個(gè)中文的例子：麗麗是個(gè)---人，相反她是一個(gè)內(nèi)向的人。從后面的內(nèi)向可以就應(yīng)該可以推出前面應(yīng)該是個(gè)外向之類(lèi)的詞。所以我們要關(guān)注的是 rather than instead unlike contrast on the contrary.

　　For example: The main conflict in the novel is between a mother who places a high value on hard work and honor and a son who repudiates his mother’s values instead preferring the easier path to fortune and celebrity

　　問(wèn)題： the word repudiates in the passage in closest in meaning to __

　　A) refuses to accept B) lives up to C) tries to understand D) makes the best of

　　假如repudiates我們不認(rèn)識(shí)，那么我們可以從后面的小詞 instead這個(gè)詞判定兒子和媽媽的價(jià)值觀念是相反的，由此信息去看四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)只有A選項(xiàng)帶有否定的意味

　　2) 利用并列關(guān)系去判定：

　　并列關(guān)系詞如下：and not only ..but also as…as and both … and either… or neither… nor

　　問(wèn)題: The phrase embarked on in this sentence is closest in meaning to

　　A) took a trip to B) started out on C) improved upon D) had a opinion about

　　我們可以從前后關(guān)系判定,首先我們看到一個(gè)詞career職業(yè)生涯—care(關(guān)心)+er(人)—關(guān)心這件事情的人,從事這個(gè)職業(yè).我們?cè)谶@句中看到關(guān)健詞 and 其后出現(xiàn)soon began讓我們知道前后方向是一致的，前面也必然和began是有關(guān)系的，所以題目的正確答案是B。

　　3)解釋關(guān)系:后面的句子或短詞,單詞來(lái)解釋前面的詞常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志詞:contribute to be responsible for account for since therefore for because in which

　　舉個(gè)中文例子：麗麗老師昨天扶一下盲人過(guò)馬路，所以麗麗是一個(gè)___人，答案一定是個(gè)正能量，一個(gè)樂(lè)于助人的人，不會(huì)是選一個(gè)損人不利已的人，因?yàn)槿思颐と瞬幌脒^(guò)馬路，被麗麗老師堅(jiān)持拉過(guò)去了。這種情況就是特例，托?？荚囍锌嫉亩际钦Ｇ闆r。

　　For example:His big break came with the novel So big(1924) ,which was awarded the Pulitzer in literature.

　　問(wèn)題： the word break in this sentence could best be replaced by ___

　　A) rupture B) revelation C) opportunity D) rest

　　which was awarded the Pulitzer in Literature告訴我們一定考查的是正態(tài)度，所以答案不可能是A) D)，所以應(yīng)該選 C)Opportunity 是一種有利的狀態(tài)或合適的時(shí)機(jī)。

　　4)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系判定：看看賓語(yǔ)能否受動(dòng)詞去配，或從動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配去判定

　　舉個(gè)中文例子：比如有一個(gè)壞人準(zhǔn)備選了一個(gè)月圓之夜，主樓之巔，絕跡人間，走到樓頂，——下去。A)殺 B)侃 C)跳 D)跑。能和下去搭配的詞只有兩個(gè)一個(gè)C)跳 D)跑,從前面的提示可以看出，不可能在樓頂跑下去，除非不跳了，但必須是跑回去。

　　For example: The oxidation of exhaust gases is one of primary sources of the world’s pollutions. The brown haze that is poised over some of the world’s largest cities is properly called photo chemical smog.

　　The word poised in this sentence is closest in meaning to__

　　A) interacting B) sitting C) blowing D) poisoning

　　首先從搭配關(guān)系上可以排除 interacting ,interact with 然后可以從上下文關(guān)系排除 blowing over 因?yàn)榇底吡司褪遣粫?huì)有smog.而poison考試中及物才有pollute的含義，不及物只有一種含義表示投毒。

　　5)形容詞修飾名詞關(guān)系判定—不是每個(gè)形容詞都可以修飾所有的名詞。例如打飯的隊(duì)伍不說(shuō)很粗而應(yīng)該說(shuō)很長(zhǎng)，雖然實(shí)際中很多人不排隊(duì)形成了很粗的現(xiàn)象。

　　For example:when the gas reaches the air, it comes into contact with available oxygen from atmosphere and combines with the oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide (No2),which is a gas with a brownish hue.

　　The word hue in this sentence is closest in meaning to

　　A)color B)odor C)thickness D)smoke

　　對(duì)于本題你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有個(gè)小詞brownish 呈褐色的，首先從形容詞修飾名詞關(guān)系可以直接排除B odor C thickness， 其次可以通過(guò) a gas with brownish hue前面的 gas 排除 D smoke，用詞重復(fù)。所以正確答案是A。