原句案例:
The K-T event marked the end of the marine reptiles, such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs, which were the largest creatures that had ever lived in the seas and which ruled the seas long before whales evolved.
結構分析:
復合句,句中含有兩個which引導的定語從句,that引導的定語從句,before引導的賓語從句。
句子分析:
主句The K-T event marked the end of the marine reptiles, such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs中,The K-T event為主語,marked 為謂語, the end 為賓語 ,of the marine reptiles 為定語修飾the end。such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs為插入語。本部分的意思:K-T事件標志著滄龍、蛇頸龍等海洋爬行動物的滅絕。
which were the largest creatures that had ever lived in the seas和which ruled the seas long before whales evolved為并列的定語從句,修飾the marine reptiles。第一個定語從句中, which作主語,were the largest creatures 為系表結構;that引導的定語從句修飾creatures, that在從句中作主語,had ever lived 作謂語,in the seas為狀語。第二個定語從句中,which 作主語,ruled作謂語,the seas作賓語;before 引導時間狀語從句,其中whales作主語,evolved 為謂語。本部分的意思:它們是此前海洋里生存過的最大生物,在鯨魚開始進化之前,它們已經統(tǒng)治海底世界長達數(shù)年之久。
參考翻譯:
K-T事件標志著滄龍、蛇頸龍等海洋爬行動物的滅絕。他們是此前海洋里生存過的最大生物,在鯨魚開始進化之前,他們已經統(tǒng)治海底世界長達數(shù)年之久。
托福閱讀中的長難句雖然會對考生造成一定的干擾,但只要考生具備了快速看懂理解它們的能力,其實長難句也并非難以應對,希望本文內容能夠幫助大家提升閱讀實力拿到高分好成績。