VOA慢速英語(yǔ):Goal Line Technology Makes Its Debut in International Football

From VOA Learning English, this is the Technology Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)科技報(bào)道。

Goal line technology made its debut in international football at the Confederations Cup in Brazil that ended on Sunday. The move to goal line technology follows international pressure on the sport's governing body FIFA after a missed call in the 2010 World Cup.

門(mén)線(xiàn)技術(shù)在周日結(jié)束的巴西聯(lián)合會(huì)杯足球賽事中首次亮相。2010年世界杯的一次判決失誤后，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的管理機(jī)構(gòu)國(guó)際足聯(lián)承受了國(guó)際壓力，門(mén)線(xiàn)技術(shù)隨之而來(lái)。

Video replays of a match clearly show that England's Frank Lampard had scored a goal against Germany. However, that goal was denied because neither the referee nor linesman saw the ball cross the goal line. The incident caused such a stir that FIFA approve the development of goal line technology. That technology was put to the test at the Confederations Cup in Brazil which began June 15.

比賽視頻回放清楚顯示英格蘭隊(duì)的蘭帕德(Frank Lampard)打進(jìn)了德國(guó)隊(duì)一球。然而，該進(jìn)球被判無(wú)效，因?yàn)椴门泻瓦叢枚紱](méi)有看到球越過(guò)球門(mén)線(xiàn)。這起事件引起了不小的轟動(dòng)，國(guó)際足聯(lián)于是批準(zhǔn)發(fā)展門(mén)線(xiàn)技術(shù)。該技術(shù)在6月15日開(kāi)戰(zhàn)的巴西聯(lián)合會(huì)杯接受了檢驗(yàn)。

Bjorn Linder is the chairman of GoalControl, the German-based company that won the goal line technology contract for this year's Confederations Cup. His team spend weeks in Brazil before the games as part of the FIFA certification process.

比約恩·林德(Bjorn Linder)是GoalControl公司的主席，這家總部位于德國(guó)的公司贏得了今年聯(lián)合會(huì)杯的門(mén)線(xiàn)技術(shù)合同。作為國(guó)際足聯(lián)驗(yàn)證過(guò)程的一部分，比賽開(kāi)始前他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在巴西花了數(shù)周時(shí)間。

"The whole system uses 14 cameras that are installed on the catwalk. We have seven cameras per goal and computers that are connected to those cameras. The computers are catching the images, around 500 pictures per second."

他說(shuō)，“整套系統(tǒng)采用了14臺(tái)攝像機(jī)，每個(gè)球門(mén)安裝了7臺(tái)攝像機(jī)，并連接到電腦上。這些電腦會(huì)以每秒約500張的速度抓取圖像。”

Computers track the path of the ball in real time and reconstruct the play.

電腦將實(shí)時(shí)跟蹤足球的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡，并重建比賽。

"Once the computer perceives the ball has crossed the goal line, it gives a signal to the referee's watch, so all the referees on the field receive the signal. It vibrates and gives an optical signal ‘goal' and he knows a goal has occurred."

他說(shuō)，“一旦計(jì)算機(jī)感知足球越過(guò)門(mén)線(xiàn)，就會(huì)給主裁判的手表發(fā)出一個(gè)信號(hào)，因此所有場(chǎng)上的裁判都會(huì)收到信號(hào)。裁判的手表會(huì)震動(dòng)，并顯示進(jìn)球的光學(xué)信號(hào)，這樣裁判就知道進(jìn)球了。”

Electronic eyes on the goal line may settle arguments, but the data is still only a reconstruction of reality.

門(mén)線(xiàn)上的電子眼可以解決爭(zhēng)論，但該數(shù)據(jù)仍然只是事實(shí)的重建。

Nic Fleming is a London-based science and technology writer, he believes the use of goal line technology is a chance to educate people about the role of uncertainty in science.

尼克·弗萊明(Nic Fleming)是倫敦的一名科學(xué)技術(shù)作家，他認(rèn)為門(mén)線(xiàn)技術(shù)的使用是一次教育大家關(guān)于科學(xué)上不確定性的機(jī)會(huì)。

"These are fantastic tools, but let's be realistic about their limitations, that science is about probabilities. What better way than to have this message in a game so popular."

他說(shuō)，“這是夢(mèng)幻般的工具，但讓我們對(duì)其局限性現(xiàn)實(shí)一點(diǎn)，這類(lèi)科學(xué)是和概率有關(guān)。在如此受人歡迎的比賽中向教給公眾這種信息，還有比這更好的途徑嗎?”

GoalControl claims an accuracy of plus-or-minus 5 millimeters, this is well under FIFA's minimum requirement of plus or minus 3 centimeters.

GoalContro公司聲稱(chēng)精確度在正負(fù)5毫米之間，低于國(guó)際足聯(lián)正負(fù)3毫米的最低要求。

Nic Fleming would like to see that number flashed on the screen. He says viewers could compare the replays to the computer reconstruction and learn a little science.

弗萊明希望看到這一數(shù)字在屏幕上閃現(xiàn)。他說(shuō)，觀眾可以比較回放和計(jì)算機(jī)重建，并學(xué)到一點(diǎn)東西。

"The wider point really is that science is central to many public debates today, whether that's climate change or nuclear power or genetic modification. In all of these cases science provides probabilities. It does not provide yes-no, black-white answers that is quite important the public understands them."

他說(shuō)，“更廣泛的觀點(diǎn)是，這類(lèi)科學(xué)如今成為許多公眾爭(zhēng)議的核心，無(wú)論是氣候變化、核電站還是基因改造。在所有這些案例中，科學(xué)提供了概率，而不提供對(duì)公眾了解它們來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要的是非黑白。”

Goal line technology may become a central part of the sport, but it is important to remember that is still the referee, not the computer, that makes the final call.

門(mén)線(xiàn)技術(shù)可能會(huì)成為這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要部分。但重要的是要記住，最終決定的仍然是裁判，而不是計(jì)算機(jī)。