VOA慢速英語:中東動亂喚起對長期心理創(chuàng)傷的擔(dān)憂

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

這里是美國之音慢速英語健康報道。

Many Syrians have fled to Lebanon to escape the conflict in their homeland. Recently, reporter Jamie Dettmer visited the Lebanese city of Tripoli, where he found a number of Syrian refugees.

許多敘利亞人逃到黎巴嫩以躲避國內(nèi)的沖突。近日，記者杰米·德特曼(Jamie Dettmer)走訪了黎巴嫩的的黎波里市，他在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量敘利亞難民。

Among them was a six-year-old boy from the Syrian town of Hama. The boy listed the dangers he faced in Syria from exploding rockets. He explained the picture he has made of a house and an artillery battery.

其中一位六歲的男孩來自敘利亞的哈馬鎮(zhèn)。這名男孩列舉了他在敘利亞遭遇的火箭彈爆炸的險境。他解釋了他畫的房子和炮臺。

Mohamed Khalil is a Psychiatrist, specializing in treatment of mental disorders. He says it is not unusual for refugee children from the two-and-half year long Syrian war to draw weapons. He says they also often change quickly from hyperactivity behavior to emotional withdraw.

穆罕默德·哈利勒(Mohamed Khalil)是一位專門治療精神障礙的心理醫(yī)生。他說經(jīng)歷了兩年半之久的敘利亞戰(zhàn)爭的這些難民兒童畫武器很正常。他說，這些孩子還經(jīng)常會從活躍快速轉(zhuǎn)換為消沉。

Doctor Khalil says children who have seen inhuman acts and violent death often return to behavior seen in younger children. He says they might suck their thumbs or wet their beds, and he says they often have frightening dreams, and experience restless sleep.

哈利勒醫(yī)生表示，目睹了不人道行為和暴力死亡的孩子通常會重新出現(xiàn)年幼兒童的行為。他說，這些孩子可能會吮吸手指，尿床，還經(jīng)常做惡夢，失眠。

Doctor Khalil says there is a public health crisis across the Middle East right now. He says it gets little or no attention from the media or aid groups.

哈利勒醫(yī)生說，目前整個中東地區(qū)都面臨一場公共健康危機(jī)。他說，這場危機(jī)幾乎沒有得到媒體或援助組織的重視。

There are no good estimates of the numbers of people suffering from mental health problems in the Middle East. But mental health experts say violence and political unrest is causing severe depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders(PTSD). The problems are often left untreated.

目前中東遭遇心理健康問題人數(shù)沒有一個準(zhǔn)確的估計。但心理健康專家表示，暴力和政治動蕩會造成嚴(yán)重的抑郁癥、焦慮和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙。這些問題往往沒有得到及時治療。

Ahmed Abdellah is a psychiatrist in Egypt. He says cultural shame about mental health problems can interfere with efforts to help people. He says three years of civil conflict in Egypt is harming the mental health of its people.

艾哈邁德·阿卜杜拉(Ahmed Abdellah)是埃及的一位心理醫(yī)生。他說，文化上對心理健康問題的恥辱感會干擾幫助人們的措施。他說，埃及三年國內(nèi)沖突傷害了埃及人的心理健康。

"The problem is there's a gap between what is going on in the society and between what is in clinics and in psychiatric institutes, especially the governmental institutes. Nowadays we have massive numbers of post-traumatic stress disorder cases. But you will not find maybe any of these cases in psychiatric departments," said Abdellah.

他說，“問題在于社會的現(xiàn)狀和診所及精神病機(jī)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀，特別是政府性的精神病機(jī)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀之間存在差異。如今我們有著大量創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的病例，但你在精神病科也許找不到任何一個這種病例。”

He also says people are left to suffer when they could be helped, but he says more problems are created when victims of PTSD do not get treatment.

他還表示，當(dāng)治療本來能產(chǎn)生效果時，人們卻未能得到治療。當(dāng)創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙患者未得到治療，會產(chǎn)生更多問題。

"To leave somebody with trauma untreated, this opens him and the society to many expectations. First of all you are open for more aggression, you are open for more stress and displaced stress. We are open to more violence, actually. If you have maybe tens of thousands, maybe more of people who are suffering, you could not expect them to work, to share, to intervene, to interact," he said.

他說，“如果某個人未得到創(chuàng)傷治療，會給他個人和社會帶來許多未知。首先，他將更具侵略性，面臨更大壓力，包括流離失所的壓力。我們實際上會面臨更多暴力。如果有成千上萬乃至更多人未得到及時治療，就不能指望他們?nèi)スぷ?、去分享、去出面以及互動?rdquo;