VOA慢速英語:2014年巴西世界杯國際足聯(lián)的經濟成本和收益（雙語）

The Economic Costs and Benefits of the 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil

2014年巴西世界杯國際足聯(lián)的經濟成本和收益

From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.

這里是美國之音慢速英語經濟報道。

The Brazilian government says it invested billions of dollars to prepare for the 2014 World Cup. The money has been spent on infrastructure like roads and stadiums for World Cup events. It also has paid for security and social projects. The government says these investments will result in long-term gains for Brazil, but independent experts say effects of the spending are mixed.

巴西政府稱，巴西投資百億美元來準備2014年巴西世界杯。這筆錢用在修剪道路和世界杯比賽所要用的體育館等，同時也被用于安全防護和社會工程。政府稱，這些投資將會為巴西帶來長期收益，但是獨立專家們稱，這些所帶來的影響是混雜的。

Urban planners say the $11 billion spent on stadiums and infrastructure has created jobs for poor Brazilians, but they say this development has a price. The public works have driven up the cost of housing. This, say some experts, has push poor people further away from jobs and public services.

城市規(guī)劃員稱其中有110億美元用于基礎設施和體育館的修建，這為那些貧窮的人提供了工作機會，但是這種發(fā)展也會有代價。那就是公共工程驅使房價的上升。一些專家表示，這樣會逼迫那些窮人遠離就業(yè)機會和公共服務。

Some people are questioning the value of Police Pacification Units, called the UPP in Portuguese. Officials have sent the special police forces to drive out drug traffickers and other criminals. But the results have been mixed, says Chris Gaffney. He teaches at Fluminense University in Rio de Janeiro.

有人質疑維和警察(葡語稱為UPP)的作用，官方已經派出這支特別警隊來趕走毒販和其他犯罪分子。但在里約熱內盧的弗洛米嫩塞大學任教的Chris Gaffney稱，結果喜憂參半。

Professor Gaffney says the drug traffickers just move their operations to other favelas. But he adds that the UPP have brought some order to once lawless neighborhoods.

他稱，毒販只是將他們的非法交易轉移到其他貧民區(qū)，但是維和警察也給這些不法街區(qū)帶來了一些秩序。

"These places were closed in many respects to the formal market. But the UPP goes in [to the favela] and it removes the barrier of the drug traffickers and allows all kinds of market forces to flow through it," explained Gaffney.

他解釋稱：“這些地方的很多方面的正規(guī)市場關閉了，然而維和警察進駐貧民區(qū)，允許各種市場力量流入貧民區(qū)，清除了毒販的障礙。”

He says these forces have opened some areas to tourism or state-support projects or businesses. The organizing body of the World Cup, FIFA, also invested in social programs.

他稱這些警力為旅游和一些國家支持的項目或商業(yè)，開放了一些地區(qū)。世界杯主辦機構國際足聯(lián)也在這些社會項目上有所投資。

Lisa Delpy Neirotti is with Georgetown University in Washington D.C. She says the investments have led to programs for educating young people about the environment, the disease AIDS, or the importance of staying in school. She says FIFA pressure the Brazilian government to accept some pro-environmental measures like treating and reusing waster at stadiums.

任職于華盛頓喬治敦大學的Lisa Delpy Neirotti稱，這些投資項目在環(huán)境，艾滋病和在校讀書方面對年輕人起到教育作用。她還講到，國際足聯(lián)迫使巴西政府接受了有利于環(huán)境的措施，例如在體育館處理和再利用廢棄物。

FIFA also wanted the structures built for the World Cup to meet the guidelines of LEED, or Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. The U.S. Green Building Council set up the LEED Certification Program to recognize best in class building policies.

另外，國際足聯(lián)還希望為世界杯所建的建筑可以滿足能源于環(huán)境設計先導的準則。美國綠色建筑協(xié)會建立了LEED認證程序，來確認同類中最好的建筑。

Brazil's government says the World Cup will add billions of dollars to the economy, but many Brazilians believe the money will go to only a few people.

巴西政府稱世界杯將會為巴西經濟帶來幾十億美元的收益，但是很多巴西人認為這些錢只會流入極少人的口袋。

Critics note some cities in Europe have rejected proposals to hold huge sporting events. They say a new models is needed if nations organizing such activities are to avoid protests like those earlier in Brazil.

評論人士強調歐洲的一些城市已經拒絕舉辦大型體育賽事。他們表示，如果國家想要舉辦這樣的活動，就要避免早前在巴西出現(xiàn)的抗議活動，這就需要一種新的模式出現(xiàn)。

And that's the Economics Report. I'm Mario Ritter.

這就是今天的美國之音慢速英語經濟報道的全部內容，我是Mario Ritter。