VOA慢速英語(yǔ): 國(guó)際勞工組織：工資增長(zhǎng)仍低于危機(jī)前水平

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[00:00.00]From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report. [00:06.85]The International Labor Organization recently released a report suggesting that real wage growth in developed economies is close to unchanged. [00:19.73]Real wage measure includes the effects of inflation. [00:24.26]Developing economies are mainly responsible for world wage growth. [00:31.61]The ILO report says world wage growth is below the 3 percent rate that existed before the economic crisis of 2008. [00:44.62]It says wage growth has slowed to nearly zero percent in developed economies over the last two years. [00:54.71]Wages are growing by 6 percent in developing economies, like China and other Asian nations. [01:04.04]Wage growth in Eastern Europe and central Asia is almost as high. [01:11.72]The ILO report says wages in rich nations are still about three times higher than in poor countries. [01:21.59]It says workers in developed countries earn $3,000 a month on average compared to $1,000 a month for workers in developing nations. [01:34.93]Sandra Polaski is the Deputy Director-General for Policy at the ILO. [01:42.45] She says wages affect inequality differently in different economies. [01:48.75]"The report shows that in many countries, wages represent the largest source of income for households with at least one member of working age. [01:56.19]In developed economies, wages account for about 60 to 80 percent of total income before households pay taxes. [02:04.52]In emerging and developing economies, wages are about 30 to 60 percent of total household income," said Polaski. [02:11.06]The report says developed nations had increased inequality because of job losses and big differences between the highest and lowest wage earners. [02:25.07]But differences between highest and lowest wage earners decreased in some developing countries. [02:32.68]The ILO says minimum wage policies -- rules for the lowest permitted wages, can play a strong part in dealing with poverty and inequality. [02:46.97]Ms. Polaski disagrees with conservative critics of minimum wage policies. [02:53.43]They say higher minimum wages mean fewer jobs. [02:59.64]"What the evidence shows is that increases in minimum wages in the order of magnitude that we actually see, [03:07.11]whether in the U.S. or in other economies, in fact do not have that negative effect on employment. [03:13.05]Instead, employers find ways of making up through increases in productivity, better work organization, etc.," said Polaski. [03:20.36]The ILO says the weakening of collective bargaining in many countries has hurt wages. [03:29.71]The report says labor productivity -- a measure of economic productivity, continues to rise faster than wages in developed economies. [03:42.88]The result, says the ILO, is that workers and their families are seeing fewer gains than the owners of capital. [03:53.56]And that's the VOA Learning English Economics Report. I'm Christopher Cruise.

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ILO: Wage Growth Remains Below Pre-Crisis Level

國(guó)際勞工組織：工資增長(zhǎng)仍低于危機(jī)前水平

From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)道。

The International Labor Organization recently released a report suggesting that real wage growth in developed economies is close to unchanged. Real wage measure includes the effects of inflation. Developing economies are mainly responsible for world wage growth.

國(guó)際勞工組織最近發(fā)布一篇報(bào)道顯示：發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的工資真正的漲幅幾乎沒(méi)什么變化。真正采取的工資措施包括通貨膨脹的影響。發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)世界工資的漲幅有重要作用。

The ILO report says world wage growth is below the 3 percent rate that existed before the economic crisis of 2008. It says wage growth has slowed to nearly zero percent in developed economies over the last two years.

國(guó)際勞工組織的報(bào)道稱世界工資的漲幅比2008年經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)前的增長(zhǎng)水平要低3%。過(guò)去的兩年里，發(fā)展中國(guó)家的工資漲幅已經(jīng)幾乎為零。

Wages are growing by 6 percent in developing economies, like China and other Asian nations. Wage growth in Eastern Europe and central Asia is almost as high.

發(fā)展中國(guó)家像中國(guó)和其它一些亞洲國(guó)家的工資水平長(zhǎng)了6%。東歐和中亞的工資漲幅也很高。

The ILO report says wages in rich nations are still about three times higher than in poor countries. It says workers in developed countries earn $3,000 a month on average compared to $1,000 a month for workers in developing nations.

國(guó)際勞工組織報(bào)道稱發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的工資水平是發(fā)展中國(guó)家工資的3倍。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的工人每月平均能掙3000美元，而發(fā)展中國(guó)家的工人只能掙1000美元。

Sandra Polaski is the Deputy Director-General for Policy at the ILO. She says wages affect inequality differently in different economies.

桑德拉·寶拉斯基是國(guó)際勞工組織負(fù)責(zé)政策的副總干事，她說(shuō)不同國(guó)家的工資水平不同，也會(huì)不同程度的影響公平。

"The report shows that in many countries, wages represent the largest source of income for households with at least one member of working age. In developed economies, wages account for about 60 to 80 percent of total income before households pay taxes. In emerging and developing economies, wages are about 30 to 60 percent of total household income," said Polaski.

寶拉斯基說(shuō)：“報(bào)道顯示：在很多國(guó)家，工資是一個(gè)擁有工薪成員的家庭里最主要的收入來(lái)源。而在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，工資收入只占家庭稅前總收入的60%到80%。在新興的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，工資占家庭總收入的30%到60%。”

The report says developed nations had increased inequality because of job losses and big differences between the highest and lowest wage earners. But differences between highest and lowest wage earners decreased in some developing countries.

由于失業(yè)以及高收入者與低收入者之間巨大的差距，導(dǎo)致發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的財(cái)富不平等加劇。但是一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家，高收入人群跟低收入人群之間收入差距在減少。

The ILO says minimum wage policies -- rules for the lowest permitted wages, can play a strong part in dealing with poverty and inequality. Ms. Polaski disagrees with conservative critics of minimum wage policies. They say higher minimum wages mean fewer jobs.

國(guó)家勞工組織表示：最低工資政策在解決貧困和不平等方面扮演著重要的作用。寶拉斯基不同意保守派對(duì)最低工資政策的批評(píng)。保守派認(rèn)為提高最低工資意味著就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)更少。

"What the evidence shows is that increases in minimum wages in the order of magnitude that we actually see, whether in the U.S. or in other economies, in fact do not have that negative effect on employment. Instead, employers find ways of making up through increases in productivity, better work organization, etc.," said Polaski.

寶拉斯基說(shuō)：“證據(jù)表明無(wú)論在美國(guó)還是其它的經(jīng)濟(jì)體國(guó)家，在我們能看到的范圍內(nèi)，增加最低工資對(duì)于就業(yè)并沒(méi)有什么消極的影響。相反，雇主可以通過(guò)提高生產(chǎn)率，更好地組織工作等來(lái)彌補(bǔ)就業(yè)問(wèn)題。”

The ILO says the weakening of collective bargaining in many countries has hurt wages. The report says labor productivity -- a measure of economic productivity, continues to rise faster than wages in developed economies. The result, says the ILO, is that workers and their families are seeing fewer gains than the owners of capital.

國(guó)際勞工組織稱很多國(guó)家的勞資集體談判體制損害了工資漲幅。報(bào)道稱發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的生產(chǎn)率——經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)力措施，增長(zhǎng)快于工資漲幅。結(jié)果導(dǎo)致相工人和家庭的收入比資本家收入要少很多。

And that's the VOA Learning English Economics Report. I'm Christopher Cruise.

這里是美國(guó)知音慢速英語(yǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)道，我是克里斯托弗·克魯斯。