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VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：韓國(guó)尋求從美國(guó)手中接管戰(zhàn)時(shí)行動(dòng)指揮權(quán)

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2017年09月29日

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[00:00.00]South Korean President Moon Jae-in says [00:04.10]his government is increasing efforts [00:06.60]to take back wartime operational control of its military. [00:12.56]Wartime operational control, known as OPCON, [00:18.05]describes the U.S.-led command of South Korean military forces in time of war. [00:25.75]The effort comes at a time when tensions [00:29.07]between North Korea and the U.S. are very high. [00:34.19]Moon spoke about the issue at an event [00:38.87]marking South Korea's 69th Armed Forces Day [on] Thursday. [00:45.21]He said increasing military abilities and reducing dependence on U.S. military power [00:54.20]would strengthen the country's position with the North. [00:59.03]"When the South has wartime operational control, [01:04.10]the North will fear us more, and our armed forces will be trusted more," Moon said. [01:12.46]Robert Kelly is a professor of political science at Pusan National University in South Korea. [01:22.91]He thinks such a move might be a way to show independence [01:28.99]from the threats exchanged by the U.S. and North Korea. [01:34.45]"I think this might be a way for Moon to separate himself somewhat [01:40.75]from the behavior of (U.S. President) Donald Trump in the last month," Kelly said. [01:46.99]The South Korean government took over peacetime command [01:52.40]of its military personnel when the country transitioned to democracy. [01:58.36]The South Korean military works closely with the Combined Forces Command [02:05.41]and the United Nations Command, led by the U.S. General Vincent Brooks. [02:12.93]Brooks also commands more than 28,000 U.S. military forces in Korea. [02:21.00]In wartime, the U.S. commander would take control of South Korean forces. [02:28.87]The transfer, however, is not automatic. [02:33.46]The South Korean president must first agree to hand over control. [02:38.95]Daniel Pinkston is a security expert with Troy University in Seoul. [02:46.06]He said, "In a way, President Moon has control [02:51.02]and he has a veto over giving control to the U.S. [02:56.06]and giving control to the combined forces command." [03:01.60]Moon and some members of his Democratic Party have supported [03:07.92]gaining wartime operational control as an issue of sovereignty. [03:14.35]It has also been linked to anti-American feelings in the country. [03:20.46]Conservatives have opposed taking over wartime control. [03:26.52]They are concerned that such a move [03:29.05]might weaken the U.S. commitment to defend South Korea. [03:34.46]Hong Jun-pyo is the leader of the Liberty Korea Party. [03:40.96]He recently said that "return of OPCON [03:45.95]is basically disbanding the Korea-U.S. military alliance." [03:51.47]Some also have concerns that such a move would be seen [03:57.74]as a sign of disagreement between South Korea and the U.S. [04:03.33]Kelly said that is "what the North Koreans have wanted for a long time." [04:10.80]Wartime operational control was to be handed over to South Korea in 2015. [04:19.03]But the government of then-president Park Geun-hye [04:22.97]and the U.S. decided in 2014 to postpone the transfer to 2020 or later. [04:32.24]The deal now depends on South Korea gaining necessary operational abilities. [04:40.03]Some experts consider basing the decision [04:44.02]on South Korea's capabilities good for the U.S.-South Korea alliance. [04:51.13]They say it puts more responsibility on South Korea for its own defense. [04:58.23]Pinkston said that, without discussions about a transfer of OPCON, [05:05.84]South Korea would have no reason to increase its defense capabilities. [05:12.52]"South Korea will think we don't have to worry about it [05:17.36]because the U.S. will always have OPCON, [05:21.61]they will always take care of us, [05:24.25]so why should we spend more on our defense budget?" Pinkston said. [05:30.08]Moon's statements on Thursday appears to be part of that effort. [05:36.82]He is promising reforms, including creating a more professional military [05:43.11]and increasing national defense spending. [05:46.72]Some of that spending could be directed to developing new systems, [05:52.91]such as South Korea's own missile defense system. [05:57.43]The country may also seek to launch five military satellites [06:03.31]with surveillance and reconnaissance abilities. [06:08.14]I'm Mario Ritter.

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S. Korea Seeks to Take Over Wartime Control of Military From US

韓國(guó)尋求從美國(guó)手中接管戰(zhàn)時(shí)行動(dòng)指揮權(quán)

South Korean President Moon Jae-in says his government is increasing efforts to take back wartime operational control of its military.

韓國(guó)總統(tǒng)文在寅表示，韓國(guó)政府正在加緊努力收回該國(guó)軍隊(duì)的戰(zhàn)時(shí)行動(dòng)指揮權(quán)。

Wartime operational control, known as OPCON, describes the U.S.-led command of South Korean military forces in time of war.

戰(zhàn)時(shí)行動(dòng)指揮權(quán)簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為OPCON，它表述了美國(guó)在戰(zhàn)時(shí)對(duì)韓國(guó)軍隊(duì)的指揮權(quán)。

The effort comes at a time when tensions between North Korea and the U.S. are very high.

這種努力發(fā)生在朝鮮和美國(guó)之間關(guān)系非常緊張之際。

Moon spoke about the issue at an event marking South Korea's 69th Armed Forces Day [on] Thursday. He said increasing military abilities and reducing dependence on U.S. military power would strengthen the country's position with the North.

文在寅周四在慶祝韓國(guó)第69屆軍人節(jié)的活動(dòng)中談到了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。他說(shuō)，增強(qiáng)軍事能力，減少對(duì)美國(guó)軍事力量的依賴(lài)將會(huì)強(qiáng)化該國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮的地位。

"When the South has wartime operational control, the North will fear us more, and our armed forces will be trusted more," Moon said.

文在寅說(shuō)：“當(dāng)韓國(guó)擁有戰(zhàn)時(shí)指揮權(quán)時(shí)，朝鮮就會(huì)更加害怕我們，我們的武裝力量也會(huì)更值得信賴(lài)。”

Robert Kelly is a professor of political science at Pusan National University in South Korea. He thinks such a move might be a way to show independence from the threats exchanged by the U.S. and North Korea.

韓國(guó)釜山國(guó)立大學(xué)政治學(xué)教授羅伯特·凱利(Robert Kelly)認(rèn)為，此舉可能是展示韓國(guó)獨(dú)立于美朝兩國(guó)互相威脅之外的一種方式。

"I think this might be a way for Moon to separate himself somewhat from the behavior of (U.S. President) Donald Trump in the last month," Kelly said.

凱利表示：“我認(rèn)為這可能是文在寅要與美國(guó)總統(tǒng)川普過(guò)去一個(gè)月的行為進(jìn)行切割的一種方式。”

Peacetime control moved to South Korea

和平時(shí)期軍事控制權(quán)已移交韓國(guó)

The South Korean government took over peacetime command of its military personnel when the country transitioned to democracy.

韓國(guó)政府在過(guò)渡到民主時(shí)接管了和平時(shí)期對(duì)該國(guó)軍人的指揮權(quán)。

The South Korean military works closely with the Combined Forces Command and the United Nations Command, led by the U.S. General Vincent Brooks. Brooks also commands more than 28,000 U.S. military forces in Korea.

韓國(guó)軍方與美國(guó)總參謀長(zhǎng)文森特·布魯克斯(Vincent Brooks)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的韓美聯(lián)軍司令部以及聯(lián)合國(guó)軍司令部密切合作。布魯克斯還指揮了超過(guò)2.8萬(wàn)名駐韓美軍。

In wartime, the U.S. commander would take control of South Korean forces. The transfer, however, is not automatic. The South Korean president must first agree to hand over control.

在戰(zhàn)時(shí)，美國(guó)指揮官將會(huì)接管韓國(guó)軍隊(duì)的指揮權(quán)。但是這種轉(zhuǎn)移不是自動(dòng)完成的。韓國(guó)總統(tǒng)首先必須同意交出控制權(quán)。

Daniel Pinkston is a security expert with Troy University in Seoul. He said, "In a way, President Moon has control and he has a veto over giving control to the U.S. and giving control to the combined forces command."

首爾特洛伊大學(xué)的安全專(zhuān)家丹尼爾· 平克斯頓 (Daniel Pinkston)表示：“某種程度上說(shuō)，文在寅總統(tǒng)擁有控制權(quán)。他也可以否決將控制權(quán)交給美國(guó)和聯(lián)軍指揮部。”

South Koreans have different views on control

韓國(guó)對(duì)控制權(quán)有不同看法

Moon and some members of his Democratic Party have supported gaining wartime operational control as an issue of sovereignty. It has also been linked to anti-American feelings in the country.

文在寅和他民主黨的一些成員將拿回戰(zhàn)時(shí)控制權(quán)視為一個(gè)主權(quán)問(wèn)題，這也跟該國(guó)的反美情緒有關(guān)。

Conservatives have opposed taking over wartime control. They are concerned that such a move might weaken the U.S. commitment to defend South Korea.

保守派反對(duì)接管戰(zhàn)時(shí)控制權(quán)。他們擔(dān)心這樣的舉動(dòng)可能會(huì)削弱美國(guó)捍衛(wèi)朝鮮的承諾。

Hong Jun-pyo is the leader of the Liberty Korea Party. He recently said that "return of OPCON is basically disbanding the Korea-U.S. military alliance."

自由韓國(guó)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人洪準(zhǔn)杓(Hong Jun-pyo)近日表示：“韓國(guó)重掌戰(zhàn)時(shí)指揮權(quán)基本上就是瓦解韓美軍事聯(lián)盟。”

Some also have concerns that such a move would be seen as a sign of disagreement between South Korea and the U.S. Kelly said that is "what the North Koreans have wanted for a long time."

有人還擔(dān)心此舉會(huì)被視為韓美兩國(guó)之間產(chǎn)生分歧的跡象。凱利稱(chēng)這是“朝鮮長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直想要看到的結(jié)果。”

Wartime operational control was to be handed over to South Korea in 2015. But the government of then-president Park Geun-hye and the U.S. decided in 2014 to postpone the transfer to 2020 or later. The deal now depends on South Korea gaining necessary operational abilities.

2015年戰(zhàn)時(shí)指揮權(quán)被移交給了韓國(guó)。但是時(shí)任總統(tǒng)樸槿惠統(tǒng)治下的韓國(guó)政府和美國(guó)在2014年決定將移交推遲到至少2020年。這項(xiàng)協(xié)議目前取決于韓國(guó)是否贏得必要的作戰(zhàn)能力。

Some experts consider basing the decision on South Korea's capabilities good for the U.S.-South Korea alliance. They say it puts more responsibility on South Korea for its own defense.

一些專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為，這項(xiàng)決定基于韓國(guó)的軍事能力對(duì)韓美聯(lián)盟有利。他們表示，它賦予了韓國(guó)更多自我防御的責(zé)任。

Pinkston said that, without discussions about a transfer of OPCON, South Korea would have no reason to increase its defense capabilities.

平克斯頓表示，如果不是有這些關(guān)于移交戰(zhàn)時(shí)控制權(quán)的討論，韓國(guó)就沒(méi)有理由提高其防御能力。

"South Korea will think we don't have to worry about it because the U.S. will always have OPCON, they will always take care of us, so why should we spend more on our defense budget?" Pinkston said.

平克斯頓表示：“韓國(guó)就會(huì)認(rèn)為，我們不用擔(dān)心，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)將一直擁有戰(zhàn)時(shí)行動(dòng)指揮權(quán)，他們會(huì)一直照顧好我們。所以我們?yōu)槭裁匆趪?guó)防預(yù)算上花更多錢(qián)呢?”

Moon's statements on Thursday appears to be part of that effort. He is promising reforms, including creating a more professional military and increasing national defense spending.

文在寅周四的聲明似乎是這種努力的一部分。他正在承諾改革，包括建立更專(zhuān)業(yè)的軍隊(duì)和增加國(guó)防開(kāi)支。

Some of that spending could be directed to developing new systems, such as South Korea's own missile defense system.

其中一些開(kāi)支可能會(huì)投向開(kāi)發(fā)新系統(tǒng)，例如韓國(guó)自己的導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)。

The country may also seek to launch five military satellites with surveillance and reconnaissance abilities.

該國(guó)可能也會(huì)尋求發(fā)射5顆具備監(jiān)視和偵查能力的軍用衛(wèi)星。

I'm Mario Ritter.

馬里奧·里特報(bào)道。

South Korean President Moon Jae-in says his government is increasing efforts to take back wartime operational control of its military.

Wartime operational control, known as OPCON, describes the U.S.-led command of South Korean military forces in time of war.

The effort comes at a time when tensions between North Korea and the U.S. are very high.

Moon spoke about the issue at an event marking South Korea’s 69th Armed Forces Day [on] Thursday. He said increasing military abilities and reducing dependence on U.S. military power would strengthen the country’s position with the North.

“When the South has wartime operational control, the North will fear us more, and our armed forces will be trusted more,” Moon said.

Robert Kelly is a professor of political science at Pusan National University in South Korea. He thinks such a move might be a way to show independence from the threats exchanged by the U.S. and North Korea.

“I think this might be a way for Moon to separate himself somewhat from the behavior of (U.S. President) Donald Trump in the last month,” Kelly said.

Peacetime control moved to South Korea

The South Korean government took over peacetime command of its military personnel when the country transitioned to democracy.

The South Korean military works closely with the Combined Forces Command and the United Nations Command, led by the U.S. General Vincent Brooks. Brooks also commands more than 28,000 U.S. military forces in Korea.

In wartime, the U.S. commander would take control of South Korean forces. The transfer, however, is not automatic. The South Korean president must first agree to hand over control.

Daniel Pinkston is a security expert with Troy University in Seoul. He said, “In a way, President Moon has control and he has a veto over giving control to the U.S. and giving control to the combined forces command.”

South Koreans have different views on control

Moon and some members of his Democratic Party have supported gaining wartime operational control as an issue of sovereignty. It has also been linked to anti-American feelings in the country.

Conservatives have opposed taking over wartime control. They are concerned that such a move might weaken the U.S. commitment to defend South Korea.

Hong Jun-pyo is the leader of the Liberty Korea Party. He recently said that “return of OPCON is basically disbanding the Korea-U.S. military alliance.”

Some also have concerns that such a move would be seen as a sign of disagreement between South Korea and the U.S. Kelly said that is “what the North Koreans have wanted for a long time.”

Wartime operational control was to be handed over to South Korea in 2015. But the government of then-president Park Geun-hye and the U.S. decided in 2014 to postpone the transfer to 2020 or later. The deal now depends on South Korea gaining necessary operational abilities.

Some experts consider basing the decision on South Korea’s capabilities good for the U.S.-South Korea alliance. They say it puts more responsibility on South Korea for its own defense.

Pinkston said that, without discussions about a transfer of OPCON, South Korea would have no reason to increase its defense capabilities.

“South Korea will think we don’t have to worry about it because the U.S. will always have OPCON, they will always take care of us, so why should we spend more on our defense budget?” Pinkston said.

Moon’s statements on Thursday appears to be part of that effort. He is promising reforms, including creating a more professional military and increasing national defense spending.

Some of that spending could be directed to developing new systems, such as South Korea’s own missile defense system.

The country may also seek to launch five military satellites with surveillance and reconnaissance abilities.

I’m Mario Ritter.

_________________________________________________________________

Words in This Story

personnel –n. people who work for a company, organization or government

automatic –adj. happening without being directed

sovereignty –n. the ability of a country or area to rule itself

disband –v. to end an organization or group

capabilities –n. the ability to do or carry out some kind of activity

surveillance –n. to carefully watch a person, group or area

reconnaissance –n. efforts by a military to gain information about opposing forc