VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：亞洲貨幣貶值 政府能否躲過(guò)危機(jī)?

As Asian Currencies Lose Value, Can Governments Avoid a Crisis?

亞洲貨幣貶值 政府能否躲過(guò)危機(jī)?

Many of Asia's currencies are losing value against the United States dollar this year.

今年亞洲許多貨幣兌美元匯率都在下跌。

But experts say governments are managing the losses better than they did in the past.

但是專(zhuān)家表示，政府比過(guò)去更好地管控了這一損失。

The currencies of China, India, Indonesia and Myanmar all have lost value since January of 2018. The Indian rupee was at a record low against the U.S. dollar in June. And the Chinese yuan lost 3.2 percent in the first half of the year.

自2018年1月以來(lái)，中國(guó)、印度、印尼以及緬甸貨幣都有所貶值。印度盧比在今年6月份兌美元匯率創(chuàng)下了歷史新低。人民幣匯率在上半年下跌了3.2%。

Economists say there are many reasons for this, including possible contagion from financial problems in Turkey. They also say investors are worried about the effects of the trade dispute between the United States and China.

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家表示，這有許多原因，包括土耳其經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題可能蔓延。他們還表示投資者擔(dān)心中美貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的影響。

Next week, China will face additional U.S. tariffs on $16 billion-worth of Chinese products.

下周，中國(guó)價(jià)值160億美元的商品將面臨美國(guó)額外征收的關(guān)稅。

Song Seng Wun is an economist with investment bank CIMB in Singapore. He said, "It's just basically that everything we've worried about now and then sort of converged."

宋誠(chéng)煥(Song Seng Wun)是新加坡聯(lián)昌國(guó)際銀行(CIMB)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家。他表示，“基本上我們時(shí)常擔(dān)心的問(wèn)題都湊到一起了。”

Why are Asian currencies losing value?

亞洲貨幣為何貶值?

Experts say there is no single reason currency exchange values are lower in Asia. Rising oil prices may have affected the Indian rupee for example. Myanmar has had large growth in imported products.

專(zhuān)家表示，亞洲貨幣匯率貶值并不是單一原因造成的。例如，石油價(jià)格不斷上漲可能影響到了印度盧比，而緬甸的進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品大幅增長(zhǎng)。

In Vietnam, Bao Viet Securities, a financial business, said Vietnam's currency has lost value because the value of the currencies of neighboring countries have gone down.

在越南，保越證券(Bao Viet Securities)表示，越南貨幣貶值是因?yàn)猷弴?guó)貨幣貶值。

But it is the fall of Turkey's lira and the possibility that it could bring down other currencies that has caused problems in Asian currency markets, Song said.

但是宋誠(chéng)煥表示，是土耳其貨幣里拉的下跌以及可能拖累其它貨幣給亞洲貨幣市場(chǎng)造成了麻煩。

The continuing trade dispute between the U.S. and China is another reason for the currency problems.

中美之間持續(xù)的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端也是貨幣問(wèn)題的另一個(gè)原因。

Some media reports have said that the U.S.-China trade war has caused investors in India to move away from local stocks and similar assets.

一些媒體報(bào)道稱，中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致印度投資者拋棄本國(guó)股票和類(lèi)似資產(chǎn)。

Maxfield Brown is an expert with the business services company Dezan Shira & Associates. He spoke about the exchange value of Vietnam's currency.

麥克斯菲爾德·布朗(Maxfield Brown)是協(xié)理管理咨詢公司(Dezan Shira & Associates)的一名專(zhuān)家。他談到了越南貨幣的匯率。

"I think there's a number of reasons why it could be going down," he said.

他說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為有很多原因?qū)е略侥县泿刨H值。”

Brown said Vietnamese officials are frightened about recent U.S. and Chinese actions and everyone is being cautious.

布朗表示，越南官員對(duì)中美之間最近采取的行動(dòng)感到害怕，每個(gè)人都持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。”

Learning from mistakes in the past

從過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)

Financial officials of some Asian governments have answered market uncertainty by raising interest rates. Raising rates usually increases the exchange value of a currency.

一些亞洲國(guó)家的財(cái)政官員通過(guò)提高利率來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)市場(chǎng)的不確定性。提高利率通常會(huì)提升貨幣匯率。

Indonesia has raised important interest rates four times in three months. India and the Philippines have also raised rates.

印尼在過(guò)去三個(gè)月里加息了四次。印度和菲律賓也提高了利率。

Asian countries are keeping more foreign currency in their banks and trying to lessen national debts, said Marie Diron. She is a director of Moody's Investor Services in Singapore.

穆迪投資者服務(wù)公司(Moody 's Investors Service)駐新加坡負(fù)責(zé)人瑪麗·迪隆(Marie Diron)表示，亞洲國(guó)家正在加大外匯儲(chǔ)備并試圖降低國(guó)債。

She said actions like raising rates help to control falls in currency values.

她說(shuō)，提高利率等措施有助于控制匯率下跌。

In Vietnam, government officials learned from bad currency decisions in the past and now their answers are "measured," Brown said.

布朗表示，越南政府官員從過(guò)去的不良貨幣決策中吸取了教訓(xùn)，現(xiàn)在他們是“有節(jié)制地”應(yīng)對(duì)。

The French investment bank Narixis said Friday that China will likely take measures to support the economy. These actions should also help calm international financial markets.

法國(guó)外貿(mào)投資銀行(Narixis)周五表示，中國(guó)可能會(huì)采取措施支持經(jīng)濟(jì)。這些舉動(dòng)也有助于穩(wěn)定國(guó)際金融市場(chǎng)。

Most economists agree this is not a time of crisis. Asian currency falls are not a threat to the world's economy, Song said.

大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)同現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有危機(jī)。宋誠(chéng)煥表示，亞洲貨幣貶值不會(huì)對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)構(gòu)成威脅。

I'm Susan Shand.

蘇珊·珊德報(bào)道。