歷年考研英語翻譯2003年

[00:03.49]2003 [00:06.71]Human beings in all times and places [00:09.33]think about their world and wonder at their place in it. [00:13.07]Humans are thoughtful and creative, [00:15.40]possessed of insatiable curiosity. [00:18.29](1) [00:20.81]the environment in which they live, [00:23.13]thus subjecting all other life forms [00:25.14]to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.> [00:28.76]Therefore, it is important to study humans [00:31.19]in all their richness and diversity in a calm [00:33.91]and systematic manner, [00:35.82]with the hope that the knowledge resulting [00:37.80]from such studies can lead humans [00:40.22]to a more harmonious way of living with themselves [00:43.15]and with all other life forms on this planet Earth. [00:46.90]"Anthropology" derives from the Greek words anthropos [00:50.48]"human" and logos "the study of." [00:53.41]By its very name, anthropology encompasses [00:56.33]the study of all humankind. [00:58.84]Anthropology is one of the social sciences. [01:01.87](2) [01:05.19]which seeks to study humans and their endeavors [01:08.42]in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, [01:11.25]and dispassioned manner that natural scientists [01:14.42]use for the study of natural phenomena.> [01:17.54]Social science disciplines include geography, economics, [01:21.47]political science, psychology, and sociology. [01:25.41]Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization [01:29.14]which lies particularly close to anthropology. [01:32.57]All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. [01:36.49]Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline [01:39.93]which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. [01:44.26](3) [01:47.39]combined with a cross-cultural perspective [01:49.69]brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, [01:53.12]makes this study a unique [01:54.73]and distinctly important social science.> [01:57.75]Anthropological analyses rest heavily [02:00.55]upon the concept of culture. [02:02.66]Sir Edward Tylor's formulation of the concept of culture [02:05.89]was one of the great intellectual achievements [02:08.31]of 19th century science. [02:10.63](4) [02:12.44]"...that complex whole which includes belief, art, [02:16.07]morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities [02:20.11]and habits acquired by man as a member of society."> [02:24.04]This insight, so profound in its simplicity, [02:27.28]opened up an entirely new way of perceiving [02:29.80]and understanding human life. [02:32.33]Implicit within Tylor's definition is the concept [02:35.44]that culture is learned, shared, [02:37.76]and patterned behavior. [02:39.68](5) [02:42.81]like the concept of "set" in mathematics, [02:45.64]is an abstract concept [02:47.66]which makes possible immense amounts [02:49.58]of concrete research and understanding.>

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