大學英語自學教程 unit 17

[00:00.00]Unit 17 text A [00:04.70]Panic and Its Effects [00:07.22]恐慌癥及其影響 [00:09.74]One afternoon while she was preparing dinner in her kitchen, [00:13.22]一天下午，32歲的美國家庭主婦安妮’彼得斯 [00:16.69]Anne Peters,a 32-year-old American housewife, [00:19.87]正在廚房做晚飯。 [00:23.04]suddenly had severe pains in her chest accompanied by shortness of breath [00:27.36]突然，她感到一陣劇烈的胸痛，并伴有呼吸困難。 [00:31.69]Frightened by the thought that she was having a heart attack [00:34.77]安妮以為自己得了心臟病， [00:37.85]Anne screamed for help. [00:40.42]她驚恐萬分，尖叫求助。 [00:43.00]Her husband immediately rushed Anne to a nearby hospital [00:46.47]她丈夫馬上把她送到附近的一家醫(yī)院。 [00:49.95]where her pains were diagnosed as having been caused by panic, [00:53.42]在那兒她的疼痛被診斷為是由驚慌引起的， [00:56.89]and not a heart attack. [00:59.12]而不是心臟病發(fā)作。 [01:01.34]More and more Americans nowadays are having panic attacks [01:05.16]現(xiàn)在越來越多的美國人得過和安妮 [01:08.99]like the one experienced by Anne Peters. [01:11.31]一樣的恐慌癥發(fā)作。 [01:13.64]Benjamin Crocker,a psychologist at the University of Southern California [01:17.57]南加利福尼亞大學的心理學家本杰明’克羅克指明說， [01:21.50]reveal that as many as ten million adult Americans have already experienced [01:26.58]多達1000萬的美國成年人一生中得過恐慌癥 [01:31.66]or will experience at least one panic attack in their lifetime. [01:35.90]或至少將得一次。 [01:40.13]Moreover, studles conducted by the National Institute [01:43.31]此外，美國國家心理健康研究所進行的研究揭示， [01:46.50]of Mental Healthin the United States disclose that approximately 1.2 million [01:50.18]大約有120萬美國人最近有過嚴重的、 [01:53.87]adult individualsare currently suffering from severe and recurrent panic attacks. [01:58.79]復發(fā)性的恐慌癥發(fā)作。 [02:03.72]These attacks may last for only a few minutes; [02:06.80]這些恐慌發(fā)作可能只持續(xù)幾分鐘， [02:09.88]some,however,continue for several hours. [02:12.91]但有一些則長達數(shù)小時。 [02:15.94]The symptoms of panic attacks bear such remarkable similarity [02:19.73]恐慌癥發(fā)作的癥狀與心臟病發(fā)作的癥狀非常相似， [02:23.52]to those of heart attacks that many victims believe [02:26.69]以致很多患者都以為 [02:29.86]that they are indeed having a heart attack. [02:32.66]他們真的是心臟病發(fā)作。 [02:35.45]Panic attack victims show the following symptoms: [02:38.84]恐慌癥患者有如下癥狀： [02:42.22]they often become easily frightened [02:45.15]在大多數(shù)人通常不害怕的 [02:48.07]or feel uneasy in situations where people normally would not be afraid; [02:52.54]情況下他們很容易感到恐懼感，不舒服； [02:57.01]they suffer shortness of breath,experience chest pains,a quick heartbeat, [03:02.30]他們呼吸急促，胸口疼痛，心動過速，突然發(fā)抖， [03:07.59]sudden fits of trembling,a feeling that personsand things around them are not real; [03:13.06]并感覺到周圍的事物虛幻不真實； [03:18.53]and most of all,a fear of dying or going crazy. [03:22.36]最主要的，他們有死亡或發(fā)瘋的恐懼感。 [03:26.18]A person seized by a panic attack may show allor as few as four of these symptoms. [03:31.50]恐慌癥發(fā)作時病人可能表現(xiàn)出上述全部或其中四種癥狀。 [03:36.82]There has been a lot of explanations as to the causes of panic attacks. [03:40.70]關于恐慌癥發(fā)作的原因，現(xiàn)已有多種解釋。 [03:44.57]Many claim that psychological stress could be a logical cause, [03:48.61]很多人宣稱心理壓力可能是合乎邏輯的病因， [03:52.65]but as yet, no evidence has been found to support this theory. [03:56.58]但到目前為止，還沒有找到證據(jù)支持這種理論。 [04:00.51]However,studies show that more women than men experience panic attacks [04:04.98]然而，研究表明，得過恐慌癥發(fā)作的女人比男人多 [04:09.44]and people who drink a lot as well as those who use drugsare more likely to suffer attacks. [04:14.42]酗酒都和吸毒者更容易得恐慌癥。 [04:19.40]It is reported that there are at least three signs [04:23.08]據(jù)報道，至少有三個跡象可以表明 [04:26.76]that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attackrather than a heart attack. [04:30.30]一個人得的是恐慌癥而不是心臟病發(fā)作。 [04:33.84]The first is age. [04:36.17]首先是年齡 [04:38.49]People between the ages of 20 and 30 are more often victims of panic attacks [04:43.31]年齡在20歲到30歲之間的人易患此病。 [04:48.13]The second is sex. [04:50.70]第二是性別 [04:53.28]More women suffer from recurrent panic attacks than men. [04:56.61]女人得恐慌癥的比男人多。 [04:59.94]The third is the multiplicity of symptoms. [05:03.52]第三是多種癥狀并存。 [05:07.10]A panic attack victim usually suffersat least [05:10.43]恐慌癥病人發(fā)作時至少 [05:13.76]four of the previously mentioned symptoms, [05:16.58]有以上所談到的四種癥狀， [05:19.40]while a heart attack victim often experiencesonly pain and shortness of breath. [05:23.49]而心臟病發(fā)作的病人往往只感覺到疼痛和呼吸急促。 [05:27.58]It is generally agreed that a panic attackdoes not directly endanger a person's life. [05:32.11]通常認為恐慌癥并不直接危害一個人的生命。 [05:36.64]All the same, it can unnecessarily disrupt a petal's lifeby making him or her [05:41.66]盡管如此，由于患者非常害怕 [05:46.67]so afraid of having a panic attack in a public place that [05:49.94]在公共場合自己的恐慌癥發(fā)作， [05:53.20]he or she may refuse to leave home [05:55.68]以致他們可能拒絕離開家門， [05:58.16]and may eventually become isolated from the rest of society. [06:01.85]最終與社會隔絕，這就毫無必要地擾亂敢他們的生活。 [06:05.53]Dr. Crocker's advice [06:07.90]克羅克博士建議 [06:10.26]to any person who thinks he is suffering from a panic attack is to consult a doctor [06:14.53]任何以為自己得了恐慌癥的人要去看醫(yī)生， [06:18.80]for a medical examination to rule out the possibilities of physical illness first. [06:24.12]作醫(yī)療檢查，以首先排除身體疾病的可能性。 [06:29.43]Once it has been confirmed that he or she is,in fact,suffering from a panic attack, [06:34.15]一旦被確診真的患有恐慌癥， [06:38.86]the victim should seek psychological and medical help. [06:42.14]患者應尋求心理和醫(yī)療的幫助。 [06:45.42]Text B [06:48.37]sleepwalking--Fact or Fancy ? [06:51.10]夢游——事實還是幻想？ [06:53.83]There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers. [06:56.71]關于夢游者的故事層出不窮。 [06:59.58]Persons have been said to climb on roofs,solve mathematical problemscompose music, [07:03.76]據(jù)說夢游者能爬上屋頂，解數(shù)學題，作曲， [07:07.94]walk through windows,and commit murder in their sleep. [07:10.82]穿窗入室，睡夢中行兇殺人。 [07:13.71]In Revere,Massachusetts, [07:15.77]在美國馬薩諸塞州的里維爾市， [07:17.84]a hundred policemen searched for a lost boywho left his home in his sleep [07:21.56]百樂警察尋找一個睡著時離家出走的男孩， [07:25.28]and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living roomwith [07:28.61]五小時后他在一個陌生人家起居室的沙發(fā)上醒來， [07:31.94]no idea how he had got there. [07:34.13]茫然不解自己是怎么到那兒去的。 [07:36.31]At the University of Iowa, [07:38.49]據(jù)報道， [07:40.67]a student was reported to have the habit of getting upin the middle of the night [07:43.91]衣阿華大學的一個學生有午夜起床， [07:47.15]and walking three-quar-ters of a mile to the Iowa River. [07:50.02]步行四分之三英里的路到衣阿華河， [07:52.89]He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed. [07:55.91]在那兒游個泳，然后再回到房間睡覺的習慣。 [07:58.93]An expert on sleep in America claims that he has never seen a sleepwalker [08:02.61]美國一位睡眠專家聲稱他從沒見過一個夢游者。 [08:06.30]He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man, [08:08.96]據(jù)說他比其他任何人都更了解睡眠， [08:11.62]and during the last thirty--five years [08:13.95]在過去的35年里因觀察別人睡眠 [08:16.27]has lost a lot of sleepwatching people sleep. [08:18.80]而犧牲了自己相當多的睡眠時間。 [08:21.32]Says he,"of course,I know that there are sleepwalkers [08:24.54]他說：“當然，因為在報紙上讀到過報道 [08:27.77]because I have read about them in the newspapers. [08:30.05]所以我知道有夢游者。 [08:32.34]But none of my sleepers ever walked, [08:34.47]但從沒有一個我的實驗對象睡著時夢游。 [08:36.60]and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, [08:39.77]如果我要登廣告征求夢游者作實驗， [08:42.95]I doubt that I'd get many takers." [08:45.23]我很懷疑我能否找到很多人應征?！? [08:47.52]Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality. [08:50.44]然而，夢游仍是一種科學的現(xiàn)實。 [08:53.37]It is one of those strange phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic [08:56.61]它是一種奇怪的現(xiàn)象，有時幾乎令人難以置信。 [08:59.85]What is certain about sleep walkingis that it is a symptom of emotional disturbance, [09:03.27]關于夢游，確定的一點是，它是一種情感波動不安的癥狀， [09:06.69]and that the only way to cure [09:08.57]唯一的治愈方法便是 [09:10.45]it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it. [09:13.18]去除煩惱和焦慮這兩個病因。 [09:15.91]Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more commonthan is generally supposed. [09:19.39]醫(yī)生說，夢游癥比人們通常認為的要常見得多。 [09:22.86]Many sleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, [09:25.94]很多夢游者不尋求醫(yī)生的幫助，因而從不被列入記錄， [09:29.03]which means that an accurate count can never be made. [09:31.51]這就意味著永遠也不可能有一份準確的記錄。 [09:33.99]The question is:Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep? [09:37.31]問題是，夢游者實際上是清醒的還是仍在睡覺呢？ [09:40.62]Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half. [09:44.54]科學家們已經(jīng)確定，他處于半夢半醒之間。 [09:48.46]Dr.Zelda Teplitz who made a ten-year study of the subject, says, " [09:51.18]就此做了10年研究的澤爾達’泰普里茲大夫說： [09:53.89]The sleepwalker is awake, in the muscular area, [09:56.17]夢游者肌肉方面是清醒的， [09:58.44]partially asleep in the sensory area. [10:00.96]感官方面則處于部分睡眠狀態(tài)?！? [10:03.48]"In otber words,a person can walk in his sleep,move around,and do other things [10:07.71]換句話說，夢游者睡著時能行走，各處走動，做事， [10:11.94]but he does not think about what he is doing. [10:14.06]但并不思考正在做的事情。 [10:16.18]What are the chances of a sleepwalker committing a murder [10:18.80]夢游者在睡眠中殺人 [10:21.43]or doing something else extraordinary in his sleep? [10:23.71]或干出某種別的離奇的事的可能性有多大？ [10:26.00]Dr. Teplitz says, [10:27.92]泰普里茲大夫說： [10:29.84]"Most. people have such great inhibitions against murder or violence [10:32.87]“很多人對殺人或暴力行為有很強的抑制力，所以如果沒人把他們弄醒 [10:35.90]that they would awaken if someone didn' t wake them up,' [10:38.24]他們自己盡職盡責會醒的。” [10:40.57]In general, authorities on sleepwalking agree with her. [10:43.30]一般說來，夢游方面的權(quán)威們同意她的說法。 [10:46.03]They think that peopie will not do anything in their sleepthat [10:48.76]他們認為，人們不會在睡眠中 [10:51.49]is against their own moral standard. [10:53.56]做違背自己道德標準的事。 [10:55.62]As for the publicized cases, Dr.Teplitz points out [10:58.94]至于那些廣為人知的例子，泰普里茲大夫說： [11:02.26]Sleep.walking itself is dramatic...sleepwalkers can always find an audience [11:05.94]“夢游本身就富有戲劇性，夢游者總是能找到一個聽眾。 [11:09.62]I think that some of their tall tales get exaggerated in the telling. [11:12.59]我覺得他們講述某些故事時，把它們夸大得荒誕不經(jīng)。” [11:15.55]"In her own records of case histories, [11:17.58]在她自己所記錄的案例中， [11:19.60]there is not one sleepwalkerwho ever got beyond his own front door. [11:22.68]沒有一個夢游者常能超越自家房門以外。 [11:25.77]To protect themselves,some sleepwalkers have been known to tie themselves in bed, [11:29.04]為了保護自己，據(jù)說一些夢游者把自己綁在床上， [11:32.32]lock their doors,hide the keys, bolt the window, [11:35.21]鎖好大門，藏起鑰匙，閂上窗戶， [11:38.10]and take all sorts of measures to wake themselves if they should get out of bed. [11:41.18]如果他們真的下了床，也會用各種辦法將自己弄醒。 [11:44.26]Curiously enough, [11:45.84]十分奇怪， [11:47.42]they have an unusual way of avoidlng their own trapswhen they sleepwalk, [11:50.50]他們夢游時有非同尋常的方法，能躲過這些防范措施， [11:53.59]so none of their tricks seem to work very well. [11:55.96]因此這些竅門幾乎均不奏效。 [11:58.34]Some sleepwalkers talk in their sleep loudly enough [12:00.72]有些夢游者睡著里大聲說話， [12:03.10]to wake someone elsein the family [12:04.92]聲音大得能把家人吵醒， [12:06.75]who can then shake them back to their senses. [12:08.93]家人就能把他們晃醒，使他們恢復理智。 [12:11.12]Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit. [12:13.64]夢游的孩子通常在長大后這個習慣自然消失。 [12:16.16]In many adults, too, thecondition is more or less temporary. [12:19.12]對很多大人來說，發(fā)生夢游的情形或多或少是暫時的。 [12:22.09]If it happens often, however, the sleepwalker should seek help. [12:25.06]但如果這事頻頻發(fā)生，夢游者還是應該尋求醫(yī)生的幫助。 [12:28.04]Although sleepwalking itself is nothing to become alarmed about, [12:30.86]盡管夢游行為本身并沒有什么驚恐不安的， [12:33.68]the problems that cause the sleepwalking may be very serious. [12:36.35]但引發(fā)夢游的問題卻可能非常嚴重。

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