銀行業(yè)務之 企業(yè)信貸　Corporate Credit

銀行業(yè)務之 企業(yè)信貸　Corporate Credit

企業(yè)信貸（corporate credit）對一個企業(yè)的發(fā)展十分重要，它可以保護企業(yè)主自身的信用額度（personal credit line）免受企業(yè)債務的壓力，還可以幫助企業(yè)貸到發(fā)展所需的資金（take out loans）。

開始

一般的公司形式是有限責任公司（limited liability corporation，即LLC），要申請信貸就需要有相關許可證和企業(yè)證明文件。最重要的就是聯(lián)邦雇主身份識別號（Federal Employer Identification Number，即FEIN），還有營業(yè)執(zhí)照、銷售稅號（sales tax numbers）和法人身份證件號。

⊙I want to protect my personal credit line from liability.我不想用個人信貸借債。

⊙To cover operating costs, we'll have to take out a loan.為了支付營運成本，我們不得不貸款。

⊙We've applied to set up as an LLC.

我們已經(jīng)申請成立一個有限責任公司。

⊙Do I need a business license?

我需要拿營業(yè)執(zhí)照嗎？

⊙What kinds of permits do I need to apply for?我都需要申請哪些許可證？

⊙We have registered with the appropriate places and already received our Federal Employer Identification Number.

我們已經(jīng)注冊了合適的地點并且已經(jīng)收到了我們的聯(lián)邦雇主識別號碼。

⊙Operating a business can be a big liability for personal credit.

經(jīng)營企業(yè)對個人信用構成了很大的負擔。

⊙We need to research the different options available to us.我們需要調(diào)查各種可行性。

開賬戶

以企業(yè)的名義在一些聲譽良好的金融機構開戶，通常會得到一個鄧氏編碼（Data Universal Numbering System ID number，即DUNS）。申請通常會在7天內(nèi)拿到。

⊙I'd like to open a bank account please.我想開一個賬戶。

⊙Which financial institution will you do your banking at?你在哪個金融機構存錢？

⊙It will take about seven days from your application to get your DUNS.從申請到拿到你們的鄧氏編碼大約要7天時間。

貸款方

借貸方總是傾向于貸款給新的企業(yè)。在與借貸方洽談時，務必理解貸款條件和條款（terms and conditions）、利率和費用（rates and fees）、是否是年付費（annual charges）、是否提前還款，還有罰金（penalties）等。

⊙I found a list of potential lenders from an Internet search.我通過網(wǎng)絡搜尋到一個具備實力的借款方清單。

⊙We are willing to lend to relatively new corporations.我們愿意貸款給比較新的企業(yè)。

⊙What are the rates and fees?利息和費用是多少？

⊙Are there annual charges?有年費嗎？

⊙What kind of penalties are we subject to?我們涉及哪些罰金？

⊙Tell me more about the terms and conditions.多給我講一講有關條件和條款。

⊙Have we gotten the paperwork filled out yet?我們是否已經(jīng)填好了資料？

由小到大

通過小額的貸款建立自己的信譽（build your reputation），在未來的貸款中你將獲得更優(yōu)惠的費率。即便是小額貸款也要準時償還（repay the loans），將你的信用評級保持在70～80（優(yōu)秀），總有一天你會發(fā)現(xiàn)看似無關緊要的小信譽積累到一定程度就會產(chǎn)生意想不到的效果。

A：Do we fall in the range of good credit?

B：Yeah, we're currently running a credit score of about 68. We can improve that over time. The better record we have of paying back our loans on time, the more our credit will grow.

A：我們進入優(yōu)等信用了嗎？

B：是啊，我們現(xiàn)在的信用評分大概是68，我們以后還能改善。我們償還欠款的記錄越好，信用就增加越多。

⊙What is our corporate credit rating?我們的企業(yè)信用評級如何？

⊙How can we improve our credit rating?

我們怎么才能提高我們的信用評級？

總結(jié)

中國人有句老話叫“無債一身輕”。在現(xiàn)代商業(yè)世界中，反倒是適當?shù)馁J款可以減輕企業(yè)資金壓力，并為發(fā)展提供動力。在申請企業(yè)貸款時，要提供足夠的企業(yè)資質(zhì)證明，選擇實力較雄厚的金融機構作為信貸方。無論貸款額大小，按時還貸永遠是第一位的。在這個誠信第一的社會里，為小的利益喪失了信譽將寸步難行。反之，好的信譽無論在什么環(huán)境下都可能得到最多的資源幫助。

Words　單詞表

eligible有資格的

financial財政的，金融的，財務的

improve提高

liability責任，債務

license許可證，執(zhí)照

offer提供，報價

option選項

penalty罰金

permit允許，許可

protect保護，防護

register注冊，登記

service服務

stressful壓力重重的，緊張的

Phrases　短語表

be a liability for有責任

cover costs收回成本，平衡成本

credit limit信貸額度，信貸限額

credit rating信用評級

credit report信用調(diào)查報告

credit score信用積分，信譽記錄

establish credit建立信用

favorable term有利條件，優(yōu)惠條件

financial institution金融機構

be just getting started剛剛起步，才開始

line of credit信貸額度

open an account開戶

operate a business經(jīng)營企業(yè)

operating cost運營成本

personal credit個人信用，個人信貸

take out a loan獲得貸款，借貸

terms and conditions條款和條件

to begin with首先，第一

whether or not無論，不管

實景對話1

A：Excuse me, can you help to answer a few questions for me?I'd like to open a bank account. We've applied to set up as an LLC.What kinds of permits do I need to apply for?Do I need a business license?What does it take to open a bank account so I can start growing my corporate credit?

B：Have you received your FEIN for your business yet?

A：Yes. We have registered with the appropriate places and have already received our Federal Employer Identification Number.

B：Well, if you brought all the necessary paperwork, I can help you open an account now.

A：Great！How long will it take before we are able to get our Data Universal Numbering System ID number?Can we apply for a loan from your bank right away?

B：It will take about seven days from your application to get your DUNS. We are willing to lend to relatively new corporations. We can help you apply for a loan as soon as you receive your number.

A：Tell me more about the terms and conditions for borrowing as a new business. What are the rates and fees?Are there annual charges?What kind of penalties are we subject to?

B：We'll have to do a credit report on your company. If you wait just a moment, I can look it up for you.

A：What's our corporate credit rating now?Do we fall in the range of good credit?

B：You're currently running a credit score of about 68. You can improve that over time. The better record you have of paying back your loans on time, the more your credit will grow.

A：打擾你一下，你能否幫我解答幾個問題？我想開一個銀行賬戶，我們已經(jīng)申請了一個有限責任公司，我要申請賬戶的話需要哪些許可證？我要拿經(jīng)營執(zhí)照嗎?怎樣才能通過開銀行賬戶增加企業(yè)信用？

B：你有沒有收到給你企業(yè)的聯(lián)邦雇主識別號碼？

A：是的，我們已經(jīng)登記了合適的場所并已經(jīng)收到了我們的聯(lián)邦雇主識別號。

B：那好，如果你帶了所需資料，我現(xiàn)在可以幫你開一個賬戶。

A：好極了，我們需要多長時間拿到鄧氏編碼？我們立刻就能從銀行貸款嗎？

B：從申請到得到鄧氏編碼需要大約7天時間。我們很愿意貸款給較新的企業(yè)。

你一拿到號碼我們就幫你盡快貸到款。

A：請多給我講一講你們給新的企業(yè)貸款的條款和條件。利率和費用是多少？

有年費嗎？我們對應的罰金有哪些？

B：我們必須先調(diào)查你的公司信譽。請稍等片刻，我可以幫你查看一下。

A：我們的企業(yè)信貸評級如何？我們進入優(yōu)等信用了嗎？

B：你們目前的信貸評分大概是68分。你們以后能夠提高。你們償還貸款越準時，你們的記錄就越好，信譽也會隨之增長。

實景對話2

A：I'm just getting started with my business, but the financial part of it is really stressful. Operating a business can be a big liability for personal credit.To cover operating costs, we'll have to take out a loan, but I want to protect my personal credit line from liability.

B：Not to worry. All you have to do is establish corporate credit, and then you can use your business to take out a loan.

A：Is that right?How easy is it to get a loan?

B：Usually it's not too difficult. But whether or not you get favorable terms will depend on your credit rating. The better your credit rating is, the better your options are and the easier it is to get a loan.

A：That makes sense. But how can we find out what our corporate credit rating is to begin with?And if it's low, then how can we improve it?

B：Those are very important questions to ask. You can usually find out what your credit score is quite easily by asking for a credit report. Often financialinstitutions will offer this as a free service.Which financial institution will you do your banking at?

A：I'm not sure. We need to research the different options available to us.I guess I will choose the one that gives us the best terms and conditions.

A：我的生意才剛剛起步，但在財力方面確實是壓力重重。經(jīng)營一個企業(yè)對我的個人信用構成了很大的負擔。為了能夠支付運營成本，我們不得不貸款，但是我不想用個人信貸借債。

B：別著急。你要做的只是設立一個企業(yè)信用，然后就可以用企業(yè)信用借貸。

A：那行嗎？容易貸到款嗎？

B：通常情況下不難。能否得到好的條件取決于你的信貸評級。信貸評級越好，選擇就越好，而且越容易貸到款。

A：這很有道理。開始的時候怎么才能找出我們企業(yè)信貸評級呢？如果評低了，怎么才能提高呢？

B：這些都是非常重要的問題。你可以通過申請一個信譽報告很方便地得到你們的信譽評分。通常金融機構都免費提供這樣的服務。你在哪些金融機構存款？

A：我不肯定。我們需要調(diào)查各種可行性。我想我會挑一個給我們最優(yōu)厚條件和條款的機構。