思馬得英語100個句子學(xué)英語語法（39）：虛擬語氣在某些從句中的用法
39.虛擬語氣在某些從句中的用法
<例句>
I wish I knew what was going to happen.
但愿我知道將要發(fā)生什么事情。
<語法分析>
在某些動詞后面的賓語從句中需要用虛擬語氣，在wish后的賓語從句中謂語主要有兩種形式，即用過去式表示現(xiàn)在情況和用相當(dāng)于過去完成時的形式表示過去的情況。此外在would rather (sooner), suggest, demand, insist和ask等詞后面的賓語從句總也包含有虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣還可在主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中和某些狀語從句中使用。謂語有時用虛擬語氣，特別是在由as if, as though等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句里，謂語形式和一般虛擬語氣差不多，表示現(xiàn)在的情況時用過去虛擬語氣，表示過去的情況時用完成形式。
<觸類旁通>
(1) I wish I could help you.
但愿我能幫你。
語法分析：wish后的賓語從句中用過去式表示現(xiàn)在的情況。
(2) I wish I had listened to your advice.
我要是聽你的勸告就好了。
語法分析：用相當(dāng)于過去完成時的形式表示過去的情況。
(3) I would rather you told me the truth.
我寧愿你給我講真話。
語法分析：would rather [sooner]后面的賓語從句謂語多用過去式的形式，表示現(xiàn)在和將來的情況。
(4) He advices that I go at once.
他建議我馬上去。
語法分析：某些詞后面的從句多用虛擬語氣。
(5) It is important that she work hard.
她努力工作是很重要的。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在主語從句中。
(6) My suggestion is that we take the 7:00 train.
我的建議是坐七點的火車。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在表語從句中。
(7) They expressed the wish that they be given more free time.
他們希望給他們更多的空閑時間。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在同位語從句中。
(8) You look as if you didn't care.
你看上去好像不在乎的樣子。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在狀語從句中。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
(1) My mother wishes that she _____[go] to Japan.
(2) Suppose his father _____[turn] him out of doors.
(3) He asks that he _____[give] an oppprtunity to explain her case.
(4) It is essential that this mission not _____[fail].
(5) My idea was that they _____[lock up] the house.
(6) She behaves as if she _____[own] the place.
(7) It is not as though we _____[be] poor.
<例句>
I wish I knew what was going to happen.
但愿我知道將要發(fā)生什么事情。
<語法分析>
在某些動詞后面的賓語從句中需要用虛擬語氣，在wish后的賓語從句中謂語主要有兩種形式，即用過去式表示現(xiàn)在情況和用相當(dāng)于過去完成時的形式表示過去的情況。此外在would rather (sooner), suggest, demand, insist和ask等詞后面的賓語從句總也包含有虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣還可在主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中和某些狀語從句中使用。謂語有時用虛擬語氣，特別是在由as if, as though等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句里，謂語形式和一般虛擬語氣差不多，表示現(xiàn)在的情況時用過去虛擬語氣，表示過去的情況時用完成形式。
<觸類旁通>
(1) I wish I could help you.
但愿我能幫你。
語法分析：wish后的賓語從句中用過去式表示現(xiàn)在的情況。
(2) I wish I had listened to your advice.
我要是聽你的勸告就好了。
語法分析：用相當(dāng)于過去完成時的形式表示過去的情況。
(3) I would rather you told me the truth.
我寧愿你給我講真話。
語法分析：would rather [sooner]后面的賓語從句謂語多用過去式的形式，表示現(xiàn)在和將來的情況。
(4) He advices that I go at once.
他建議我馬上去。
語法分析：某些詞后面的從句多用虛擬語氣。
(5) It is important that she work hard.
她努力工作是很重要的。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在主語從句中。
(6) My suggestion is that we take the 7:00 train.
我的建議是坐七點的火車。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在表語從句中。
(7) They expressed the wish that they be given more free time.
他們希望給他們更多的空閑時間。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在同位語從句中。
(8) You look as if you didn't care.
你看上去好像不在乎的樣子。
語法分析：虛擬語氣可用在狀語從句中。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
(1) My mother wishes that she _____[go] to Japan.
(2) Suppose his father _____[turn] him out of doors.
(3) He asks that he _____[give] an oppprtunity to explain her case.
(4) It is essential that this mission not _____[fail].
(5) My idea was that they _____[lock up] the house.
(6) She behaves as if she _____[own] the place.
(7) It is not as though we _____[be] poor.
