<一> 例句
The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child.
橡子太重小孩拿不動(dòng)。
<二> 語(yǔ)法分析
不定式或短語(yǔ)做句子的狀語(yǔ),可以用來(lái)表示目的、結(jié)果、程度、原因等。此外,有很多成分可以充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),如副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞、詞組、符合結(jié)構(gòu)及從句等。用不定式或補(bǔ)丁是段譽(yù)修飾整個(gè)句子時(shí),可以稱之為句子狀語(yǔ)。用某些副詞來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子,則稱之為句子副詞。
<三> 觸類旁通
(1)The test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating.
考題都保密,以防止作弊。
語(yǔ)法分析:不定式作狀語(yǔ),表示目的。
(2)We must go cautiously, to be sure.
的確,我們得小心謹(jǐn)慎。
語(yǔ)法分析:不定式修飾整個(gè)句子,可以稱之為句子狀語(yǔ)。
(3)She behaved extremely badly.
她表現(xiàn)很不好。
語(yǔ)法分析:副詞主要就是作狀語(yǔ),可以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。
(4)Bicycling is a good exercise; moreover, it doesn't pollute the air.
騎自行車是很不錯(cuò)的運(yùn)動(dòng),還不會(huì)污染空氣。
語(yǔ)法分析:許多副詞可起到連詞的作用,使得句子與上下文聯(lián)系更緊密,從而使句子更為流暢。
(5)I am so sorry for what I said to you.
我為我對(duì)你說(shuō)的話而道歉。
語(yǔ)法分析:介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因以及其他情況。
(6)I am used to going about alone.
我習(xí)慣于獨(dú)來(lái)獨(dú)往。
語(yǔ)法分析:與形容詞同形的副詞,稱為副詞小品詞,它們多數(shù)都可以作狀語(yǔ)。
<四> 鞏固練習(xí)
1. You are far too clever have done that.
2. I can send a car over fetch you.
3. She [kind] waited for me.
4. She went to party and did not study her lesson.
5. There were no news; she went on hopping.
6. my opinion, the scheme is unsound.
7. I am going thre plane.
8. He had pains his back all the time.
答案:1. to 2. to 3. kindly 4. therefore
5. nevertheless 6 In 7. by 8. in