CNN News:阻止西非埃博拉疫情傳播任務(wù)困難重重

In West Africa, this year`s outbreak of Ebola virus is merciless. That`s the world from the United Nations. Liberia has been hit the hardest. The hemorrhagic fever has killed at least 1200 people there. Liberia`s finance minister says his country`s at war with an enemy it can`t see. The nation`s health care system can`t handle it. Efforts to stop the virus from spreading aren`t working.

今年在西非國(guó)家爆發(fā)的埃博拉疫情是殘酷無(wú)情的，這些是聯(lián)合國(guó)成員國(guó)。利比亞受創(chuàng)最嚴(yán)重，出血熱疾病造成了1200人死亡。利比亞財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)表示他的國(guó)家正在經(jīng)受一場(chǎng)沒(méi)有硝煙的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。利比亞衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)不能控制疫情，控制疫情傳播的工作也沒(méi)有取得明顯成效。

Here`s the way it`s supposed to work: for every Ebola patient healthcare workers are supposed to keep track of every single person who`s had close contact with him. If one of these contacts gets sick, he`s supposed to be isolated. Then all of his contacts are followed until there are no more sick patients. It`s called contact tracing, and it`s pretty simple, but it`s powerful, it helped put a stop to SARS and to smallpox. But in many parts of West Africa, contact tracing is breaking down.

這是對(duì)支撐其工作的方法：每位治療埃博拉病人的醫(yī)護(hù)人員都要記錄下有親密接觸的人方便追蹤，如果接觸過(guò)的人感染病毒以后就可以直接隔離。然后所有與患者有親密接觸的人都要接受調(diào)查，直到再也找不出感染人群。這種方法叫做接觸追蹤，方法非常簡(jiǎn)單，但作用卻非常強(qiáng)大，這個(gè)方法曾經(jīng)幫助組織了“非典”和天花病毒的傳播。但是在西非很多地方，這種最總方法卻無(wú)從下手。

These slums are a big reason why. In many parts of West Africa, streets have no names, people have no addresses, there may not be maps. That means some contacts never get found.

大量的貧民窟是這種方法不能施展的原因。在西非很多地方，街道都沒(méi)有名字，人們沒(méi)有居住地址，可能還沒(méi)有地圖，這就意味著一些接觸人群并不可能被發(fā)現(xiàn)。

Here`s why that`s such a problem. A missed contacts can spread Ebola to other contacts and they`ll be missed, too. That`s why the CDC says even one missed contact can keep the outbreak going.

原因是，一個(gè)錯(cuò)過(guò)的接觸者就可能感染其他接觸者，然后他們可能都找不到，這也就是為什么CDC表示說(shuō)即使一個(gè)錯(cuò)過(guò)的接觸者就足以讓埃博拉病毒繼續(xù)傳播。

By now in West Africa, there are entire chains of transmission that are invisible: the computer databases that keep track of all these cases and contacts, often they are not in such great shape. One disease detective from the CDC working in Sierra Leone, she says the database there was in shambles. The CDC has designed special software to keep track of these cases and these contacts and they are trying to implement it in West Africa, but even that hasn`t gone smoothly. All of these is starting to add up, and it has the World Health Organization really concerned.

目前西非有一個(gè)隱形的傳輸鏈，就是計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)所有病例和接觸者儲(chǔ)存下了記錄資料，但是常常效果工作不是很有效。在塞拉利昂CDC工作的一名疾病偵探表示數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)資料一團(tuán)糟。CDC已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)了特殊的軟件來(lái)跟蹤這些病例和接觸者，他們正在試圖在西非成功展開(kāi)追蹤工作，但是工作進(jìn)程并不順利。所有這些都已經(jīng)開(kāi)始展開(kāi)工作，世界衛(wèi)生組織也賦予了高度重視。