歷屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng)介紹:第3任總統(tǒng) 托馬斯·杰斐遜

Thomas Jefferson was the third President of theUnited States. He was born in 1743 in Virginia anddied on July 4, 1826. He was the third of ten childrenand grew up on his father's 5,000-acre plantation.He studied law at college. Jefferson is frequentlylisted as one of the USA's greatest Presidents. Hewas also one of its most powerful advocates ofpersonal freedom and envisioned a great "Empire ofLiberty".

托馬斯·杰斐遜是美國(guó)第三任總統(tǒng)。他1743年出生在美國(guó)弗吉尼亞州，1826年7月4日逝世。杰斐遜在十個(gè)兄弟姐妹中排行第三。他從小在父親經(jīng)營(yíng)的5000畝種植園中成長(zhǎng)。他在大學(xué)學(xué)的是法律。將杰斐遜被列入美國(guó)最偉大總統(tǒng)的行列。杰斐遜強(qiáng)烈支持人身自由，他還設(shè)想過(guò)一個(gè)偉大的“自由帝國(guó)”。

Jefferson became a lawyer in 1767 and had a great love of books. He was a very eloquent correspondent using the written word, but was no public speaker. At the age of 33, Jeffersondrafted the Declaration of Independence. In the following years, he labored to make its words a reality in Virginia. Most notably, he wrote a bill establishing religious freedom, which became lawin 1786.

杰斐遜非常熱愛(ài)書(shū)籍，并于1767年成了律師。他能熟練地使用書(shū)面語(yǔ)，是位雄辯的記者，但他不是演說(shuō)家。在杰斐遜33歲時(shí)起草了《獨(dú)立宣言》。他在接下來(lái)的幾年里到弗吉尼亞踐行《獨(dú)立宣言》。更難能可貴的是，他建立了一項(xiàng)宗教自由法案。該法案于1786年成為美國(guó)法律。

Jefferson succeeded Benjamin Franklin as minister to France in 1785. His sympathy for the French Revolution led him into conflict with the party of the Federalists. He gradually assumed leadership of the Republicans and became Vice President in 1796. In 1801, he became America's third President and served from 1801 to 1809. He advocated tax cuts and presided over the abolition of the slave trade in 1807.

杰斐遜于1785年繼本杰明·富蘭克林之后，擔(dān)任了駐法外交部長(zhǎng)。他同情法國(guó)大革命，并陷入了與聯(lián)邦黨人的沖突。他后來(lái)逐漸成為了共和黨人領(lǐng)袖，并于1796年被推選為美國(guó)副總統(tǒng)。他于1801年被選為美國(guó)第三任總統(tǒng)，任期自1801年至1809年。杰斐遜支持減稅，并于1807年主持廢除奴隸貿(mào)易。

While in Office, Jefferson purchased the vast Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 and authorized expeditions to explore the new west. He also established the University of Virginiaand the US Military Academy at West Point. He is remembered by the Jefferson Memorial in Washington and as one of the four sculpted presidents on the Mount Rushmore Memorial. Healso appears on US postage stamps.

1803年杰斐遜任職期間，他從法國(guó)買(mǎi)下了路易斯安那的大片土地，并允許考察隊(duì)在這探索。杰斐遜還成立了美國(guó)弗吉尼亞大學(xué)和西點(diǎn)軍校。為紀(jì)念他，人們?cè)谌A盛頓成立了杰斐遜紀(jì)念館，做了一尊他的雕像，擺放在拉什莫爾紀(jì)念館中，該紀(jì)念館中擺著四位總統(tǒng)的雕像，杰斐遜便是其中之一。此外人們還將他的肖像影印在美國(guó)郵票上。