世界節(jié)假日博覽 第138期:世界土著人民國際日

August the 9th is International Day of the World's Indigenous People. It is a time for the world to understand the problems of indigenous peoples around the world. The day was created by the United Nations General Assembly in 1994. It wanted to strengthen international cooperation to help indigenous people. In particular, in the areas of culture, education, health, human rights and economic development. It also wanted to ensure their survival as many indigenous cultures were in danger of dying out. Many indigenous people today are under threat from globalization. Multicultural companies in search of profits are destroying their habitats. Their culture is being weakened as they move into cities in search of work.

每年的8月9日為世界土著人民國際日。了解全球土著居民遇到的問題。該節(jié)日是在1994年聯合國大會設立的。旨在加強國際合作，幫助土著居民。特別是在發(fā)展土著文化、教育、健康、人權以及經濟上。許多土著文化瀕臨消失，該節(jié)日也要保證它們的生存環(huán)境。當今，許多土著居民因全球化而遭受威脅。跨國公司為謀求利益破壞他們的原始環(huán)境。許多土著人為尋找工作遷入大城市，土著文化遭受打擊。


An indigenous people is any ethnic group who have inhabited a geographic region for hundreds or thousands of years. One expert said an indigenous people is “a politically underprivileged group, who share a similar ethnic identity that is different to the nation in power, and who have been an ethnic entity in the locality before the present ruling nation took over power“. The best-known examples of indigenous peoples are the Aborigines in Australia, the Inuit in the Arctic regions, and the Zulu in South Africa. Estimates are that there are 300 to 350 million indigenous people in the world today. This is just under six per cent of the total world population. This includes over 5,000 different people in more than 72 countries.

土著人指少數民族種群在某一地區(qū)生活數百或數千年。有專家稱土著人缺少政治地位，他們的種族認同與當權者不同，而在形成統(tǒng)治階層之前，他們在當地已形成了自己的種族群體。最著名的有澳大利亞土著居民、北極地區(qū)的因紐特人以及南非的祖魯人。預計當今全球有3-3.5億土著居民。不到世界總人口的6%。