【BBC紀(jì)錄片】凡爾賽宮 第40期：走出陰霾才能重新振作

Louis took this

路易始終難以走出

amateurishattempton his life very badly.

這場非職業(yè)刺殺給他帶來的的陰影

Although his doctors promised a full recovery,

盡管御醫(yī)保證他能痊愈

he was convinced that this was the end of him.

他卻堅(jiān)信自己命數(shù)將盡

It's a flesh wound, the mildest of cuts, effectively,

他只是受了點(diǎn)皮肉之傷 而且傷口很淺

but it has a disproportionate effect on Louis XV.

但這輕傷卻帶給了路易十五沉重的打擊

He goes into a very deep depression after this,

從這以后 他變得終日郁郁寡歡

because he feels that,

因?yàn)樗杏X到

you know, he has become, instead of the Well-Beloved,

他從一個(gè)萬民愛戴的君王

he's become the Well-Hated.

淪落成了一個(gè)人人憎惡的昏君

Rather amusingly,an old marshal comes along更令人好笑的是 一位老軍官過來

and asks him to cough, spit, and piss,

讓他咳嗽 吐唾沫和尿尿

and he says, "Well, you're OK, my lad.

然后他說 你沒事的伙計(jì)

There's nothing important been touched.

一點(diǎn)也不嚴(yán)重

But that's not, of course, the way Louis XV sees it.

但這可不是路易十五的看法The psychological shock of one of his own subjects attacking him.

對臣民襲擊他一事的精神沖擊

This situation is the culmination

他認(rèn)為這是臣民對他

of his lack of virtue,

缺乏德行這一積怨的爆發(fā)

so he'sboundto feel that it's his own fault,

所以他認(rèn)為這都是他的錯(cuò)

he's bound to feel guilty,

他也必然會有負(fù)罪感

and it's bound to give rise to a great deal of self-questioning.

這事也必然讓他拷問自己

一.attempt:v. 企圖，嘗試 n. 企圖，試圖

【詞義辨析】

attempt，try，endeavour，strive

attempt: 較正式用詞，側(cè)重已經(jīng)開始，且希望完成，但常隱含著不一定有預(yù)期的結(jié)果。

try: 普通用詞，可與attempt換用，但強(qiáng)調(diào)努力或嘗試，后跟不定式表示努力或爭取;后跟動名詞表示嘗試。

endeavour: 正式用詞，指盡最大努力、認(rèn)真地克服困難去做某事。

strive: 和endeavour一樣，表示付出巨大努力，但strive側(cè)重勞累與緊張，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)努力的結(jié)果。

【詞語用法】

1.attempt后可加不定式，如attempt to do，也可加介詞和動名詞勾結(jié)，如attempt at doing，不過習(xí)慣上，不定式的用法更為普遍;

2.作為名詞時(shí)，attempt是指可數(shù)的嘗試，要注意不能隨便省略掉冠詞an，如make an attempt。也可以說an attempt to do it和an attempt at doing it，或者是不用冠詞，如make little attempt，withoutattempt;

3.使用attempt時(shí)，要注意雙重否定的錯(cuò)誤。

The work was attempted to be done quickly.

An attempt was made to do the work quickly.

第一句的說法是錯(cuò)誤的，第二句才是正確的，指“嘗試將工作做得更快”。

【錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析】

錯(cuò)句：The main mortgage rate is up only a quarter per cent in an attempt to limit the pain.

糾正：The rise in the main mortgage rate has been restricted to a quarter per cent in anattempt to limit the pain.

翻譯：企圖通過將總抵押率的上升限制在0.25%去減少痛苦。

分析：句中需要有一個(gè)動詞去作為in an attempt to的依托，故加rise。

【例句用法】

1.My first attempt at a chocolate cake tasted horrible.

我首次試做的巧克力蛋糕難吃極了。

2.Before they fled the country, the enemy vainly attempted to destroy all the factories.

敵人在逃往國外前，妄圖把所有工廠都?xì)У簟?/p>

3.He didn't pass the exam, but it was a good attempt.

他雖然沒有通過考試，但他做了很大的努力。

二.bound：動詞bind的過去式和過去分詞形式 adj. 必定的，有義務(wù)的，受約束的，裝訂的 vi. 跳，跳躍前進(jìn)，猛漲 n. 跳躍，范圍，界限

【詞語用法】

1.bound后可接不定式，原在英國表示“將不得不……”，在美國表示“決意……”解。如今，兩國人都將其解釋為“一定將……”。

It is bound to rain.

一定將會下雨。

2.表示開往某地，僅有目的地時(shí)，用be bound for,后接目的地。

表示從某地開往某地，出發(fā)地和目的地都有時(shí)，用be bound from...to...。

The ship is bound from Qingdao to Shanghai.

這艘船是從青島開往上海。

3.在表示“范圍”，作名詞時(shí)，bound要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式bounds。

【錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析】

錯(cuò)句：The ship is bound to Zhejiang.

糾正：The ship is bound for Zhejiang.

翻譯：這艘船時(shí)開往浙江的。

分析：開往某地，單有目的地時(shí)，用be bound for。

【例句用法】

1.I don't like being desk-bound (eg in an office) all day.

我不喜歡整天拴在辦公桌旁(如在辦公室里).2.

With one bound, he was over the wall.

他縱身一躍就跳過了墻。

3.The dog bounded down the hill.

狗跳躍著朝山下跑去。

4.You are not legally bound to answer these questions.

在法律上，你沒有義務(wù)非回答這些問題不可。

5.It's bound to rain soon.

過一會兒肯定會下雨。