異類之不一樣的成功啟示錄 第143期:機(jī)長(zhǎng)決定目測(cè)著陸

In the month the glide scope had been under repair, there had been something like 1,500 safe landings at Guam airport.

在“跑道射燈”進(jìn)行修理的那個(gè)月里，已經(jīng)有1500架飛機(jī)都安全著陸在關(guān)島機(jī)場(chǎng)。

It was a small thing-an inconvenience, really, that make the task of landing a plane just a little bit more difficult.

這只是個(gè)小問題——不方便而已，真的只會(huì)給降落增加了一點(diǎn)困難。

"The second complication was the weather," Brenner continued. "Normally in the South Pacific, you've got these brief weather situations.

博瑞納繼續(xù)說道:“第二個(gè)因素是天氣問題，通常在南太平洋，這樣的天氣你會(huì)收到天氣預(yù)報(bào)。

But they go back quickly. You don't have storms. It's a tropical paradise.

而且天氣變化很快，一般都不會(huì)有暴風(fēng)雨，這里是熱帶氣候的天堂。

But that night, there was some little cells, and it just happens that that evening, they were going to be flying into one of those little cells, a few miles from the airport.

但是那天晚上，上空有云層，而且也就只有那天晚上有，當(dāng)時(shí)，他們就在距機(jī)場(chǎng)幾英里以外的地方，剛剛就要進(jìn)入云層地帶。”

So the captain has to decide.What exactly is my procedure for landing?

因此，機(jī)長(zhǎng)此刻必須決定，究竟需要采取哪種程序來進(jìn)行著陸。

Well，they were cleared for what's called a VOR/DME approach. It's complicated.It's a pain in the ass.

他們接到指令使用航路全向信標(biāo)／測(cè)距儀（VOR/DME）下降程序。這很復(fù)雜，很難處理。

It takes a lot of coordination to set it up. You have to calm down in steps.

這需要很多協(xié)調(diào)工作進(jìn)行跟進(jìn)，你必須按步驟執(zhí)行，

But then, as it happens, from miles out, the captain sees the lights of Guam. So he relaxes.

但是，當(dāng)機(jī)長(zhǎng)在幾英里外看到關(guān)島的燈光時(shí)，他感到很放松。

And he says, 'We're doing a visual approach.'"

并且他說：“我們進(jìn)行目測(cè)著陸。”

The VOR is a beacon that sends out a signal that allows the pilots to calculate their altitude as they approach an airport.

當(dāng)飛行員接近機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，可以依靠VOR發(fā)送信號(hào)的燈光，幫助他們計(jì)算距離地面的高度。

It's what pilots would rely on before the invention of the glide scope.

在跑道射燈沒有發(fā)明以前，飛行員就是依靠這個(gè)來計(jì)算高度的。

The captain's strategy was to use the VOR to get the plane close, and then once he could see the lights of the runway, to land the plane visually.

機(jī)長(zhǎng)的策略是先使用VOR讓飛機(jī)接近機(jī)場(chǎng)，然后一旦看見跑道的燈光，就使用目測(cè)著陸。

Pilots do visual landings all the time. It seemed to make sense.

這看來很可行，飛行員經(jīng)常做目測(cè)著陸。

But every time a pilot chooses a plane, he is supposed to prepare a backup in case things go awry.And this captain didn't.

而且每次飛行員采用一種計(jì)劃時(shí)，都應(yīng)該同時(shí)還有一種備選計(jì)劃，以防止意外情況發(fā)生。但這位機(jī)長(zhǎng)沒有這樣做。

"They should have been coordinating.You should have been briefing for the (DME) step-downs," Brenner went on."But he doesn't talk about that.

“駕駛艙內(nèi)應(yīng)該進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)，機(jī)長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該告知大家將DME放慢，但是他沒有講。”班瑞納繼續(xù)說道，

The storm cells are all around them, and what the captain seems to be doing is assuming that at some point he's going to break out of the clouds and see the airport.

“暴風(fēng)雨天氣正包圍著他們，看起來機(jī)長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為他可以穿越云層而且已看到機(jī)場(chǎng)，

And if he doesn't see it, by 560 feet, he'll just go around. Now, that would work, except for one thing.

如果他在560英尺的高度依然看不見，他就會(huì)復(fù)飛，現(xiàn)在那看起來比較可行，除了另一件事，

The VOR on which he's basing his strategy is not at the airport.It's 2.5 miles away on Nimitz Hill.

機(jī)長(zhǎng)使用的VOR程序定位并不是在機(jī)場(chǎng)內(nèi)，而是在2.5英里以外的尼米茲山上。