【BBC紀錄片】佛教寶地 第20期:吳哥窟的建筑風格

Before 1200, art in the temples mostly portrayedscenes from the Hindu pantheon.

在公元1200年之前，寺廟的藝術主體大多是描繪印度教眾神的場景。

After his conversion, Buddhist scenes began toappear as standard motifs.

在阇耶跋摩七世改奉佛教以后，佛教場景開始成為標準的主題。

During his reign, there was a focus on buildinglibraries, monastic dwellings, public works,

在他統(tǒng)治期間，著力興建藏經(jīng)樓、僧舍、公共場所，

and more "earthly" projects, accessible to the common people.

及其它向普通百姓開放的“世俗”項目。

So history in Cambodia takes a humanist turn

所以柬埔寨的歷史上發(fā)生了一次人文主義的轉(zhuǎn)變。

And as Buddhism rises in popularity, you find images of the Buddha and his followersemerging everywhere in the architecture in gates, in walls and in temples.

隨著佛教的盛行，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，佛陀及其弟子的形象出現(xiàn)在這座建筑的每個角落。在門上、墻上，還有廟宇里都可以見到他們的身影。

So now Angkor is showing the world a more human face.

如今的吳哥以一種更為人性化的面孔展現(xiàn)在世人面前。

The Angkor complex is a prime example of the classical style of Khmer architecture.

吳哥窟廟群具有典型的高棉建筑風格。

By the 12th century, Khmer architects had become skilled and confident in masonry, facingthe monuments with intricate sandstone blocks.

到了12世紀，高棉建筑師對磚石建筑，以及在復雜沙石塊上雕刻的工藝已經(jīng)非常熟練和自信了。

Angkor Wat is famous for the harmony of its world-class design.

吳哥窟因其世界級的協(xié)調(diào)設計而舉世聞名。

Architecturally, towers shaped like lotus buds are characteristic.

從建筑角度講，蓮花花蕾樣式的塔形使其獨具特色。

Half-galleries broaden the passageways, other galleries connect enclosures, and terracesappear along the main pathways of the temple.

半開放式的一面走廊讓甬道更顯寬闊，另一面走廊則連接各個圍欄，而露臺沿廟宇的主干道而建。

The walls are decorated with bas-reliefs showing Hindu mythological figures and detailednarrative scenes.

墻壁由淺浮雕裝飾，描繪這印度教中的神話人物以及詳細的故事場景。

This one depicts the churning of the oceans.

這一幅描繪的是神話“攪乳海”。

Other elements of the design have been destroyed by looting and the passage of time.

寺廟的其它設計元素則在劫掠和歲月流逝中損毀了。

They included gilded stucco, gold on some figures, and elaborate carved ceiling panels anddoors.

包括描金灰墁，一些塑像上的鍍金，以及雕刻精美的天花板和門。

This was the largest sacred building in the world.

這曾是世界上最大的宗教建筑。

Although there is an eerie, crumbling beauty to this place now, you have to imagine it in itsheyday, all this stonework would have been brightly painted.

盡管這個地方現(xiàn)在呈現(xiàn)出來的美略帶奇異且支離破碎，但你可以想象在其鼎盛時期，所有這些石像都曾明艷奪目。

And in this corridor there would have been many hundreds of statues of the Buddha, wroughtout of precious gold.

這條走廊里一定曾有數(shù)以百計的、由貴重黃金鍛造而成的佛像。

The light from the statues would have been reflected back from the walls, which would havebeen studded with emeralds and sapphires and rubies.

佛像的金光會被鑲嵌在墻上的星羅棋布的祖母綠、藍寶石、紅寶石等等反射回來。

And outside there would have been crowds of monks, their eyes closed in meditation,

而外面有成群的僧侶，他們闔目冥想，

their faces lit by the glow of torches made out of jungle resin.

面龐被樹脂火把發(fā)出的光芒照亮。