萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史 第115期:勢(shì)不兩立的科學(xué)(23)

They began as mutual friends and admirers, evennaming fossil species after each other, and spent apleasant week together in 1868. However, somethingthen went wrong between them—nobody is quitesure what—and by the following year they haddeveloped an enmity that would grow intoconsuming hatred over the next thirty years. It isprobably safe to say that no two people in thenatural sciences have ever despised each other more.

他們一開(kāi)始是朋友和互相崇拜者，甚至互相用對(duì)方的名字來(lái)命名化石種類(lèi)，1868年還愉快地在一起工作了一個(gè)星期。后來(lái)，兩人的關(guān)系出了問(wèn)題——誰(shuí)也搞不清出了什么問(wèn)題——到了第二年，他們之間已經(jīng)成為一種敵對(duì)關(guān)系;那種關(guān)系在隨后的30年里發(fā)展為強(qiáng)烈的仇恨。可以有把握地說(shuō)，自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域里再也找不出另外兩個(gè)人比他們更互相鄙視對(duì)方的了。

Marsh, the elder of the two by eight years, was a retiring and bookish fellow, with a trim beardand dapper manner, who spent little time in the field and was seldom very good at findingthings when he was there. On a visit to the famous dinosaur fields of Como Bluff, Wyoming, hefailed to notice the bones that were, in the words of one historian, "lying everywhere like logs."

馬什比對(duì)方大8歲。他是個(gè)離群索居的書(shū)呆子，衣冠楚楚，留著整齊的胡子，極少去野外工作，去了也很不善于發(fā)現(xiàn)東西。有一次他去懷俄明州參觀著名的科摩崖恐龍地帶，卻沒(méi)有注意到——用一位歷史學(xué)家的話來(lái)說(shuō)——恐龍骨頭簡(jiǎn)直“像木頭那樣滿(mǎn)地都是”。

But he had the means to buy almost anything he wanted. Although he came from a modestbackground—his father was a farmer in upstate New York—his uncle was the supremely rich andextraordinarily indulgent financier George Peabody. When Marsh showed an interest in naturalhistory, Peabody had a museum built for him at Yale and provided funds sufficient for Marshto fill it with almost whatever took his fancy.

但是，他有的是錢(qián)，差不多可以想買(mǎi)什么就買(mǎi)什么。雖然他來(lái)自一個(gè)不大富裕的家庭——他的父親是紐約州北部的一名農(nóng)場(chǎng)主——但他的叔叔卻是那位富得冒油、極其寬容的金融家喬治·皮博迪。當(dāng)馬什流露出對(duì)自然史感興趣的時(shí)候，皮博迪為他在耶魯大學(xué)蓋了個(gè)博物館，并給了他足夠的資金來(lái)裝滿(mǎn)他看得中的差不多任何東西。