時(shí)差N小時(shí):讓人痛苦的饑餓
餓死看起來最痛苦的一點(diǎn)是：即將死去的孩子的胃竟然是腫的。
It's as if the body plays an unbelievably cruel joke on itself, causing the starved to resemblepeople whose bellies are large from over-eating.
就好像是身體在和自己開了一個(gè)難以置信的又殘酷的玩笑，將那些饑餓的人與暴飲暴食將肚皮撐大的人作類比。
Is there a connection? In fact the two instances -- starvation and overeating -- only resembleeach other in a superficial way.
這有聯(lián)系嗎?事實(shí)上，這兩個(gè)實(shí)例——饑餓和暴飲暴食——表面上看起來是平等的。
The belly of an over-eater looks the way it does due to a build-up of fat cells, also present onother areas of the body.
一個(gè)暴飲暴食者的肚皮看起來就像是由脂肪細(xì)胞撐起來的，而且也會(huì)顯現(xiàn)在身體的其他部位。
The starvation belly stands out in painful relief against emaciated arms, legs, and face, andwill appear more taut and inflexible.
而饑餓者則表現(xiàn)出痛苦的體態(tài)特征，瘦弱的胳膊，腿和臉，而且會(huì)顯得緊繃又呆板。
That's because the belly on a starving person has nothing to do with fat. Rather, it is often theresult of Protein Calorie Malnutrition, or PCM.
那是因?yàn)轲囸I者的胃與脂肪無關(guān)，相反，那通常是熱能營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良所導(dǎo)致的，或者說叫PCM。
PCM means a healthy number of calories are being eaten -- say in the form of rice -- but with asevere deficiency in protein.
PCM意味著被吸入的有益于身體健康的卡路里含量——只以大米為食——但嚴(yán)重缺乏蛋白質(zhì)。
This is often the case in third-world countries where meat and fish are rare or too expensive formany.
在第三世界經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況，在那里肉和魚是很少見的或者說對(duì)很多人來說都是負(fù)擔(dān)不起的。
Even in a healthy state, the blood vessels and organs leak fluids a little.
甚至在身體健康的時(shí)候，血管和器官也是會(huì)泄露一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)液體的。
This is generally no problem, as the lymphatic system removes the excess, and a little fluidcushioning the organs is a good thing.
這通常是沒有問題的。因?yàn)榱馨拖到y(tǒng)會(huì)將剩余部分移除，而且器官中含有一點(diǎn)緩沖液是有好處的。
In PCM, however, the lymphatic system can't keep up with the leakage, and the stomach areabegins to bloat with its own waste fluids.
熱能營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的時(shí)候，通常是淋巴系統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)救速度趕不上排泄速度，從而胃里會(huì)殘留廢棄液體并開始腫脹。
Add to this the likelihood of a swollen liver, which is another result of PCM, and you wind upwith the terrible irony of a person on the verge of starvation looking weirdly similar to anovereater.
再加上肝臟腫大的可能性，那是導(dǎo)致熱能營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的另一個(gè)因素，而你最終會(huì)感覺那是一個(gè)處饑餓邊緣的可怕的具有諷刺性的一個(gè)人，而他看起來又像是一個(gè)暴飲暴食者。
