侏羅紀(jì)搏擊俱樂部 第76期:黑暗中的雙眼
在牙齒前后的齒面都有缺陷就是與對(duì)面牙齒相交錯(cuò)的地方。
What happens is that the root is anchored well into the lower jaw.
實(shí)際情況就是這個(gè)牙根深深地嵌在其下頜骨上。
And then the crown is vertical.
這部分牙冠是垂直的。
So this really makes sure the tooth doesn't wiggle around.
這就確確實(shí)實(shí)地保證牙齒不會(huì)晃動(dòng)。
It's anchored well on the bone and the jaw is about this deep.
它非常結(jié)實(shí)地嵌在骨頭上頜骨大概這么深。
These powerful, deep rooted, curved daggers were ideally suited for preying upon a variety of aquatic life.
這些有力、根深、彎似匕首的牙齒用來捕獵各種水生生物再合適不過。
This put the biting whale in direct competition with Megalodon.
這使得噬抹香鯨與巨齒鯊形成了直接競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
I think it was a top predator, it was a very carnivorous animal and could have taken on or eaten anything it wanted to.
我覺得它是頂級(jí)掠食者，它是絕對(duì)的肉食性動(dòng)物會(huì)隨心所欲地攻擊或捕食任何獵物。
The biting sperm whale of Japan is found in deposits that also have dolphins, other whale, very primitive sea lion like animals.
在日本發(fā)現(xiàn)的噬抹香鯨所處的沉積層還有海豚、其它鯨類、非常原始的類似海獅的動(dòng)物。
I think any one of these could have been part of its diet.
我覺得這些中的任何一個(gè)都可能在噬抹香鯨的菜單上。
It probably could have eaten fishes, squids, sharks, other kinds of small mammals as well.
它可能捕食魚類、烏賊、鯊魚還有其它各種小型哺乳動(dòng)物。
So it probably had a very generalized diet.
所以它的食譜可能非常廣泛。
Unlike the modern sperm whale, the fossil one had large, fully functional teeth both on the upper and lower jaws.
與現(xiàn)代抹香鯨不同，這副化石的主人在其上下頜都有巨大，實(shí)用的牙齒。
These teeth were specifically designed to lock onto prey with slippery scales.
這些牙齒有特別的設(shè)計(jì)能夠鎖住帶有滑溜鱗片的獵物。
To help this whale find its prey in any water condition, the biting whale employed something unique - sonar.
噬抹香鯨有一門獨(dú)家絕技幫助它在任何水下情況都能找到獵物，聲納。
They have very keenly developed echo location sonar sense associated with their brains that is a unique feature of toothed whales.
它們有與大腦相關(guān)的非常發(fā)達(dá)的回聲定位聲納感覺，那是齒鯨獨(dú)一無二的特點(diǎn)。
And sperm whales have it very developed to a very keen degree.
抹香鯨將其發(fā)展到了非常敏銳的程度。
The way sonar works is basically the animal would produce sound, and these sound waves travel out away from the skull.
聲納的原理基本上就是動(dòng)物會(huì)發(fā)出聲音，這些聲波從顱骨傳出。
When the sound wave hits something, it bounces back to the animal,當(dāng)聲音碰到某種物體，就會(huì)反彈回到發(fā)聲動(dòng)物，and receptors in the skull sort of paint a picture of what's in front of it, where it is, what direction it's going, how large it is.
其顱內(nèi)的接收器就像能畫出圖畫一樣，感知到前面是什么，它在哪里，在朝哪個(gè)方向前進(jìn)，它的體型多大。
Sonar is like eyes in total darkness.
聲納就像是完全黑暗中的雙眼。
The advantage of sonar is it allows you to make up for conditions of poor vision at night, in murky water.
聲納的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它能彌補(bǔ)在晚上或是渾濁的水中視野不好的情況。
And so it'd be very useful, because in near shore waters you tend to get a lot of sediments stirred up by waves,所以這非常有用，因?yàn)樵陔x岸不遠(yuǎn)的水域里海浪常常會(huì)攪起很多沉積物，and so it tends to be a little bit murkier than you would find even slightly off shore.
所以跟離岸邊遠(yuǎn)些的地方相比起來就會(huì)更加渾濁。
So it would be an advantage under those conditions.
所以在那樣的條件下這就是一種優(yōu)勢(shì)。
But sonar was not just for finding food or seeing in the dark, it was a weapon that could kill.
不過聲納不只能用來發(fā)現(xiàn)食物或在黑暗中探測(cè)，它也是一種致命武器。
This sonar is normally used to help locate prey in the deepest, darkest parts of the ocean.
這種聲納通常用來幫助在大洋最深最黑暗的部分定位獵物。
But the whales could focus that sonar into a much tighter beam and use it like a battering ram against potential prey and potential predators.
不過鯨能夠把聲納密集成一束把它當(dāng)做攻城槌對(duì)付潛在獵物和潛在掠食者。
Sound travels faster and farther underwater than it does on top.
聲音在水下比在水上傳播得更快更遠(yuǎn)。
So if you're sitting somewhere and you hang a stick of dynamite 10 feet from your head and detonate it, it's gonna kill you, just because of the shock wave.
要是你坐在什么地方吊下一束炸藥在離腦袋10英尺處并引爆它，僅僅是沖擊波就能致你于死地。
Magnify that times 100 and it's not just going to kill you, it's going to liquefy you.
把那威力放大一百倍就不光會(huì)要了你的命，那能把你液化。
