侏羅紀(jì)搏擊俱樂(lè)部 第152期:依靠本能而非智慧

What that small brain structure in Pachyrhinosaurus tells us is that the animals were probably not problem solvers.

腫鼻角龍很小的腦部結(jié)構(gòu)告訴我們，這種動(dòng)物很可能沒(méi)有解決問(wèn)題的能力。

They didn't have the capacity necessarily to sort out what was going on in their environment.They're a very instinctual animal.

它們沒(méi)有必要的能力來(lái)了解周?chē)l(fā)生了什么。它們是很依靠本能的動(dòng)物。

You really couldn't throw Pachyrhinosaurus a curve and have the animal deal with it.

對(duì)于腫鼻角龍可不能指望它腦筋能轉(zhuǎn)得過(guò)來(lái)。

It was a very instinctual, hardwired animal.

這種動(dòng)物全靠本能和身體。

Being an animal that reacts on instinct more than intellect, it's easy to understand how an entire herd of Pachyrhinosaurus could have been stampeded into a fast flowing river.

因?yàn)檫@種動(dòng)物更多依靠本能而非智慧，整群腫鼻角龍受驚奔逃沖進(jìn)激流就比較容易理解了。

Because of their small brains, these dinosaurs had a "shoot first and ask questions later" sort of mentality.

因?yàn)樗鼈兊拇竽X很小，這些恐龍基本上就是做了再說(shuō)的那種。

What Pachyrhinosaurus lacked in brains, it made up for in brawn.

腫鼻角龍腦力的缺陷有塊頭來(lái)彌補(bǔ)。

Although the brain was small, it was protected inside the dinosaur's chief weapon: an armored skull.

盡管它的腦很小，它卻被保護(hù)在其最主要的武器里：有甲的頭顱。

Ceratopsian brain cases are actually separated from their skull which means that they can actually have a large impact on something and it's not gonna addle their brain.

腫鼻角龍的顱腔其實(shí)與它們的顱骨是分開(kāi)的，這說(shuō)明就算它們猛烈地撞擊到什么東西也不會(huì)損傷它們的腦。

Whether it's another dinosaur or maybe even knocking down trees, I don't know, to get to...to get to some more edibles.

不管撞到的是其它恐龍還是撞倒樹(shù)木，來(lái)弄點(diǎn)東西吃這其實(shí)都無(wú)所謂。

That massive skull is their biggest weapon and it's what they'd use to defend themselves.

它們厚重的頭顱是最主要的武器也是它們用來(lái)保護(hù)自己的工具。

In a fight, Pachyrhinosaurus is going to do one thing and that is to face its attacker.

在戰(zhàn)斗中，腫鼻角龍會(huì)做的就是面對(duì)它的攻擊者。

And as the attacker moves in, Pachyrhinosaurus will lower his head down and charge and just as he hits the target, it's going to raise its head up.

當(dāng)它的攻擊者接近時(shí)，腫鼻角龍把頭低下沖上去，并且在撞到目標(biāo)時(shí)會(huì)把頭揚(yáng)起來(lái)。

What this does is it thrusts the horn in and then up and rips a huge wound into the attacker.

這樣它就能把角戳進(jìn)去再抬起來(lái)給攻擊者撕開(kāi)巨大傷口。

Multiply that battering ram by a hundred and you have Pachyrhinosaurus' other big weapon: strength in numbers.

把一攻城槌乘上一百倍就是腫鼻角龍的另一個(gè)重要武器，人多力量大。

Pachyrhinosaurus was a herd dinosaur and therefore it could operate together.

腫鼻角龍是群居恐龍因此會(huì)跟其它同伴合作。

The main benefits are the number of eyes available.

主要的好處是很多雙觀察的眼睛。

The more eyes around, the more chance you have of seeing a predator coming.

多幾雙眼睛觀察就更容易看到掠食者靠近。

Plus, if you've got a bunch of big animals with big horns or big frills working together, they can fight off even the fiercest of predators that lived in that environment.

而且，這么一大群有巨角和骨質(zhì)褶皺的壯碩的動(dòng)物合作，它們能戰(zhàn)退當(dāng)時(shí)那種環(huán)境下最兇猛的掠食者。

That environment included Alberta, but also Alaska and Montana, where the remains of Pachyrhinosaurus have been found.

那種環(huán)境包括阿爾伯塔，還有阿拉斯加和蒙大拿，曾找到過(guò)腫鼻角龍化石的地方。