在好萊塢拍一部全亞裔陣容大片有多難？

In January 2017, the director Jon M. Chu announced an open casting call for Asian and Asian-American actors for his movie adaptation of “Crazy Rich Asians.” Recorded in the kitchen of his West Hollywood home (you can see his fridge in the background), the online plea instructed anyone interested in joining his all-Asian cast, from aspiring actors to “cool personalities with hidden talents,” to post a two-minute video of themselves on social media. “We are looking for you,” he beamed.

2017年1月，導(dǎo)演朱浩偉宣布，要為他改編自《瘋狂的亞洲富人》(Crazy Rich Asians)的電影公開(kāi)招募亞洲和亞裔美國(guó)演員。他在西好萊塢家中的廚房里錄制了一段視頻(你可以看到背景中的冰箱)，這則網(wǎng)絡(luò)英雄帖稱，有意加入其全亞裔陣容的人——從有志成為演員的人，到“身藏才華的有型人物”，去社交媒體上發(fā)布一段兩分鐘的視頻。“我們正在找你，”他笑著說(shuō)。

The call was an enticing one. The romantic comedy was going to be a major feature film, with a reported budget of $30 million; its inspiration, the best-selling novel by Kevin Kwan, had already sold millions of copies. And then there was the sheer singularity of it all. How often did a Hollywood filmmaker go looking for a whole bunch of Asians for anything? The last time a major Hollywood film set in the present day showcased a majority Asian cast was a whopping 25 years ago, with “The Joy Luck Club” in 1993. Many of the folks Mr. Chu was seeking now weren’t even alive then.

這個(gè)召集令令人心動(dòng)。這出浪漫喜劇將是一部大片，據(jù)報(bào)道預(yù)算為3000萬(wàn)美元;它改編自凱文·關(guān)(Kevin Kwan)銷量達(dá)到數(shù)百萬(wàn)冊(cè)的暢銷小說(shuō)。而且，這樣的機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)在難得。多久會(huì)有一個(gè)好萊塢電影人去找一大群亞洲人來(lái)拍東西?上一部以亞洲演員為主的時(shí)裝好萊塢大片，還是1993年，也就是25年前的《喜福會(huì)》(The Joy Luck Club)。朱浩偉現(xiàn)在要找的人當(dāng)中，許多當(dāng)時(shí)甚至還沒(méi)出生。

For Asian and Asian-American viewers, the film, which opens on Aug. 15, is important not just as something of a cinematic Halley’s comet — before “Joy Luck Club,” there was “The Flower Drum Song” in 1961, and then, what? There’s also an eager hope that if this movie succeeds, it just might stave off another quarter-century drought. Producers use something called “comps” — recent films similar to the ones they’re pitching — to help sell studios on their ideas and budgets. For the producers of “Crazy Rich Asians,” there weren’t any. For scores of Asian-themed films to come, the hope goes, “Crazy Rich Asians” could be that comp.

對(duì)于亞洲和亞裔美國(guó)觀眾來(lái)說(shuō)，這部將于8月15日上映的電影不只是一部哈雷彗星式的電影——在《喜福會(huì)》之前，還有1961年的《花鼓歌》(The Flower Drum Song)，然后還有什么?大家存在一種熱切的希望，那就是如果這部電影成功了，可能會(huì)避免又一段25年的空白。制片人愛(ài)用“參照對(duì)象”(跟其推銷的電影點(diǎn)子類似的近期作品)來(lái)幫助他們向電影公司兜售自己的想法，拿到預(yù)算。對(duì)于《瘋狂的亞洲富人》(又譯：《摘金奇緣》)的制片人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們手里完全沒(méi)有參照對(duì)象。未來(lái)的眾多以亞洲為主題的電影希望《瘋狂的亞洲富人》可以成為那個(gè)“參照對(duì)象”。

When Mr. Chu made his online pitch, the film seemed a godsend for Asian actors, aspiring or otherwise. Forget a few token parts here and there; in this one film, Asian actors would play everything: the romantic leads and sympathetic sidekicks, the comic foils and cads, the faces in the crowd. With more than 4 billion Asians on the planet, how hard could it be to cast this thing?

當(dāng)朱浩偉在網(wǎng)上發(fā)出選角令時(shí)，對(duì)于亞洲演員來(lái)說(shuō)，無(wú)論是否心懷大志，這都可謂天賜之物。忘掉起點(diǎn)綴作用的龍?zhí)装?，在這部片子里，亞裔演員扮演所有的角色：無(wú)論是浪漫的主角和討喜的配角、充滿喜劇色彩的小角色，還是路人甲乙丙丁。地球上有超過(guò)40億的亞洲人，為這部片子選角能有多難呢?

Pretty hard, as it turned out. The talent was there. But as roles were considered and cast, the filmmakers contended with questions about identity amid the Asian diaspora. Could an Asian play an Asian-American? Could a Malaysian play a Singaporean? And what about an Asian guy with a white mom or dad — could he even be in the running?

事實(shí)證明，非常難。好演員倒是不缺。但隨著對(duì)角色的考慮和演員的選擇，各位制作人就亞裔的身份問(wèn)題發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。亞洲人可以扮演亞裔美國(guó)人嗎?馬來(lái)西亞人可以演新加坡人嗎?有著白人媽媽或者爸爸的亞洲男人呢?他能參加角逐嗎?

In Hollywood today, some of the most contentious debates continue to center on just who can play whom. In 2016, the lack of Asian male leads in movies was highlighted by the project #StarringJohnCho, which reimagined “The Martian,” “Avengers: Age of Ultron” and other hits as if they starred the gifted Korean-American actor. Last month, Scarlett Johansson dropped out of the coming biopic “Rub & Tug” after her casting as a transgender man sparked a backlash from trans actors and activists. And Hollywood has gotten increasing flak for whitewashing, the practice of casting white actors in roles envisioned as Asian. Think of Tilda Swinton as the Ancient One in “Doctor Strange” or Ms. Johansson (again) as Motoko Kusanagi in “Ghost in the Shell.”

在今天的好萊塢，最具爭(zhēng)議性的辯論仍然集中在誰(shuí)可以演誰(shuí)上。2016年，“#StarringJohnCho”(#趙約翰主演)運(yùn)動(dòng)凸顯了好萊塢電影中沒(méi)有亞裔男主角的現(xiàn)象，該運(yùn)動(dòng)重新構(gòu)想了《火星救援》(The Martian)、《復(fù)仇者聯(lián)盟2：奧創(chuàng)紀(jì)元》(Avengers: Age of Ultron)等熱門大片如果由這位才華橫溢的韓裔美國(guó)男演員來(lái)主演，會(huì)是什么樣子。上個(gè)月，由于要在片中飾演一名跨性別男子而引發(fā)跨性別演員和活動(dòng)人士的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，斯嘉麗·約翰遜(Scarlett Johansson)退出了傳記片《摩擦和拖拽》(Rub & Tug)的拍攝。好萊塢因?yàn)?ldquo;洗白”而受到越來(lái)越多的批評(píng)，也就是讓白人演員來(lái)演亞洲人角色的做法。想想蒂爾達(dá)·斯文頓(Tilda Swinton)在《奇異博士》(Doctor Strange)里扮演的古一法師，或者約翰遜(再一次)在《攻殼機(jī)動(dòng)隊(duì)》(Ghost in the Shell)里飾演的草薙素子。

Many of these debates wouldn’t be nearly as fraught “if there were enough roles to go around,” said Nancy Wang Yuen, the author of “Reel Inequality: Hollywood Actors and Racism.” She added: “We shouldn’t be fighting over scraps. We should be fighting for the system to expand, so that all of us can get access to roles.”

《電影不平等——好萊塢演員和種族主義》(Reel Inequality: Hollywood Actors and Racism)一書(shū)的作者王嵐芝(Nancy Wang Yuen)說(shuō)，很多爭(zhēng)議本來(lái)不會(huì)那么焦灼，“如果有足夠角色的話。”她還說(shuō)：“我們不應(yīng)該為殘羹剩飯大打出手。我們應(yīng)該為系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)展而奮斗，這樣所有人都可以獲得角色。”

Indeed, according to a recent study by Ms. Yuen and others, 64 percent of television series in the 2015-16 season didn’t have a single Asian-American regular; another report revealed that of the top 100 films of 2017, nearly two-thirds didn’t include a single Asian or Asian-American female character.

事實(shí)上，根據(jù)王嵐芝等人最近的一項(xiàng)研究，在2015-16年度，64%的電視連續(xù)劇沒(méi)有一個(gè)亞裔美國(guó)人的常規(guī)角色。另一份報(bào)告顯示，在2017年票房前100位的電影中，近三分之二的影片中沒(méi)有一個(gè)亞洲或亞裔美國(guó)女性角色。

On a recent morning, Mr. Chu was here in his West Hollywood home, recounting the joys and struggles of casting his all-Asian feature. Sporting a white baseball cap and gray T-shirt, he talked about hiring legends (Michelle Yeoh) and relative unknowns (Henry Golding), Asian stars (Singapore’s Fiona Xie) and Asian-Americans on the rise (Awkwafina).

在前不久的一個(gè)早晨，朱浩偉來(lái)到他位于西好萊塢的家中，講述了他在打造全亞裔演員陣容過(guò)程中的樂(lè)趣和掙扎。他穿著白色棒球帽和灰色T恤，談起自己如何招募那些傳奇人物(如楊紫瓊)、相對(duì)不出名的人(亨利·戈?duì)柖Henry Golding])、亞洲明星(新加坡的謝宛諭)和亞裔美國(guó)新秀(奧卡菲娜[Awkwafina])。

Mr. Chu also explained why he had cast such a wide net in the first place, supplementing the usual Los Angeles and New York casting calls with a five-continent search and an online open call. “We just didn’t want to miss anybody,” he said. “I wanted this to be the ‘Avengers’ of Asian actors.”

朱浩偉還解釋了為什么他一開(kāi)始就從如此廣泛的范圍內(nèi)選角，不僅依靠通常的洛杉磯和紐約選角電話，還在五大洲搜索，開(kāi)設(shè)了在線公開(kāi)電話。“我們只是不想錯(cuò)過(guò)任何人，”他說(shuō)。“我希望這成為亞洲演員的《復(fù)仇者聯(lián)盟》(Avengers)。”

The search began in 2013, when the producers Nina Jacobson (“The Hunger Games”), Brad Simpson (“Pose”) and John Penotti (“Awake”) secured the rights to Mr. Kwan’s book. In the story, Rachel, a Chinese-American professor at New York University, travels with her London-bred professor boyfriend, Nick, to Singapore, where he was born. Once there Rachel discovers two things: Nick’s steely mother, Eleanor, thinks Rachel is beneath her, and Nick — and the rest of his family — is obscenely, stupefyingly wealthy.

搜索始于2013年，當(dāng)時(shí)制片人尼娜·雅克布森(Nina Jacobson，《饑餓游戲》[The Hunger Games])、布拉德·辛普森(Brad Simpson，《姿態(tài)》[Pose])和約翰·皮諾蒂(John Penotti，《奪命手術(shù)》[Awake])獲得了凱文·關(guān)這部書(shū)的拍攝權(quán)。在故事中，紐約大學(xué)的美籍華裔教授雷切爾與她在倫敦讀書(shū)出身的教授男友尼克一同前往他的出生地新加坡。雷切爾一到那里就發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩件事：尼克的冷冰冰的母親埃莉諾認(rèn)為自己比雷切爾高一等，而尼克——以及他的家人——富有得令人厭惡而且無(wú)聊。

As it turns out, there were questions about casting even before the book hit stores. Mr. Kwan said a producer who wanted to option the book had suggested that he make Rachel white. Mr. Kwan refused.

事實(shí)證明，甚至在這本書(shū)上市之前，就有關(guān)于選角的問(wèn)題。凱文·關(guān)表示，一個(gè)想把這本書(shū)拍成電影的制片人建議他把雷切爾寫(xiě)成白人。凱文·關(guān)拒絕了。

“It didn’t surprise me,” said Constance Wu, the Chinese-American actress who ultimately secured the role and who has been a vocal critic of Hollywood whitewashing. “I’m just glad that Kevin stuck to his guns. It takes a lot of courage to say no to something, especially if you’re scared that everything might slip away if you don’t say yes.”

“這并不讓我感到驚訝，”最終飾演雷切爾的美國(guó)華裔女演員吳恬敏說(shuō)，她一直都在抨擊好萊塢的洗白。“我很高興凱文堅(jiān)持立場(chǎng)。對(duì)某些事情說(shuō)不，這需要很大的勇氣，特別是你會(huì)害怕，如果不答應(yīng)，一切都可能從手中溜走。”

Early on, Ms. Jacobson and Mr. Simpson had certain actors in mind, like Ms. Yeoh, who was on everybody’s wish list for Eleanor. Unlike most of her castmates, Ms. Yeoh had appeared in dozens of films with all-Asian casts, like the Jackie Chan classic “Police Story 3: Super Cop” and the Oscar-winning “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon,” so, in some ways, this was nothing new. But those weren’t Hollywood productions. “It was very important for me to see an all-Asian cast here,” she said. “Twenty-five years? I don’t even understand why it’s taken so long.”

在早期階段，雅各布森和辛普森心目中有一些特定的演員，比如楊紫瓊，她是所有人心目中埃莉諾的理想人選。與劇組大多數(shù)演員不同，楊紫瓊曾經(jīng)出演過(guò)數(shù)十部全亞裔演員的電影，如成龍經(jīng)典的《警察故事3：超級(jí)警察》和奧斯卡獲獎(jiǎng)影片《臥虎藏龍》，所以，在某些方面，這并不是什么新鮮事。但那些都不是好萊塢的影片。“對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，在這里看到一個(gè)全亞洲演員班底是非常重要的，”她說(shuō)。“25年?我甚至不明白為什么花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。”

For other roles, the producers sought the help of veteran casting directors with connections to actors throughout Asia, like the Canada-based PoPing AuYeung (“The Forbidden Kingdom”). They also looked at stage actors in New York and London, and checked in with some of the world’s top drama schools, particularly in their search for the man who would embody Nick. “Ordinarily when you’re casting and maybe looking to break somebody, you go to the big theater programs,” Ms. Jacobson said, adding, “But they were like, we have not had a male Asian graduate in years.”

至于其他角色，制片人們?nèi)ハ蚺c亞洲演員有聯(lián)系的資深選角導(dǎo)演尋求幫助，比如加拿大的歐陽(yáng)寶屏(《功夫王國(guó)》[The Forbidden Kingdom])。他們還去看了一群紐約和倫敦的舞臺(tái)劇演員，并與一些世界頂級(jí)戲劇學(xué)校接洽，特別是在尋找飾演尼克的演員期間。“通常選角期間，如果想捧一個(gè)新人，你會(huì)去看各校的大牌戲劇專業(yè)，”雅克布森說(shuō)。“但他們說(shuō)，我們已經(jīng)很多年沒(méi)有男性亞裔畢業(yè)生了。”

When Mr. Chu announced his open call, thousands of videos poured in. Working actors from the United States, Singapore and elsewhere submitted auditions alongside those outside the industry who figured they had nothing to lose.

當(dāng)朱浩偉宣布他的公開(kāi)熱線時(shí)，數(shù)以千計(jì)的視頻涌了進(jìn)來(lái)。來(lái)自美國(guó)、新加坡和其他地方的職業(yè)演員與那些認(rèn)為自己沒(méi)什么可以失去的業(yè)外人士一起前來(lái)試鏡。

Among the hopefuls was Cheryl Koh, better known as the YouTube singer Cheryl K, whose videos have garnered more than a million views. Although she was trying out for a role, any role, it was her 15-second, a cappella snippet of Jessie J’s “Mamma Knows Best” that convinced the filmmakers to give her a shot at singing the song under the opening credits, a Mandarin and English version of the Beatles hit “Money.”

有望成功的人選包括雪莉·高(Cheryl Koh)，她更為人知的身份是YouTube歌手，藝名雪莉·K(Cheryl K)，她的視頻獲得了超過(guò)100萬(wàn)的觀看。盡管她非常努力想要得到一個(gè)角色，什么角色都行，但她只得到了很短的亮相機(jī)會(huì)，她清唱杰西·J(Jessie J)的《媽媽最懂》(Mamma Knows Best)的視頻片段打動(dòng)了影片制作人員，讓她演唱開(kāi)場(chǎng)字幕時(shí)的歌曲——普通話和英文版本的“披頭士”金曲《金錢》(Money)。

“When I got the news that Jon wanted me to do it, I couldn’t stop screaming,” she said.

“當(dāng)我聽(tīng)說(shuō)喬希望我做這件事時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法停止尖叫，”她說(shuō)。

The cast soon became increasingly international. There was Gemma Chan and Jing Lusi from Britain; Chris Pang and Remy Hii from Australia; Pierre Png, Ms. Xie and a host of others from Singapore; Ronny Chieng and Ms. Yeoh from Malaysia; Lisa Lu and Jasmine Chen from China. Nico Santos had spent his childhood in the Philippines before moving to the United States and co-starring on “Superstore”; Mr. Chieng was born in Malaysia and had gone to school in Australia before getting a regular gig on “The Daily Show.” Among the American-born crew, there were actors who hailed from Detroit (Ken Jeong); Queens (Awkwafina); and Richmond, Va. (Constance Wu).

演員陣容很快變得越來(lái)越國(guó)際化。來(lái)自英國(guó)的嘉瑪·陳(Gemma Chan)和陸思敬;來(lái)自澳大利亞的克里斯·彭(Chris Pang)和瑞米·許(Remy Hii);來(lái)自新加坡的方展發(fā)、謝宛諭和其他一些演員;來(lái)自馬來(lái)西亞的錢信伊和楊紫瓊;來(lái)自中國(guó)的盧燕和佳思敏·陳(Jasmine Chen)。妮可·桑托斯(Nico Santos)是在菲律賓度過(guò)童年，然后前往美國(guó)，在百味超市(Superstore)中出演角色;錢信伊出生于馬來(lái)西亞，定期出演《每日秀》(The Daily Show)，之后到澳大利亞上學(xué)。美國(guó)出生的演員包括來(lái)自底特律的鄭肯(Ken Jeong);皇后區(qū)的奧卡菲娜;以及弗吉尼亞州里士滿的吳恬敏。

“Ken Jeong had to fly out to Kuala Lumpur just to shoot for a couple of days, and it wasn’t a ton of money,” Ms. Jacobson said. “But he was like, I want to play any part that you have for me in this.”

“鄭肯必須飛往吉隆坡，只是為了幾天的拍攝，報(bào)酬也不算多，”雅克布森說(shuō)。“但他說(shuō)，我愿意在這里飾演你給我的任何角色。”

With the entire world to pull from, the filmmakers faced several concerns about who they could cast to play what. There were the accents, of course. Whoever played Nick had to nail a British accent, which left out many of the Chinese box-office draws under consideration.

由于演員來(lái)自世界各地，電影制作人們對(duì)他們可以扮演什么角色有了一些顧慮。當(dāng)然，口音是問(wèn)題之一。不管由誰(shuí)來(lái)扮演尼克，他都必須有英國(guó)口音，因此許多中國(guó)的票房明星都不能考慮。

And then there was the Singaporean sounds of Nick’s friends and family. “This is the only accent I can do,” said Mr. Chieng, who grew up in Singapore. “I don’t know if you’ve heard many people with this accent, but it’s pretty specific, let’s put it that way.”

然后，尼克的朋友和家人必須有新加坡口音。“這是我會(huì)說(shuō)的唯一一種口音，”在新加坡長(zhǎng)大的錢信伊說(shuō)。 “我不知道你有沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)很多帶這種口音的人，但是這么說(shuō)吧，它是非常有特色的。”

With much of the action taking place there, there was a push to get as many Singaporeans as possible. If that wasn’t possible, the producers said, they wanted to understand when a non-Singaporean could fill a Singaporean role.

由于大部分拍攝都在新加坡進(jìn)行，所以需要盡可能招募更多新加坡人。制片人說(shuō)，如果做不到的話，他們想知道，什么地方可以讓非新加坡人來(lái)飾演新加坡人的角色。

“We definitely always had ‘Memoirs of a Geisha’ in our heads,” said Ms. Jacobson, referring to the 2005 film that starred three prominent Chinese actresses as Japanese women. (Unlike “Crazy Rich Asians,” that film, directed by Rob Marshall and based on a book by Arthur Golden, was a period piece, set in Japan before and after World War II.)

“我們肯定總會(huì)想起《藝伎回憶錄》(Memoires of a Geisha)，”雅克布森說(shuō)，她指的是2005年那部由三位中國(guó)著名女演員飾演日本女人的電影。與《瘋狂的亞洲富人》不同，那部由羅伯·馬歇爾(Rob Marshall)執(zhí)導(dǎo)，根據(jù)亞瑟·高登(Arthur Golden)的書(shū)改編的電影，是一部歷史劇，發(fā)生在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)前后的日本。

In the end, only a handful of YouTube hopefuls got parts in “Crazy Rich Asians” — a woman in a text messaging scene here, a groomsman there. But now, said Mr. Chu, he has “the most amazing database of Asian talent that can speak English.”

最后，YouTube上的希望之星中只有幾個(gè)人參與了《瘋狂的亞洲富人》——這邊在發(fā)短信的戲里放一個(gè)女人，那邊放一個(gè)伴郎。但現(xiàn)在，朱浩偉說(shuō)，他擁有“能說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的亞洲人的最佳人才庫(kù)”。

One of the last actors to be hired was Henry Golding, who auditioned for Nick. On paper, he was perfect. He was handsome and charismatic. Born in Malaysia to a mother from the Iban tribe there and a white British father, he had grown up in London, where he had acquired the requisite British accent, then spent much of the rest of his life in Asia, where he had worked as a travel host for BBC and Discovery Channel.

最后一位被雇用的演員是亨利·戈?duì)柖?，他為尼克試鏡。簡(jiǎn)歷上的他非常完美。他英俊，很有領(lǐng)袖魅力。他出生在馬來(lái)西亞，母親是馬來(lái)西亞伊班族人，父親是英國(guó)白人;他在倫敦長(zhǎng)大，在那里得到了這個(gè)角色所必需的英國(guó)口音;然后，他人生的大部分時(shí)間都在亞洲度過(guò)，擔(dān)任BBC和探索頻道(Discovery Channel)的旅游節(jié)目主持人。

The fact that he had never acted before seemed to only add to the Cinderella charm of his story, which went something like this: With just a few months to go before filming started and no Nick, an accountant with the production in Malaysia told a line producer about this sexy travel host “all the girls were gaga over.” From there, Mr. Golding’s name went up the chain.

他之前從未當(dāng)過(guò)演員，事實(shí)上，這似乎只會(huì)為他的故事平添一絲灰姑娘的魅力，事情是這樣的：再過(guò)幾個(gè)月就開(kāi)拍了，但他們還沒(méi)找到尼克的人選，劇組在馬來(lái)西亞的一位會(huì)計(jì)對(duì)制片人提了一句關(guān)于這位性感的旅游節(jié)目主持人的事，“所有女孩都迷戀他，”從那時(shí)起，戈?duì)柖￠_(kāi)始被納入考慮范圍。

But when his casting was announced, the actress Jamie Chung, among others, criticized the decision. Ms. Chung, who is Korean-American, had been told by Mr. Chu that he was looking only for Chinese-Americans for the role of Rachel, so casting of a half-white actor as Nick seemed like a betrayal.

但是當(dāng)他飾演尼克的消息宣布時(shí)，演員鐘潔咪(Jamie Chung)等人批評(píng)了這個(gè)決定。鐘潔咪是韓裔美國(guó)人，朱浩偉曾經(jīng)告訴她，他想找一個(gè)華裔美國(guó)人飾演雷切爾的角色，所以讓一個(gè)有一半白人血統(tǒng)的演員來(lái)飾演尼克似乎是一種背叛。

Asian-American journalists and bloggers wrote about the controversy, noting Hollywood’s historical preference for biracial Asian actors (such as Nancy Kwan and Keanu Reeves) and hinting (sometimes more than hinting) that biracial Asians weren’t “real Asians.” The controversy became so heated that Mr. Golding and other stars were compelled to address it in interviews and online posts.

亞裔美國(guó)記者和博客寫(xiě)手們寫(xiě)了許多關(guān)于這一爭(zhēng)議的文章，指出好萊塢過(guò)去對(duì)白人和亞裔混血演員(如關(guān)南施[Nancy Kwan]和基努·李維斯[Keanu Reeves])的偏好，以及暗示(有時(shí)候不僅僅是暗示)白人和亞裔的混血兒不是“真正的亞洲人”。爭(zhēng)議變得非常激烈，戈?duì)柖『推渌餍潜黄仍诓稍L和網(wǎng)絡(luò)帖子里回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

Ms. Chung walked back her comments soon after — “I am sincerely sorry about the ignorant comment I made earlier in the year,” she tweeted — and apologized to Mr. Golding.

鐘潔咪很快就收回了自己的評(píng)論——“我真誠(chéng)地為今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)表的無(wú)知評(píng)論感到遺憾，”她發(fā)推文說(shuō)——并且向戈?duì)柖〉懒饲浮?/p>

“I think it’s fair to question motives of why they’re choosing me instead of someone else,” Mr. Golding told me. “It ensures that the studio knows, that everyone creating the story knows, that people are watching.”

“我認(rèn)為他們質(zhì)疑選擇我的動(dòng)機(jī)是公平的，”戈?duì)柖「嬖V我。“這讓制片公司和讓創(chuàng)造這個(gè)故事的所有人都知道了，人們正在看著。”

Even so, he said, “I never felt I wasn’t suitable for the role because I was half-white. I’ve always seen myself as Asian, so I never had any qualms about that. I was much more concerned if I could act.”

即便如此，他說(shuō)，“我從來(lái)沒(méi)有覺(jué)得自己有一半白人血統(tǒng)就不適合這個(gè)角色。我一直認(rèn)為自己是亞洲人，所以我對(duì)此沒(méi)有絲毫不安。我更關(guān)心自己能不能演好。”

For a while, Mr. Chu admitted, the questions about casting disturbed him, particularly the questions about Mr. Golding. “And then I realized that I was only getting angry at the people who felt that they had been burned. They were people like me who had watched Hollywood whitewash things, and watched roles go away because someone said an Asian man can’t be the lead of this or that.”

朱浩偉承認(rèn)，有一段時(shí)間，對(duì)選角的質(zhì)疑令他感到不安，尤其是關(guān)于戈?duì)柖〉膯?wèn)題。“然后我意識(shí)到我只是對(duì)那些覺(jué)得自己受到了傷害的人生氣。他們和我一樣見(jiàn)識(shí)過(guò)好萊塢的洗白，眼睜睜看著角色從手里溜走，因?yàn)橛腥苏f(shuō)亞洲男人不能成為這個(gè)或那個(gè)的主角。”

Much of the current whitewashing, Ms. Yuen said, stems from manga and Marvel films that “draw from these Orientalist tropes, whether it’s Asians in the past or Asia in the future. But Hollywood doesn’t know how to incorporate Asians or Asian-Americans into that. It’s like they want our look and our stories and our martial arts, but they don’t want Asians.”

王嵐芝說(shuō)，目前大部分的洗白出自漫畫(huà)和漫威電影，它們“使用那些東方主義修辭，不僅用在過(guò)去的亞洲人身上，也用在未來(lái)的亞洲人身上。但好萊塢并不知道如何將亞洲人或亞裔美國(guó)人納入其中。感覺(jué)就是他們想要我們的樣子、我們的故事和我們的武術(shù)，但他們不想要亞洲人。”

With more and more people talking about diversity in casting and calling out examples of whitewashing, Mr. Chu sees positive developments, particularly for Asian-Americans. This week Netflix will begin streaming “To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before,” a coming-of-age tale starring the Vietnamese-American Lana Condor. And on Aug. 24, two years after #StarringJohnCho began hyping the actor as “the star we deserve,” there’s “Searching,” a thriller starring, yes, John Cho.

隨著越來(lái)越多的人談?wù)撨x角多樣性并舉出洗白的例子，朱浩偉看到了積極的發(fā)展，特別是對(duì)于亞裔美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)。本周Netflix將開(kāi)播《致所有我曾愛(ài)過(guò)的男孩》(To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before)，這是一部由越南裔美國(guó)人陳東蘭(Lana Condor)主演的成長(zhǎng)故事。還有，8月24日，在 #StarringJohnCho 將這位演員奉為“我們值得擁有的明星”兩年之后，一部名為《網(wǎng)絡(luò)迷蹤》(Searching)的驚悚片將由……沒(méi)錯(cuò)……趙約翰主演。

“If we make a decent showing on that first weekend, there are like six Asian-American lead movies set up at different studios,” Mr. Chu said. “They’re not greenlit. Everyone’s waiting to see how this one does. But if this one does well, we’ll immediately have more chances. And if it doesn’t, we’ll just have to do it again.”

“如果我們?cè)诘谝粋€(gè)周末有不錯(cuò)的表現(xiàn)，不同的制片公司就會(huì)投拍大約六部以亞裔美國(guó)人為主角的電影，”朱浩偉說(shuō)。“這不是綠燈。所有人都在等著看這部影片做得怎么樣。但如果這部反響好，我們立刻會(huì)有更多機(jī)會(huì)。如果不好，我們就必須再來(lái)一次。”