軍團(tuán)病:你需要知道的

軍團(tuán)病:你需要知道的

There's something nefarious about Legionnaires' disease. This serious type of pneumonia is caused by bacteria that's often lurking in building water systems. Hotels, office buildings, fountains and hot tubs can be the source for this sometimes fatal infection.

軍團(tuán)病是很嚴(yán)重的病癥，這種嚴(yán)重的肺炎是由潛伏在供水系統(tǒng)中的細(xì)菌引起的。酒店、辦公樓、噴泉和熱水浴缸可能是這種有時會致命的病毒的感染源。

The bacteria that causes Legionnaires' disease can be spread in water droplets from a fountain spray. (Photo: nasyafar/Shutterstock)

Legionnaires is caused by bacteria called Legionella, which is found naturally in freshwater environments, like lakes and streams, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Outdoors, it rarely causes infections.

軍團(tuán)病是由一種叫做軍團(tuán)菌的細(xì)菌引起的，這種細(xì)菌常見于淡水環(huán)境，如湖泊和溪流。在戶外，它很少引起感染。

The disease was named after an outbreak in Philadelphia in 1976, where many people who went to an American Legion convention got sick with a lung infection.

1976年，許多參加美國退伍軍人大會的人因肺部感染而患病。

Most people get infected when they inhale tiny water droplets containing Legionella bacteria. This might be from water running through a ventilation system in a building or from the spray from a shower, faucet, fountain or hot tub.

大多數(shù)人在吸入含有軍團(tuán)菌的微小水滴時會被感染，這可能是由于水通過建筑物的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)流動，或者來自淋浴器、水龍頭、噴泉或熱水浴缸的噴霧。

People most at risk of Legionnaires' disease are those 50 and older, current or former smokers, and people who have chronic lung disease, weakened immune systems, cancer or other underlying illnesses.

軍團(tuán)病的高危人群為50歲及以上、目前或曾經(jīng)吸煙的人士，以及患有慢性肺病、免疫系統(tǒng)衰弱、癌癥或其他潛在疾病的人士。

Legionnaires' disease is treated with antibiotics. The more quickly treatment begins, the more likely there won't be any complications. According to the CDC, about one in 10 people who get Legionnaires' disease will die.

軍團(tuán)病用抗生素治療。治療開始得越快，就越有可能不會出現(xiàn)任何并發(fā)癥。根據(jù)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù)，退伍軍人癥患者的死亡率約為十分之一。