突破性的研究：大腦信號被解碼成書面文本

突破性的研究：大腦信號被解碼成書面文本

Doctors have been able to turn brain signals for speech into written sentences in a research project that aims to transform how patients with severe disabilities communicate.

在一項旨在改變嚴重殘疾患者交流方式的研究項目中，醫(yī)生們已經(jīng)能夠?qū)⒋竽X語言信號轉化為書面句子。

The breakthrough is reportedly the first to show how the intention to utter specific words can be extracted from brain activity and converted quickly into text.

據(jù)報道，這一突破首次表明，如何從大腦活動中提取出特定詞語的表達意圖，并將其迅速轉化為文本。

According to The Guardian, the brain-reading software only works with certain sentences that it can be trained on, although scientists believe a more powerful system could be created in the future.

據(jù)《衛(wèi)報》報道，大腦閱讀軟件只能與特定的句子一起工作，而科學家們相信未來可能會創(chuàng)造出一個更強大的系統(tǒng)。

Doctors at the University of California hoped to create a product that could enable people living with paralysis to communicate more easily than existing devices, which pick up eye movements and muscle twitches to control a virtual keyboard, the British newspaper reports.

據(jù)英國報紙報道，加利福尼亞大學的醫(yī)生們，希望研制出一種能使癱瘓患者比現(xiàn)有的設備更容易交流的產(chǎn)品，這種設備可以采集眼球運動和肌肉抽搐來控制虛擬鍵盤。

“To date, there is no speech prosthetic system that allows users to have interactions on the rapid timescale of a human conversation,” said Edward Chang, a neurosurgeon and lead researcher on the study.

該研究的首席研究員、神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生Edward Chang說:“到目前為止，還沒有一種語音假肢系統(tǒng)可以讓使用者在人類交談的快速時間范圍內(nèi)進行互動。”

Three epilepsy patients who were about to have neurosurgery for their condition all had a tiny patch of electrodes placed directly on the brain for a week to map the origins of their seizures, the researchers state in their study.

研究人員在他們的研究中稱，三名癲癇患者即將接受神經(jīng)外科手術，他們都將一小塊電極直接放置在大腦上一周，以記錄癲癇發(fā)作的起因。

While in the hospital, the patients reportedly allowed Chang to record their brain activity while each was asked nine questions and asked to read a list of 24 potential responses. Chang’s team then built computer models that matched the patterns of brain activity to the questions and the answers.

據(jù)報道，在醫(yī)院里，患者允許張記錄他們的大腦活動，同時每個人被問9個問題，并被要求閱讀24個可能的回答。Chang的團隊隨后建立了計算機模型，使大腦活動模式與問題和答案相匹配。

“This is the first time this approach has been used to identify spoken words and phrases,” David Moses, a researcher on the team, told The Guardian. “It’s important to keep in mind that we achieved this using a very limited vocabulary, but in future studies, we hope to increase the flexibility as well as the accuracy of what we can translate.”

“這是第一次用這種方法來識別口語單詞和短語，”研究小組成員大衛(wèi)·摩西告訴《衛(wèi)報》。“請注意，這次我們使用的詞匯量非常有限，但在未來的研究中，我們希望增加翻譯的靈活性和準確性。”

Their findings were published in the journal Nature and the work itself was funded by Facebook.

他們的研究結果發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上，這項研究本身是由Facebook資助的。