帕克太陽探測器從它的太陽軌道發(fā)回圖像

帕克太陽探測器從它的太陽軌道發(fā)回圖像

NASA's Parker Solar Probe launched a year ago on a mission to touch the sun. Since that fiery early morning liftoff with the mission's namesake, Eugene Parker, in attendance, the probe has made two full orbits of the sun, according to NASA.

美國宇航局的帕克太陽探測器于一年前發(fā)射，任務(wù)是接觸太陽。據(jù)美國國家航空航天局稱，自從與該任務(wù)同名的尤金·帕克在泛紅的凌晨升空后，這顆探測器已經(jīng)繞太陽運行了兩圈。

Humanity's first mission to a star is also the first mission to be named in honor of a living person. The pioneering astrophysicist, now 92, established a new field of solar research, heliophysics, in the 1950s. He was the first the theorize solar wind, the flow of charged gases from the sun, present in most of the solar system.

人類對一顆恒星的第一個任務(wù)也是第一個以活人命名的任務(wù)。這位92歲的天體物理學(xué)先驅(qū)在20世紀(jì)50年代創(chuàng)立了一個新的太陽研究領(lǐng)域——太陽物理學(xué)。他是第一個提出太陽風(fēng)理論的人，太陽風(fēng)是來自太陽的帶電氣體流，存在于太陽系的大部分區(qū)域。

The probe is on a seven-year mission to unlock the mysteries of the sun.

該探測器正執(zhí)行為期7年的任務(wù)，以解開太陽之謎。

As Nicky Fox, director of NASA's Heliophysics Division, said, "one year down, six to go."

正如美國宇航局太陽物理學(xué)部門主任尼基·福克斯所說，“一年過去了，還有六年。”

But the first year has already provided scientists with a plethora of data.

但第一年已經(jīng)為科學(xué)家們提供了許多的數(shù)據(jù)。

"We're very happy," Fox said. "We've managed to bring down at least twice as much data as we originally suspected we'd get from those first two perihelion passes."

“我們很高興，”福克斯說。“我們已經(jīng)設(shè)法帶回了至少兩倍于我們最初估計的前兩次近日點通行證的數(shù)據(jù)。”

The observations and data could provide insight about the physics of stars, change what we know about the mysterious corona, increase understanding of solar wind and help improve forecasting of major space weather events. Those events can affect satellites and astronauts as well as the Earth -- including power grids and radiation exposure on airline flights, NASA said.

這些觀測和數(shù)據(jù)可以提供關(guān)于恒星物理學(xué)的見解，改變我們對神秘日冕的了解，增進對太陽風(fēng)的了解，并有助于改進對主要太空天氣事件的預(yù)測。NASA表示，這些事件會影響衛(wèi)星、宇航員以及地球，包括電網(wǎng)和航空飛行中的輻射暴露。

Solar wind screams past Earth at a million miles per hour, and disturbances can cause disruptive space weather that affects our planet.

太陽風(fēng)以每小時一百萬英里的速度呼嘯而過地球，擾動會造成破壞性的太空天氣，影響我們的星球。

Surveys by the National Academy of Sciences have estimated that a solar event with no warning could cause $2 trillion in damage in the United States and leave parts of the country without power for a year.

美國國家科學(xué)院(National Academy of Sciences)的調(diào)查估計，一場沒有預(yù)警的太陽活動可能給美國造成2萬億美元的損失，并導(dǎo)致美國部分地區(qū)停電一年。

The mission's objectives include "tracing the flow of energy that heats and accelerates the sun's corona and solar wind, determining the structure and dynamics of the plasma and magnetic fields at the sources of the solar wind and explore mechanisms that accelerate and transport energetic particles."

該任務(wù)的目標(biāo)包括“追蹤加熱和加速太陽日冕和太陽風(fēng)的能量流，確定太陽風(fēng)來源的等離子體和磁場的結(jié)構(gòu)和動力學(xué)，探索加速和輸送高能粒子的機制。”

"The data we're seeing from Parker Solar Probe's instruments is showing us details about solar structures and processes that we have never seen before," said project scientist Nour Raouafi of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. "Flying close to the Sun -- a very dangerous environment -- is the only way to obtain this data, and the spacecraft is performing with flying colors."

約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)應(yīng)用物理實驗室的項目科學(xué)家Nour Raouafi說:“我們從帕克太陽探測器的儀器中得到的數(shù)據(jù)向我們展示了我們從未見過的太陽結(jié)構(gòu)和過程的細(xì)節(jié)。”“接近太陽飛行——一個非常危險的環(huán)境——是獲得這些數(shù)據(jù)的唯一途徑，而航天器的表現(xiàn)非常出色。”