研究:氯胺酮可以幫助酗酒者減少飲酒

研究:氯胺酮可以幫助酗酒者減少飲酒

Ketamine was once known as the club drug of choice for wild ravers — but it could soon become synonymous with sobriety.

氯胺酮曾被認(rèn)為是俱樂(lè)部里狂野狂歡者的首選藥物，但它可能很快就會(huì)成為清醒的同義詞。

A new study has found that the drug — also known as Special K — can help heavy drinkers cut back dramatically on alcohol.

一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種也被稱(chēng)為Special K的藥物可以幫助酗酒者大幅減少酒精攝入量。

Just a single dose, when combined with some mental exercises, lowers booze use by “rewriting” the memories of drinking that make alcoholics drink too much, said the study, published Tuesday in the journal Nature Communications.

周二發(fā)表在《自然通訊》(Nature Communications)雜志上的這項(xiàng)研究稱(chēng)，只需一劑，再加上一些腦力鍛煉，就能“改寫(xiě)”飲酒的記憶，從而降低飲酒量，使酗酒者飲酒過(guò)量。

A group of British researchers looked at 90 beer lovers “with hazardous/harmful drinking patterns” who were known to down roughly 30 pints a week.

一組英國(guó)研究人員調(diào)查了90名“有危險(xiǎn)/有害飲酒模式”的啤酒愛(ài)好者，這些人每周大約喝下30品脫啤酒。

Participants were first given a glass of beer and told they could drink it after looking at and rating a series of images of other beverages, such as orange juice, beer, wine and soft drinks.

研究人員先讓參與者喝一杯啤酒，然后讓他們看一系列其他飲料的圖片并對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)級(jí)，比如橙汁、啤酒、葡萄酒和軟飲料。

The researchers then gave some of the people a small dose of ketamine, which is known to have an effect on people’s memories.

然后，研究人員給一些人服用小劑量的氯胺酮，這是已知的對(duì)人的記憶有影響的藥物。

By day 10 of the study, the people who were given ketamine combined with memory therapy saw reductions in their urge to drink and drank less alcohol.

在研究的第10天，服用氯胺酮和記憶療法的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們想喝酒的欲望減弱了，也少喝了酒。

Those given the ketamine halved their weekly alcohol consumption over nine months, the study said. Researchers said this could completely change the way alcohol treatment is conducted.

研究稱(chēng)，那些服用氯胺酮的人在九個(gè)月的時(shí)間里每周飲酒量減少了一半。研究人員表示，這可能會(huì)徹底改變酒精治療的方式。

“We found that heavy drinkers experienced a long-term improvement after a very quick and simple experimental treatment,” said the study’s lead author, Dr. Ravi Das.

研究報(bào)告的主要撰寫(xiě)人拉維·達(dá)斯博士說(shuō):“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過(guò)快速而簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)驗(yàn)治療，重度飲酒者的癥狀有了長(zhǎng)期的改善。”

“Learning is at the heart of why people become addicted to drugs or alcohol. Essentially, the drug hijacks the brain’s in-built reward-learning system, so that you end up associating environmental ‘triggers’ with the drug. These produce an exaggerated desire to take the drug,” said Das.

“學(xué)習(xí)是人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)對(duì)毒品和酒精上癮的核心。從本質(zhì)上講，這種藥物劫持了大腦內(nèi)建的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)，因此你最終會(huì)將環(huán)境“觸發(fā)因素”與藥物聯(lián)系起來(lái)。這就產(chǎn)生了一種夸大的吸毒欲望。”達(dá)斯說(shuō)。

The study’s senior author, Sunjeev Kamboj, a professor at University College London, called ketamine “a safe, common drug that is being explored for multiple psychiatric uses, including depression.”

該研究的主要作者，倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的教授Sunjeev Kamboj稱(chēng)氯胺酮是“一種安全、常見(jiàn)的藥物，正在被探索用于多種精神病學(xué)用途，包括抑郁癥。”