研究表明，男性應(yīng)該被允許在死后捐獻(xiàn)精子

研究表明，男性應(yīng)該被允許在死后捐獻(xiàn)精子

Sperm donations from dead men is "ethically permissible," say doctors seeking to tackle the shortage of living donors in the UK.

尋求解決英國(guó)活體捐贈(zèng)者短缺問(wèn)題的醫(yī)生們表示，來(lái)自死者的精子捐贈(zèng)是“道德上允許的”。

A study published in the Journal of Medical Ethics Monday proposed that men should be able to "register their desire to donate their sperm after death for use by strangers."

周一發(fā)表在《醫(yī)學(xué)倫理學(xué)雜志》上的一項(xiàng)研究建議，男性應(yīng)該能夠“登記自己死后捐獻(xiàn)精子給陌生人使用的意愿”。

Such a procedure would be similar to organ donation, authors Dr. Nathan Hodson of the University of Leicester and Dr. Joshua Parker of Manchester's Wythenshawe Hospital wrote in the study.

萊斯特大學(xué)的南森漢森博士和曼徹斯特維森西奧醫(yī)院的朱莎帕克博士在研究中寫道，這樣的程序?qū)㈩愃朴谄鞴倬栀?zèng)。

"If it is morally acceptable that individuals can donate their tissues to relieve the suffering of others in 'life-enhancing transplants' for diseases, we see no reason this cannot be extended to other forms of suffering like infertility, which may or may not also be considered a disease," the study says.

研究稱：“如果個(gè)人可以捐贈(zèng)自己的組織來(lái)減輕他人在‘增進(jìn)生命的移植’中對(duì)疾病的痛苦，這在道德上是可以接受的，那么我們認(rèn)為這沒有理由不能擴(kuò)展到其他形式的痛苦，比如不孕不育，這可能被認(rèn)為是一種疾病，也可能不被認(rèn)為是一種疾病。”

The mechanics of donating, they say, are entirely feasible through either electroejaculation or surgical methods.

他們說(shuō)，通過(guò)電射精或手術(shù)方法，捐贈(zèng)的機(jī)制是完全可行的。

Sperm would be cryopreserved following collection and thawed when chosen for reproduction, the authors said.

作者說(shuō)，收集后的精子將被低溫保存，并在選擇用于繁殖時(shí)解凍。

Scientists said that harvesting sperm after death has been possible for many years and there is evidence that it can be used in reproduction. Sperm retrieved even up to 48 hours after death can result in viable pregnancies and healthy children, they said.

科學(xué)家們表示，多年來(lái)，人們一直有可能在死后收集精子，而且有證據(jù)表明，精子可以用于生殖。他們說(shuō)，即使在死亡48小時(shí)后，精子仍能被回收，這將會(huì)導(dǎo)致懷孕和孩子健康成長(zhǎng)。

Ongoing shortage of sperm donors in UK

英國(guó)精子捐獻(xiàn)者持續(xù)短缺

The process would address the ongoing shortage of donor sperm in the UK, argue the authors, which has led to Britain importing commercially donated sperm to cope with demand from couples struggling to conceive.

該研究的作者認(rèn)為，這一過(guò)程將解決英國(guó)目前捐獻(xiàn)精子短缺的問(wèn)題，這已導(dǎo)致英國(guó)進(jìn)口商業(yè)捐獻(xiàn)精子，以滿足不孕不育夫婦的需求。

In 2017. an estimated 4.000 samples were imported from the US and another 3.000 from Denmark, according to the UK's Department of Health and Social Care.

根據(jù)英國(guó)衛(wèi)生和社會(huì)保障部的數(shù)據(jù)，2017年，估計(jì)有4000個(gè)樣本從美國(guó)進(jìn)口，另外3000個(gè)樣本從丹麥進(jìn)口。

Researchers argued that sperm donated in this way could offer solace to the donor's bereaved family.

研究人員認(rèn)為，用這種方式捐獻(xiàn)的精子可以給捐獻(xiàn)者的家屬帶來(lái)安慰。

"Grieving families commonly take solace in the knowledge that their loved one's organs have been used to improve the lives of others," the paper states.

“悲痛的家庭通常在得知他們所愛的人的器官被用來(lái)改善他人的生活時(shí)得到安慰，”該論文寫道。

"Given the value that society places on parenthood and child-rearing, there is reason to believe that families of donors would react in a similar way regarding the donation of gametes."

“考慮到社會(huì)對(duì)父母和養(yǎng)育子女的重視，我們有理由相信，捐獻(xiàn)者的家庭也會(huì)對(duì)配子的捐獻(xiàn)做出類似的反應(yīng)。”

But, according to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA), donors must be screened in line with legal requirements and guidance. HFEA is the UK agency that regulates fertility clinics.

但是，根據(jù)人類受精和胚胎管理局的規(guī)定，捐獻(xiàn)者必須按照法律要求和指導(dǎo)進(jìn)行篩選。人類受精和胚胎管理局是管理生育診所的英國(guó)機(jī)構(gòu)。

This includes medical screenings which can only be carried out while the donor is alive. At present, HFEA says, donors must be fully informed about the process and its implications, offered counseling and consent to the procedure.

這包括只能在捐獻(xiàn)者在世時(shí)進(jìn)行的醫(yī)療篩查。人類受精和胚胎管理局說(shuō)，目前，捐贈(zèng)者必須充分了解這一過(guò)程及其影響，提供咨詢并同意這一程序。