第15章　副　詞 15.4　副詞的位置

15.4　副詞的位置

15.4.1　一般副詞的位置

1) 多數(shù)副詞都放在所修飾動詞后面（a）或句末（賓語或狀語后面）（b）：

a． It's raining hard. 雨下得很大。

They lived happily ever after. 從此他們過上了幸福的生活。

She moved about gracefully. 她優(yōu)雅地走來走去。

He speaks (behaves) naturally. 他講話（舉止）很自然。

b． He gave her the money reluctantly. 他不情愿地把錢給了她。

He looked at me suspiciously. 他用懷疑的目光看著我。

She doesn't work here now. 她現(xiàn)在不在這里工作了。

I'll come and see you tomorrow. 我明天來看你。

2) 有時放在主語和動詞之間，這時有三種情況：

a． 賓語較長時，副詞常常提前（以免副詞離動詞太遠(yuǎn)）：

He carefully picked up all the bits of broken glass. 他仔細(xì)地把碎玻璃都撿了起來。

He angrily denied that he had stolen the documents. 他氣憤地否認(rèn)竊取了文件。

They secretly decided to leave the town. 他們秘密決定離開這座城市。

The firemen bravely went into the burning house. 消防隊員勇敢地沖進熊熊燃燒的房子。

b． 有些說明性格或智力的副詞，?？煞旁趧釉~前面：

I foolishly forgot my passport. 我愚蠢地忘了帶護照。

He generously paid for us all. 他大方地替大家付了錢。

He kindly waited for me. 他好心地等候我們。

They warmly welcomed us at the door. 他們在門口熱烈歡迎我們。

c． 有些副詞，如suddenly，soon，nearly，surely，almost，just，still，really等，常可以放在動詞前面：

I almost forgot about the whole thing. 我?guī)缀醢颜麄€這件事給忘了。

She suddenly fell ill. 她突然病了。

He nearly died of starvation. 他差點餓死。

I still don't understand. 我還是不懂。

3) 有些副詞常放在助動詞和主要動詞之間（a）或主語和表語之間（b）：

a． I'm still waiting for an answer. 我還在等待答復(fù)。

I've just returned from Shanghai. 我剛從上?；貋?。

She's already gone home. 她已經(jīng)回家了。

b． The meeting is just over. 會剛結(jié)束。

She was still weak after her long illness. 她久病之后身子還很虛弱。

Then she was already out of his mind. 這時他已不想她了。

4) 有些副詞為了強調(diào)可放在句首：

Indoors it was nice and warm. 室內(nèi)非常暖和舒服。

Recently I haven't been feeling very well. 最近我感到身子不太舒服。

Indeed the note has disappointed me. 的確這條子使我很失望。

Really, it needs watering. 真的它該澆水了。

Apparently, he knew the town well. 顯然他很熟悉這座城市。

15.4.2　頻度副詞的位置

1) 頻度副詞通常放在下面三個位置：

a． 放在動詞前面：

They sometimes stay up all night. 他們有時徹夜不眠。

She never saw him again. 她再也沒見到他。

He seldom watches TV. 他很少看電視。

I usually go to bed at eleven. 我通常十一點睡覺。

b． 放在助動詞后面（主要動詞前面）：

He can never understand that. 他永遠(yuǎn)理解不了這一點。

I have often thought of you. 我常常想到你。

Have you ever ridden a camel? 你騎過駱駝嗎？

Does she often come to see you? 她常來看你嗎？

c． 如句子里有系動詞be，則通常放在be后面：

He's always at home in the evening. 他晚上總在家。

She's often late. 她常常遲到。

He's seldom out of pain. 他很少有不疼的時候。

His thoughts were frequently on her. 他經(jīng)常想到她。

2) 頻度副詞有時可放在其他位置：

a． 為了強調(diào)可放在句首：

Always, we went on foot. 我們總是步行去。

Occasionally he came to see us. 偶爾他來看望我們。

Often I didn't see her until the evening. 常常我要到晚上才看到她。

Generally she remained in on weekdays. 一般周日她都待在家里。

Sometimes we're busy and sometimes we're not. 我們有時很忙，有時不忙。

b． 有時為了強調(diào)，可放在情態(tài)動詞、助動詞及動詞be前面：

We usually don't get up until nine on Sundays. 星期天我們通常九點才起床。

He never would go to a doctor, he didn't believe in them. 他從不去看醫(yī)生，他不相信他們。

She hardly ever has met him. 她幾乎從未見過他。

I never can remember telephone numbers. 我從來記不住電話號碼。

He always is late when we've an important meeting. 我們有重要會議時，他總是遲到。

c． 間或也可放在句末：

I have endless occupation always. 我總是有做不完的事。

I don't see her often. 我不常見她。

He comes over to see us sometimes. 他有時過來看望我們。

Lester came only occasionally. 萊斯特只是偶爾來。

I should certainly visit her frequently to cheer her up. 我確實應(yīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)常去看她，讓她高興起來。

15.4.3　某些類副詞的位置

1) 疑問副詞、連接副詞和關(guān)系副詞通常都在句子或從句的開頭：

How are things going? 情況如何？

That's how I look at it. 這就是我的看法。

The first thing is to find out where she is. 首先得打聽她在哪兒。

We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我們到了必須改一改的地步。

Here are the reasons why we do it. 這些就是我們這樣做的原因。

2) 句子副詞一般放在句首：

Maybe he would come round yet. 或許他會回心轉(zhuǎn)意。

Actually, she had altered much less than I. 實際上她的變化比我小。

Fortunately, he found the money he'dlost. 幸好他找到了丟失的錢。

Surely you'll stay for dinner. 你一定留下吃晚飯。

有時也可放在其他位置，如：

She actually expected me to do it for her. 她實際上是指望我替她干。

There has evidently been some mistake. 顯然哪兒出了岔子。

You must know Bulla, surely! 你肯定認(rèn)識波拉，沒錯的！

3) 程度副詞都放在所修飾的詞前面：

I'm awfully sorry for what has happened. 發(fā)生了這事我非常抱歉。

We are getting along fairly well. 我們相處得相當(dāng)好。

She was extremely friendly. 她極為友好。

I wasn't much surprised. 我并不太吃驚。

4) 有些副詞位置很靈活，如only和even，可放在與它們意思最密切的詞之前：

only：

Only he knows some English. 只有他懂些英語。

He can only read. He can't speak. 他只會看，不會說。

She speaks only French. 她只會講法語。

I'll stay only for two days. 我只能待兩天。

There were only five girls in our class. 我們班上只有五個女生。

even：

Even my father doesn't know this word. 連我父親都不認(rèn)識這個詞。

She even helped us to do our housework. 她甚至幫助我們做家務(wù)。

Even at night he seldom relaxed. 即使在晚上他也很少休息。

It was cold even in August. 即使在八月這兒也很冷。

He was afraid to take even a drink of water. 他連一口水都不敢喝。

He looked happy, even gay. 他顯得高興，甚至很快活。