高中語(yǔ)法專練：i. 不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別

i. 不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別

1. 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，表示比較抽象的、經(jīng)常的行為，通常不與特定的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者聯(lián)系在一起，多用動(dòng)名詞；而表示特定的具體的行為，特別是將來(lái)的行為，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作，往往與特定的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者聯(lián)系在一起，多用不定式。

Teaching is also learning.

教學(xué)也是學(xué)習(xí)。

To move away such a large stone isn't easy.

搬動(dòng)這么大一塊石頭是不容易的。

Is it necessary to complet e the design before National Day?

很有必要國(guó)慶節(jié)前完成這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)嗎？

2. It's no good （no use, no harm, a waste of ... ,worth while）句型后一般用動(dòng)名詞作真正的主語(yǔ)。

It's no use crying over spilt milk.

為灑了的牛奶哭是沒(méi)用的。（覆水難收。）

It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to help others.

企圖說(shuō)服他幫助別人是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

5. there being的動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以直接位于句首作主語(yǔ)，there to be不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用for作引導(dǎo)詞。

For there to be so few people in the street on Sunday was unusual.

周日街上人那么少很不尋常。

It was unusual for there to be no late comers.

沒(méi)有晚來(lái)的人很不正常。

There being a bus stop near our school will be a pleasant thing.

我校附近有個(gè)公共汽車(chē)站將是件令人高興的事。

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1. _______ a language requires time and effort.

A. Learn

B. Learning

C. To learn

D. Being learned

2. It is not always easy _______ invitations.

A. to refuse

B. refusing

C. to be refused

D. being refused

3. _______ now seems impossible.

A. Saving money

B. To save money

C. Being saved money

D. To be saved money

4. To answer correctly is more important than _______.

A. a quick finish

B. to finish quickly

C. finishing quickly

D. you finish quickly

5. How _______ the problem will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.

A. to solve

B. to be solved

C. being solved

D. solving

6. It was polite _______ the child to give up his seat to the elderly woman.

A. for

B. of

C. to

D. with

7. Is it necessary _______ the book immediately?

A. for him to return

B. that he returns

C. his returning

D. of him to return

8. It _______ forty-five minutes _______ there by bus.

A. cost；to get

B. takes；getting

C. takes；to get

D. takes；to get to

9. It is no good _______. You should give _______.

A. to smoke; it up

B. smoking; it up

C. smoking; up it

D. to smoke; up it

10. It is no _______ debating with Tom, because he will never change his mind.

A. use

B. help

C. time

D. while

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