新奇事件簿 現(xiàn)金回報(bào)更能激勵(lì)人們減肥

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Nutritionists and dieting experts have long sought the answer to how to encourage people to lose weight. It seems overweight people are more interested in the size of their wallets than their waistlines. Researchers in the USA may have found one answer – cash rewards and penalties. A year-long study of 100 weight watchers by the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota found a system of financial incentives and fines had a significant impact on people's success in shedding kilos. The weight-conscious dieters received $20 a month if they met their weight loss goals and had to pay a penalty if they didn't. Those motivated by financial gain lost an average of 4.1kg, compared to just 1kg for those without the cash bonus.

營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家和節(jié)食專家長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直尋找如何鼓勵(lì)人們減肥的答案?？瓷先ニ坪醭氐娜藢?duì)他們錢(qián)包的厚度比對(duì)腰圍的尺寸更感興趣。美國(guó)研究人員可能發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)答案——現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰。明尼蘇達(dá)梅奧診所對(duì)100名超重者進(jìn)行的長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)獎(jiǎng)懲系統(tǒng)對(duì)激勵(lì)人們減肥有著重要影響。在意體重的節(jié)食者如果達(dá)到了減肥目標(biāo)每月可以獲得20美元的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，如果沒(méi)有達(dá)到目標(biāo)必須繳納罰款。受到現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)激勵(lì)的人平均減肥4.1千克，而沒(méi)有獎(jiǎng)金的人只減肥1千克。

The study followed 100 obese adults aged between 18 to 63, who were weighed every month for a year. They were put into four groups, some with a monetary focus, others with an emphasis on education and behaviour change. The $20 a month was enough for the financially-motivated dieters to out-diet the other groups. Mayo Clinic's Dr Donald Hensrud said: "Just wanting to lose weight isn't enough. Financial incentives can be powerful." Head researcher Dr Steven Driver found the fear of losing money was stronger than the thought of receiving a bonus. He said: "Fear of losing money tends to motivate people about two and a half times more than the prospect of gaining the same amount of money."

這項(xiàng)研究追蹤了100名介于18歲到63歲的肥胖成年人，一年之內(nèi)每個(gè)月都測(cè)量體重。他們被分成四個(gè)小組，一些有金錢(qián)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，其他人則強(qiáng)調(diào)教育和行為方面的改變。每月20美元對(duì)于那些受金錢(qián)激勵(lì)的節(jié)食者來(lái)說(shuō)足以超越另外一組節(jié)食者。梅奧診所的Donald Hensrud博士表示：“僅僅有減肥的想法是不夠的。金錢(qián)激勵(lì)的威力比較強(qiáng)大。”首席研究員Steven Driver博士發(fā)現(xiàn)，害怕?lián)p失金錢(qián)的念頭比得到獎(jiǎng)金的念頭更加強(qiáng)烈。他說(shuō)：“害怕?lián)p失金錢(qián)的效果是希望得到同樣金額獎(jiǎng)金的效果的2.5倍。”