主播:David(美國(guó)) | 翩翩(中國(guó)青島)
音樂:10,000 Hours
主播介紹:
David在中國(guó)居住7年,現(xiàn)在就讀于美國(guó)加州大學(xué)伯克利分校(UCB),學(xué)習(xí)商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。
今天,我們要談?wù)摰脑掝}是:由于文化背景的不同,而造成的culture shock(文化沖擊)。
1.What is “culture shock”? 什么是“文化沖擊”?
Culture shock 就是當(dāng)你move to a new environment and culture,所感受到的confusion and difficulties。
Culture shock 會(huì)出現(xiàn),是因?yàn)閘ifestyle and etiquette的不同。
Culture shock出現(xiàn)于 not only between 2 countries, but also cities , companies, schools等任何新的環(huán)境。
*confusion /k?n?fju??n/ n. 困惑,混亂
*lifestyle /?la?fsta?l/ n. 生活方式
*etiquette /et?ket/ n. 禮儀;規(guī)矩
*not only... but also... 不僅……而且……
2.文化沖擊一:Differences in transportation交通的差異
In China, many people ride public transportation(公共交通) like subways(地鐵) and buses.
In the US, almost everyone drives a car.
如果在美國(guó)沒有車的話,it’s super super hard(超超超……級(jí)難) to go to the store or to go to places you want。
美國(guó)人不太使用public transportation,主要是因?yàn)閜ublic transportation is super expensive(相當(dāng)貴)。
雖然是有Uber(美國(guó)的一款打車APP),但它會(huì)花費(fèi)way too much money(太多錢)。
Uber is really similar to DiDi in China (和滴滴APP一樣),you call someone through the APP,然后他們就會(huì)把你帶到 your destination(目的地)。但兩個(gè)軟件主要的區(qū)別是,Uber is more expensive that DiDi。
美國(guó)交通的另外一個(gè)不便是,there aren’t as many stops to ride public transportation(沒有太多站點(diǎn))。
* public transportation公共交通
*way too much 太多了(way在這里是一個(gè)副詞,“大大地”)
*be similar to 與……相似
*destination/?dest??ne??n/ n. 目的地
3.文化沖擊二:Differences in dining就餐文化的差異
除了公共交通昂貴之外,eating at restaurants(在餐廳吃飯) is more expensive in general , too,部分是因?yàn)閠he tip to a waiter(給服務(wù)員的小費(fèi))。
在中國(guó)的飲食文化里,most places will not accept tip,但現(xiàn)在有一些西餐廳或者星級(jí)酒店,也會(huì)charge for tips,一般是15%。
In California, the average tip minimum is 15%.(If you go to a restaurant and buy $100 of food, you need to tip your waiter at least $15.100美元的飯至少要付15美元的小費(fèi))
It is not 100% mandatory at every restaurant, but a lot of a waiter’s income comes from tip.
所以,在美國(guó)就餐,付小費(fèi)就逐漸變成了an etiquette。
*accept /?k?sept/ v. 接受
*charge for 為……收費(fèi)
*average/??v?r?d?/adj.平均的
*minimum /?m?n?m?m/ n. 最小值
*mandatory /?m?nd?t??ri/ adj. 強(qiáng)制的
4.文化沖擊三:Differences in social norms 社會(huì)規(guī)范的差異
社會(huì)規(guī)范有點(diǎn)像 how people expect you to treat other people.(人們對(duì)你如何對(duì)待別人的期待)。
美國(guó)的社會(huì)規(guī)范 is a little more strict compared to China for certain things(在某些事情上,比中國(guó)更嚴(yán)格)。
If they see other people spit on the ground,他們可能會(huì)get angry, because it goes against their social norm.
對(duì)于littering這件事,美國(guó)的社會(huì)規(guī)范也是更加嚴(yán)格,會(huì)有l(wèi)ittering fine。Your first littering fine is usually more than $250, or 1600 RMB.
*strict/str?kt/ adj. 嚴(yán)格的
*certain /?s?:rtn/adj. 某些
*spit on the ground 隨地吐痰
*go against 與……相違背
5.Some advice on getting to the US去美國(guó)的建議
It is really important to learn about the differences between the US and China.
了解中美之間的文化差異至關(guān)重要。
1.Wewon'texperience culture shock when visiting. 不會(huì)感受到強(qiáng)烈的“文化沖擊”。
2.It might help them avoid having to pay so much money for breaking a law.避免因?yàn)檫`反法律的罰款。
It would definitely help visitors from China to the US to keep in mind(牢記在心) that:
Transportation is mostly centered around cars.出行靠開車。
Restaurants ask for tip.出去用餐至少是15%的小費(fèi)。
There is littering fine. 亂扔垃圾會(huì)被罰款。
Don’t spit on the ground. 隨地吐痰會(huì)讓人覺得被冒犯。
中國(guó)和美國(guó)都有 unique aspects(獨(dú)一無二的方面)to their culture, 所以人們到一個(gè)新的環(huán)境中時(shí),need to be flexible(靈活的)。了解這些差異,可以幫助people from different backgrounds understand each other better,避免見面時(shí)的麻煩。
David現(xiàn)在在加州大學(xué)伯克利分校學(xué)商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(Business Economics),大家有什么感興趣的問題,或者想聽的話題,可以留言告訴我們。下期的話題,由你來定!
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