在50歲以下的人群中，結(jié)腸癌和直腸癌的發(fā)病率正在上升

在50歲以下的人群中，結(jié)腸癌和直腸癌的發(fā)病率正在上升

Cases of colon and rectal cancer are on the rise in young adults -- and the median age of patients diagnosed is getting lower.

在年輕人中，結(jié)腸和直腸癌的病例呈上升趨勢，而被診斷的患者的中位年齡正在下降。

Colorectal cancer is the third deadliest cancer among men and women in the United States --after lung and prostate in men and lung and breast in women.

結(jié)腸直腸癌是美國男性和女性中第三大致命癌癥，僅次于男性的肺癌和前列腺癌，女性的肺癌和乳腺癌。

Actor Chadwick Boseman died of colon cancer Friday at age 43 after battling the disease for years. Medical experts have said colorectal cancer cases among younger people are going up -- with cases among those under 50 increasing since the 1990s, according to a March report by the American Cancer Society.

演員查德威克·博斯曼在與結(jié)腸癌抗爭多年后，于周五因結(jié)腸癌去世，享年43歲。美國癌癥協(xié)會3月份發(fā)布的一份報告顯示，醫(yī)學專家表示，年輕人患結(jié)腸直腸癌的人數(shù)正在上升，50歲以下人群患結(jié)腸直腸癌的人數(shù)自上世紀90年代以來不斷增加。

Half of all new diagnoses are in people age 66 and younger, the report said.

報告稱，在所有新診斷的患者中，有一半年齡在66歲及66歲以下。

The American Cancer Society recommends regular screening for colon and rectal cancer starts at age 45. Other health organizations in the United States still recommend routine screening starting at age 50.

美國癌癥協(xié)會建議從45歲開始定期檢查結(jié)腸癌和直腸癌。美國的其他衛(wèi)生組織仍然建議從50歲開始進行常規(guī)篩查。

The median age is going down

中位年齡在下降

In 2017 -- the most recent data available -- 52,547 people died of colorectal cancer nationwide,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

根據(jù)美國疾病控制和預防中心的數(shù)據(jù)，2017年——可獲得的最新數(shù)據(jù)——全國有52547人死于結(jié)腸直腸癌。

In the report, the American Cancer Society found that the median age for people diagnosed with colorectal cancer was 72 in 1989. It stayed that way until the early 2000s and then fell to 66 by 2016.

在這份報告中，美國癌癥協(xié)會發(fā)現(xiàn)，1989年被診斷為結(jié)腸直腸癌的人的年齡中位數(shù)是72歲。這種情況一直持續(xù)到21世紀初，然后到2016年降至66歲。

ACS researchers found that the rate at which people are diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the United States is dropping among those 65 and older but rising in younger adults.

美國癌癥學會的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在美國，65歲以上的人被診斷為結(jié)腸直腸癌的比率在下降，但在年輕人中卻在上升。

Scientists knew cases of colorectal cancer was going up in younger age groups. "But we were surprised by how fast it is happening," said Rebecca Siegel, study co-author and scientific director of surveillance research at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta.

科學家們知道，結(jié)腸直腸癌的發(fā)病率在較年輕的人群中呈上升趨勢。“但我們對它發(fā)生的速度感到驚訝，”麗貝卡·西格爾說，她是亞特蘭大美國癌癥協(xié)會監(jiān)測研究的合著者和科學主任。

"This report is very important because it not only provides a snapshot of the current colorectal cancer burden, but also a window to the future," she said, adding that if the increases in younger adults continue, "doctors should be aware of the unique challenges in this patient population -- such as the need for the preservation of fertility and sexual function, as well as the risk of long-term treatment effects because of their extended life expectancy."

她說：“這份報告非常重要，因為它不僅提供了當前結(jié)腸直腸癌負擔的概況，而且為未來提供了一個窗口，”她補充說，如果年輕人的(發(fā)病率)繼續(xù)增長下去，“醫(yī)生應該意識到這個病人群體中的獨特挑戰(zhàn)——比如保持生育能力和性功能的必要性，以及由于他們的預期壽命延長而產(chǎn)生長期治療效果的風險。”

The obesity epidemic could be a factor
肥胖的流行可能是一個因素

The report included data on colorectal cancer cases and deaths from the National Cancer Institute and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, among others.

該報告包括了來自國家癌癥研究所和美國疾病控制和預防中心等機構(gòu)的結(jié)腸直腸癌病例和死亡數(shù)據(jù)。

Based on an analysis of the data, researchers found colorectal cancer cases among people younger than 50 have been increasing since the mid-1990s.

根據(jù)對數(shù)據(jù)的分析，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，50歲以下人群的結(jié)腸直腸癌病例自上世紀90年代中期以來一直在增加。

From 2012 to 2016, incidence rates among that age group rose by 2.2% annually and included tumors found in both the colon and the rectum, the study found.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，從2012年到2016年，該年齡組的發(fā)病率每年上升2.2%，其中包括結(jié)腸和直腸腫瘤。

Among adults ages 50 to 64, researchers found that colorectal cancer incidence declined during the 2000s, then reversed course and rose by 1% annually between 2011 and 2016. Among adults ages 65 and older, the study found that a rapid decline in colorectal cancer incidence persisted during the 2000s and that rates fell by 3.3% annually from 2011 to 2016.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在50歲至64歲的成年人中，結(jié)腸直腸癌發(fā)病率在21世紀前10年呈下降趨勢，然后在2011年至2016年之間出現(xiàn)逆轉(zhuǎn)，每年上升1%。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在65歲及以上的成年人中，結(jié)腸直腸癌發(fā)病率在21世紀初持續(xù)快速下降，從2011年到2016年，每年下降3.3%。