英語閱讀 學英語,練聽力,上聽力課堂! 注冊 登錄
> 輕松閱讀 > 英語漫讀 >  內(nèi)容

英語世界文摘:《浮生六記》英譯閱讀與討論(一)

所屬教程:英語漫讀

瀏覽:

2021年04月16日

手機版
掃描二維碼方便學習和分享

對于有些小伙伴來說,越是努力背單詞背語法,英語成績越是難看,倒不如去多讀多看些自己喜歡的文章,在文章中培養(yǎng)語感和理解力,下面是小編整理的關于英語世界文摘:《浮生六記》英譯閱讀與討論(一)的資料,希望對你有所幫助!

《浮生六記》英譯閱讀與討論(一)

文/劉士聰

沈復的《浮生六記》目前有三個譯本:

1. Six Chapters of A Floating Life(林語堂譯)

2. Six Records of a Floating Life(Translated by Leonard Pratt and Chiang Su-hui)

3. Chapters from a Floating Life(Translated by Shirley M. Black)

“閱讀與討論”文字,中文取自《浮生六記》(淮茗注釋,中州古籍出版社,鄭州,2010);英譯文取自譯本3。

閱讀討論《浮生六記》譯文Chapters from a Floating Life,也讀原文,了解乾隆朝一個普通文人的家庭生活、夫妻的恩愛與不幸,以及他們的藝術審美情趣。我們驚嘆沈復古文修養(yǎng)之好,他的文字,不論是《閨房記樂》還是《坎坷記愁》,讓人感動,讓人同情。關于譯文,譯者在其譯文《前言》里有一段敘述:

In translating the memoirs I have tried first of all to recreate the subtle emotional atmosphere, at once tragic, passionate and gay, which is, in my opinion, the outstanding characteristic of Shen Fu’s original. I have also tried to be as meticulous as I could in expressing the exact meaning of the Chinese words, at the same time trying to approximate the feeling of the author’s own way of expressing himself. This is a rather difficult job with languages as different from one another as Chinese and English and I do not know that I have even partially succeeded.

這段文字對我們閱讀和理解她的譯文很重要,她有如下三種嘗試:第一,tried... to recreate the subtle emotional atmosphere; 第二,tried to be as meticulous as I could in expressing the exact meaning of the Chinese words;第三,trying to approximate the feeling of the author’s own way of expressing himself。閱讀譯文時應想到譯者的這幾條意旨,在她的譯文里,我們常常看到的不是字詞的對譯,而是對語義濃縮的文言進行解讀,用英語將其內(nèi)在含義說透,且行文自然流暢,少有翻譯腔。這種譯法考慮了譯文讀者,也展示了一個翻譯策略,我們不妨稱之為“釋義”翻譯。

在談到中國文論和中國古典哲學著作中的術語翻譯時,宇文所安說,“……其實沒有什么最佳的翻譯,只有好的解說。任何翻譯都對原文有所改變,而且,任何一種傳統(tǒng)的核心概念和術語的翻譯都存在這個問題;……”1中國古典文學作品,也包括現(xiàn)當代文學作品,有很多敘述和描寫的語匯,習慣上可能不叫“術語”,但它們的翻譯,宇文所安的“解說”思想也適用。Shirley M. Black在翻譯《浮生六記》時似乎就是這樣做的,請閱讀時留意。

如,在描寫陳蕓時有這樣的文字:

“其形削肩長頸,瘦不露骨,眉彎目秀,顧盼神飛,唯兩齒微露,似非佳相。一種纏綿之態(tài),令人之意也消?!?

“顧盼神飛”一詞是這樣翻譯的:Her glance sparkled with intelligence and humour...

《紅樓夢》第三回描寫探春時也用了這個詞:

“第二個削肩細腰,長挑身材,鴨蛋臉兒,俊眼修眉,顧盼神飛,文彩精華,見之忘俗。”

霍克斯2譯文:... large, expressive eyes shot out glances that sparkled with animation.

諸如這類詞語在英語里難找到對應詞,翻譯只能對其進行解釋,隨譯者的理解,解釋的文字也不盡相同。

《浮生六記》譯文對原文有刪減,對情節(jié)有編排;細觀全文,偶爾有誤解和誤譯,翻譯這樣的文字,任何譯者都難免。

譯例1

【原文】余生乾隆癸未冬十一月二十有二日,正值太平盛世,且在衣冠之家,居蘇州滄浪亭畔,天之厚我,可謂至矣。東坡云:“事如春夢了無痕?!逼埐挥浿P墨,未免有辜彼蒼之厚。

【譯文】I was born in 1763, at a time of peace and unusual prosperity, in the reign of the Emperor Ch’ien Lung, on the twenty-second day of the eleventh month, in the winter of the year of the sheep. Mine was a full-dress family, one of scholars and gentle-people, who lived near the gardens of the Ts’ang-lang Pavilion, in the city of Soochow.

The gods, I should say, have always been more than generous to me; but, as the poet Su Tung-p’o wrote:

‘Life is like a spring dream

which ends—and leaves no traces.’

By setting down this story of mine, then, I hope to show my gratitude for Heaven’s many favours. (p1)

【簡評】可就以上譯文思考下面幾個問題:

1. 譯文第一句語序的變化,譯者為什么選擇這樣譯;2“. 太平盛世”譯法;3.“ 事如春夢了無痕”譯文;4.“ 茍不記之筆墨,未免有辜彼蒼之厚”將意義否定的句子譯為肯定句。

譯例2

【原文】……時但見滿室鮮衣,蕓獨通體素淡,僅新其鞋而已。見其繡制精巧,詢?yōu)榧鹤?,始知其慧心不僅在筆墨也?!颈尘埃呵∫椅矗?775)冬,蕓之“堂姐出閣,余又隨母往”,作者對所見蕓的裝束描述如下:】

【譯文】The house was gay, on this ceremonious occasion, with the rainbow-hued new robes of the family and the wedding guests. Yuen alone, looked her quiet, simple self, having added nothing to her everyday dress but a pair of bright new shoes. When I had admired the artistry of their embroidery and learned that she had made the shoes herself, I began to understand that Yuen was extremely capable and practical; that reading, writing, and composing poetry were only a few of her many accomplishments. (p5)

【簡評】譯者運用想象,描寫婚禮場景,“滿室鮮衣”,譯作家人和客人色彩鮮艷的新衣; gay(brightly colored) 和rainbow-hued(in different colors),是意義一致的兩個形容詞,意為“亮麗、多彩”;“蕓獨通體素淡”,譯文“Yuen alone, looked her quiet, simple self”,不只指蕓的穿著,更指她歷來以“素淡”為美,意義深一層?!肮P墨”,《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》中解釋為“指文字或詩文書畫等”,譯者將其譯作“reading, writing, and composing poetry”,很符合原文所指,且具體、確切,譯文讀者好懂。

譯者充分挖掘原文內(nèi)涵,做符合原文的“解說”和“補償”,譯文不淺不薄,有血有肉有味道,考慮了讀者對譯文的期盼。

注釋:

1. 見《中國文論》導言,第15頁。

2. 指戴維·霍克斯(David Hawkes,1923—2009),著名漢學家,年輕時即翻譯《楚辭》(The Songs of the South),其著作A Little Primer of Tu Fu是頗具權威且廣為人知的唐詩翻譯作品,而他的譯作The Story of the Stone(《紅樓夢》)更是身為翻譯家的非凡成就,為了全心致力于此翻譯計劃,他于1971 年辭去牛津大學中文系系主任一職。


用戶搜索

瘋狂英語 英語語法 新概念英語 走遍美國 四級聽力 英語音標 英語入門 發(fā)音 美語 四級 新東方 七年級 賴世雄 zero是什么意思欽州市欽州港碧海云天英語學習交流群

網(wǎng)站推薦

英語翻譯英語應急口語8000句聽歌學英語英語學習方法

  • 頻道推薦
  • |
  • 全站推薦
  • 推薦下載
  • 網(wǎng)站推薦