英文字典使用有技巧,托福詞匯不再難
文末還給大家推薦了4個(gè)超實(shí)用的在線英文字典!
Besides helping with spelling and word meanings, being able to use a dictionary effectively and regularly is a perfect way to improve your English language skills through the dictionary's range of other helpful information on everyday language usage and grammar.
經(jīng)常高效地使用詞典除了可以幫助我們熟悉拼寫和了解意思外，還可以讓我們學(xué)到許多有用的日常表達(dá)和語(yǔ)法，這真不失為提高英語(yǔ)水平的一種好方法。
Choose the right dictionary
選一本合適的詞典
Upgrade your dictionary every now and then so that you have access to the latest new words that are added to the dictionary every year.
時(shí)不時(shí)升級(jí)一下你的詞典，以便于你能了解每年收錄進(jìn)詞典里的新詞。
Find the section of the dictionary with first letter of your word
找到詞典中單詞首字母所在那部分
Dictionaries follow alphabetical order. For example, "dog" begins with "d" which means that it will be in the section after "c" and before "e".
詞典都是按字母表順序來(lái)排列的，比如說(shuō)“dog”的首字母是“d”，這就意味著“d“這個(gè)部分一定是在“c”部分之后，在“e”部分之前。
如何查找你聽(tīng)到的單詞：
Don't forget the possible spellings for trickier words, such as "gnome" begins with a voiceless "g", or "psychology" begins with a voiceless"p",or "knock" begins with a voiceless "k", etc.
別忘了一些“心機(jī)“單詞首字母不發(fā)音，比如說(shuō)“gnome”的首字母“g”不發(fā)音，“psychology”的首字母，“p”也不發(fā)音，還有“knock”的首字母“k”也是同理等等。
If you're not entirely sure what the first letter is, start with the letter it sounds like.If you can't find the word under that section, then try other sections.
如果你不確定這個(gè)單詞的首字母是什么，那就從它聽(tīng)起來(lái)像的這個(gè)字母開始找起。如果你在這個(gè)字母所在的部分里沒(méi)能找到這個(gè)詞，就再去其他部分找。
比如說(shuō)，你不知道“psychology”這個(gè)詞是以“p”開頭的，你可能就會(huì)在“s”部分里找這個(gè)單詞。
當(dāng)你在“s”部分里找不到，接下來(lái)你就可以試著去“p”的部分里找找看，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)想起你見(jiàn)過(guò)的“psychic”和“psychosis”這同一種套路的單詞。
Also, keep in mind that certain words sound alike that are spelled very differently. For example, "throne" and "thrown" are spelled differently and mean verydifferent things. So be careful that you end up with the correct word.
同樣，要記住有一些單詞在拼寫上完全不同但聽(tīng)起來(lái)卻很像。比如說(shuō)，“throne”和“thrown”這個(gè)兩個(gè)詞就是，但它們拼寫不同意思也不同。所以要特別注意你查到的那個(gè)單詞是不是正確的詞。
Read the guide words
查看單詞的索引
These are the two words at the top of the page that tell you what types of words are on the page. These words will help you find the word you're looking for in the right letter section.
在詞典的每頁(yè)上面都會(huì)有兩個(gè)單詞，它們可以告訴你這一頁(yè)的單詞是哪個(gè)部分的，及有什么樣的字母排列順序。這些單詞會(huì)幫你找到你要找的那個(gè)單詞首字母部分。
For example if you're looking for the word "bramble" you would begin looking in the "B" section.
比如你要查找“bramble”這個(gè)單詞，你肯定會(huì)從“B”部分開始查找。
You would look at the tops of the pages as you went through it until you came to the page with the guide words "braid bread."
你可以看看書頁(yè)頂部的單詞指引快速翻閱，直到翻到“braid bread”作為引導(dǎo)詞的那一頁(yè)，這意味著這頁(yè)的單詞是從“braid”開始到“bread”結(jié)束的。
This tells you that all the words between braid and bread are on this page. Since "bramble" starts with "b-r-a" it will be in this section.
因而以“b-r-a”開頭的“bramble”這個(gè)詞肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)在這一頁(yè)。
Scan down the page for your word
瀏覽頁(yè)面找目標(biāo)單詞
If you were looking for the word "futile," for example, you would move past "furry" and "fuse" and "fuss". Since the example word begins with "f-u-t", go past all the "f-u-r" and all the "f-u-s" words alphabetically until you reach the "f-u-t" area of the page.
因?yàn)槟繕?biāo)單詞的開頭是“f-u-t”，所以就不要管那些所有以“f-u-r”或“f-u-s”這些開頭的單詞了，看到這些單詞就繼續(xù)往后找，因?yàn)榘凑兆帜副眄樞颍?ldquo;f-u-t”一定在這頁(yè)這些詞的后面的位置。
In this example, move right down through "fut" and "Futhark" and this is where you will find "futile."
當(dāng)你看到了“fut”或是“Futhark”這樣的單詞時(shí)，你很快就能在他們的附近找到目標(biāo)單詞“futile”了。
Read the definition
閱讀(單詞)解釋
Once you've located the word it will tell you exactly what it means (and if it has more than one meaning, it will tell you the most common one first), how to pronounce it, how to capitalize it (if it's a proper noun), what part of speech it is and so on.
當(dāng)你成功定位某個(gè)單詞時(shí)，你可以看看它的解釋,(如果一個(gè)單詞有多個(gè)意思，那最常見(jiàn)的意思往往在最前面)。除了解釋之外，字典上還會(huì)有它的音標(biāo)，首字母需要大寫的情況(如果是專有名詞的話),及它的詞性等等。
Dictionaries can also sometimes give the synonyms and the antonyms of a word.So, for example, if your word is futile some synonyms might be "fruitless" or "unsuccessful" and some antonyms might be "effective" or "helpful."
字典有時(shí)會(huì)給出這個(gè)單詞的同義詞和反義詞，比如你查找的這個(gè)詞是“futile”，它會(huì)給出的近義詞有可能會(huì)是“fruitless”或者“unsuccessful”;而反義詞則可能會(huì)是“effective”或者“helpful”。
You might also find an etymology, derivation, or history of the word. Even if you don't know Latin or Ancient Greek, you may find that this information helps you to remember or understand the word.
你可能還會(huì)看到這個(gè)詞的詞源、派生詞或來(lái)歷。這樣，即使你看不懂拉丁語(yǔ)或者古希臘語(yǔ)，你還是可以通過(guò)這些信息來(lái)記住并理解這個(gè)詞。
Dictionaries also often provide spellings in other English derivations (US English, British English, Australian English, etc.).
詞典還經(jīng)常會(huì)提供這個(gè)詞在其他英語(yǔ)派生語(yǔ)言里的拼寫方式(例如美式英語(yǔ)，英式英語(yǔ)，澳洲英語(yǔ)等)。
You could use an online dictionary.
你可以使用在線詞典
你可能覺(jué)得查個(gè)字典好麻煩，翻來(lái)翻去還要判斷字母順序，還很有可能因?yàn)榘l(fā)音不準(zhǔn)確找不到目標(biāo)單詞。
現(xiàn)在，這種費(fèi)時(shí)的紙質(zhì)字典有了替代品——在線詞典。
Online dictionaries are easy. Choose a suitable free online dictionary, or a subscription one if your place of work or study subscribes.
在線詞典使用起來(lái)非常簡(jiǎn)單。選一個(gè)比較有權(quán)威的免費(fèi)在線詞典，或者是你的學(xué)校訂閱的在線詞典。
不過(guò)，搜索引擎沒(méi)有紙質(zhì)詞典那么負(fù)責(zé)，有一些在線詞典的錯(cuò)誤極多，不僅在單詞的例句中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)偏差，甚至有些解釋直接會(huì)出現(xiàn)搜索漏洞，出現(xiàn)牛頭不對(duì)馬嘴的現(xiàn)象。
所以要保證解釋的正確，選擇在線詞典就十分關(guān)鍵。接下來(lái)小編給大家推薦4個(gè)比較靠譜的在線詞典。
1.Dictionary and Thesaurus
韋氏在線詞典
美國(guó)最權(quán)威的在線詞典。提供基礎(chǔ)的釋義、例句、近義詞、詞根詞源，還能查到和單詞相關(guān)的熱點(diǎn)新聞、詞匯小故事等，幫你更加生動(dòng)形象的了解這個(gè)單詞的意思。
PS：?jiǎn)卧~的每個(gè)解釋、例句等都是全英語(yǔ)的哦，所謂英釋英...
2.Oxford English Dictionary
牛津英語(yǔ)詞典
很多時(shí)候權(quán)威就是權(quán)威，不僅解釋靠譜可信，而且英英詞典一個(gè)很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)就是可以給出很多英漢詞典里給不了的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)它還可以離線查閱，方便了很多網(wǎng)速力量不足的小伙伴，所以詞典里的大佬還是牛津英語(yǔ)詞典。
3.Longman Dictionary
朗文在線詞典
朗文在線詞典，最大的特點(diǎn)是真人朗讀!每個(gè)單詞的解釋非常的詳細(xì)，每個(gè)解釋都會(huì)配一個(gè)例句，每個(gè)例句都有真人朗讀~所以，還能跟著模仿，練口語(yǔ)!
4.Urban dictionary
城市詞典
最好的在線俚語(yǔ)詞典，收錄了最多最全俚語(yǔ)，很多其他地方查不到的俚語(yǔ)在這里都能找到。遇到不懂的俚語(yǔ)，就用這個(gè)!
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