全球最頂級面試!4男4女競聘聯(lián)合國秘書長

The United Nations took a historic step Tuesday toopen up the usually secret process of selecting thenext secretary-general, giving all countries thechance to question candidates on such issues as howthey would resist pressure from powerful nations,tackle sex abuse by UN peacekeepers, and improveefforts to achieve peace.

本周二(4月12日)，聯(lián)合國公開下任秘書長選舉過程，邁出歷史性的一步。在此之前，這一事項一直都是秘密進(jìn)行，從未對外公布。公開選舉中，各國降有機會就以下事宜對候選人進(jìn)行提問。如：他們將如何抵抗各大強國壓力?怎樣處理聯(lián)合國維和人員實施性虐待問題?又將如何加強維護世界和平?

Montenegro's Foreign Minister Igor Luksic was the first of eight candidates to face members ofthe UN General Assembly, citing his small Balkan nation's multiethnic and multiculturaldiversity as well as his experience as a former prime minister and defense minister in seekingthe UN's top diplomatic post. UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova and former UN refugeechief Antonio Guterres followed.

八位候選人中，黑山共和國外交部部長艾格·盧克西奇，率先向聯(lián)合國委員會列舉了本國種族多元化，文化多樣性的特色。為競選聯(lián)合國最高外交職位，他還說明自己曾擔(dān)任黑山共和國前國家總理及國防部長。隨后，聯(lián)合國教科文組織總干事伊琳娜·博科娃及聯(lián)合國前任難民署首席安東尼奧·古特雷斯也都各自作了介紹。

General Assembly President Mogens Lykketoft called it "a historic moment ... withoutprecedent at the United Nations."

聯(lián)合國委員會主席莫根斯·呂克托夫特說：“這是歷史性的一刻……在聯(lián)合國史無前例。”

"As the United Nations grapples with multiple crises and the organization deals with somefundamental questions regarding its own role and performance, finding the best possiblecandidates to succeed Ban Ki-moon is absolutely crucial," Lykketoft said. "For the first timesince this organization started 70 years ago, the process for selecting and appointing the nextsecretary-general is being generally guided by the principles of transparency and inclusivity."

呂克托夫特說：“聯(lián)合國現(xiàn)在要應(yīng)對多重危機，而且還要處理好這個組織本身的根本性問題，即，扮演什么角色?要履行什么責(zé)任?因此，尋找一位最佳候選人接任潘基文(聯(lián)合國第八任秘書長)的職務(wù)絕對是至關(guān)重要的。”呂克托夫特說，“這是聯(lián)合國成立70年來，首次在透明和包容的原則下，遴選下任聯(lián)合國秘書長。”

Under the UN Charter, the secretary-general is chosen by the 193-member General Assemblyon the recommendation of the 15-member Security Council.

按照《聯(lián)合國憲章》規(guī)定，秘書長先由安理會(由15名成員組成)推薦，再由委員會(由193名成員組成)選舉產(chǎn)生。

In practice, this has meant that the council's five permanent members—the US, Russia, China,Britain and France—have veto power over the candidates. That will not change in decidingwhom to recommend to succeed Ban, whose second five-year term ends on Dec. 31.

實際上，美國、俄羅斯、中國、英國和法國這五個安理會常任理事國對候選人具有否決權(quán)。但這并不影響安理會推薦的接任潘基文職位人員名單。至2016年12月31日，潘基文為期五年的秘書長第二任期職業(yè)生涯就結(jié)束了。

But Lykketoft told the assembly Tuesday that he views the question-and-answer sessions, whichwill continue through Thursday, "as a potential game-changer for the United Nations."

然而，呂克托夫特于告訴委員會說，他認(rèn)為，這種一問一答的面試形式將會顛覆選舉規(guī)則，成為聯(lián)合國的轉(zhuǎn)折點。面試將持續(xù)到周四。

"If there is a critical mass of countries supporting one single candidate, I don't think theSecurity Council will be coming up with quite a different name," he said. But "if there are many,many candidates and no clear favorite, it could very well be that the absolute final word will befrom the Security Council."

“如果很多國家都支持某一位候選人，我相信聯(lián)合國不會有什么異議。”呂克托夫特說，“但若沒有最佳人選，將由安理會做最后定奪。”

By tradition, the job of secretary-general has rotated among regions and Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe have all held the top UN post. East European nations, including Russia,argue that they have never had a secretary-general and it is their turn. There has also neverbeen a woman secretary-general and a group of 56 nations are campaigning for the first femaleUN chief.

按照慣例，秘書長職務(wù)由各地區(qū)人員輪流擔(dān)任。亞洲，非洲，拉丁美洲及歐洲均已有人擔(dān)任過這一聯(lián)合國最高職位。包括俄羅斯在內(nèi)的東歐國家紛紛抗議，表示該地區(qū)從未有人擔(dān)任過該職務(wù)，現(xiàn)在該輪到他們了。因為從未有女性擔(dān)任秘書長，還有56個國家在倡議要選出首位聯(lián)合國女秘書長。

There are currently four women and four men who have thrown their hats in the ring—six fromEastern Europe, one from Western Europe and one from the Asia-Pacific region.

目前，該職位共有男女各四名候選者——六名來自東歐，一名來自西歐，還有一名來自亞太地區(qū)。