美聯(lián)儲要求工商銀行整改反洗錢措施

The US Federal Reserve has ordered Industrial & Commercial Bank of China to overhaul its anti-money laundering protections after finding “serious deficiencies”.

美聯(lián)儲(Fed)已命令中國工商銀行(ICBC)徹底整改其反洗錢保護措施。此前，美聯(lián)儲發(fā)現(xiàn)該行在此方面存在“嚴重缺陷”。

ICBC, the world’s largest lender by assets, must offer a written plan within 60 days to the US central bank detailing how it will strengthen mechanisms to flag and report suspicious transactions, including those involving “politically exposed persons”. The Fed did not issue a fine.

作為全球資產(chǎn)規(guī)模最大的銀行，中國工商銀行必須在60天內(nèi)向美聯(lián)儲提交一份書面計劃，詳細說明自己將如何強化相關機制，以標記和匯報可疑交易，包括那些涉及“有政治風險的人士”的交易。美聯(lián)儲并未開出罰單。

As part of the order, ICBC must also hire an independent party approved by the Fed within 30 days to audit the bank’s dollar clearing transaction activity during the final six months of 2016.

命令還包括，中國工商銀行還必須在30天內(nèi)聘用一家經(jīng)美聯(lián)儲批準的獨立機構，審查其在2016年后6個月內(nèi)的美元結算交易活動。

ICBC was not immediately available to comment.

記者未能立即聯(lián)系到中國工商銀行就此置評。

“Foreign banks are generally not good at compliance. It isn’t high on their agenda,” said a former Fed official who declined to be named. “In many cases, compliance is also taken very lightly back home which means foreign banks are in for a rude awakening when they come to the US.”

“外資銀行通常在合規(guī)方面不太擅長。合規(guī)不是它們的重點議程，”一位不愿透露姓名的前美聯(lián)儲官員說。“在許多情況下，合規(guī)問題在外資行的母國也很不受重視。這意味著，它們來到美國后，才會猛然醒悟過來。”

Its New York branch opened in 2008, and the bank rents space in Manhattan’s Trump Tower.

2008年，中國工商銀行紐約分行開始營業(yè)，該行在曼哈頓的特朗普大廈(Trump Tower)租下了辦公空間。

China’s three other state-owned banks have faced similar demands from the Fed to overhaul their money laundering controls, including Agricultural Bank, which was slapped with a $215m penalty in 2016 by the central bank for hiding suspicious transactions.

包括中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行(ABC)在內(nèi)，中國其他三家國有銀行也面臨著美聯(lián)儲的類似要求：必須整改反洗錢防控措施。2016年，中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行因隱瞞可疑交易而被美聯(lián)儲處以2.15億美元的罰款。

UN sanctions against the Pyongyang regime have also been a sticking point among US regulators and Chinese banks, which have long handled transactions on behalf of North Korean entities, including some involved with the country’s ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programmes.

聯(lián)合國對平壤政權的制裁也始終是美國監(jiān)管機構和中資銀行之間的一個棘手問題。長期以來，中國各銀行一直在代表朝鮮機構進行交易，其中包括一些與朝鮮彈道導彈和核武器項目有關的機構。

Long term, China is hoping to bypass the Fed altogether. In 2015, it launched an international renminbi payments system to encourage global use of the Chinese currency. If widely adopted, the payments system would eventually allow China to send money globally in renminbi, without need for US dollar clearance, which would subject it to oversight from the Fed.

從長期來看，中國希望完全繞過美聯(lián)儲。2015年，中國啟動了一個國際人民幣支付系統(tǒng)，鼓勵全球使用人民幣。如果被廣泛采納，這個支付系統(tǒng)最終將允許中國以人民幣形式在全球范圍內(nèi)匯款，而無需進行美元結算。美元結算將使中國受到美聯(lián)儲的監(jiān)管。