特朗普的謊言與麻煩

As of last week, the American public had been told that President Donald Trump’s doctor had certified he would be the “the healthiest individual ever elected.” That the president was happy with his legal team and would not hire a new lawyer. That he did not know about the $130,000 payment to a former pornographic film actress who claimed to have had an affair with him.

直到上周，美國(guó)公眾聽(tīng)到的說(shuō)法還是唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)的醫(yī)生已經(jīng)證明他將是“有史以來(lái)最健康的當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)”?？偨y(tǒng)對(duì)他的法律團(tuán)隊(duì)很滿意，不會(huì)雇傭新律師。他對(duì)付給一名自稱與他有過(guò)一段風(fēng)流韻事的前色情片女演員13萬(wàn)美元(約合80萬(wàn)元人民幣)一事不知情。

As of this week, it turns out that the statement about his health was not actually from the doctor but had been dictated by Trump himself. That the president has split with the leaders of his legal team and hired the same new lawyer he had denied recruiting. And that Trump himself financed the $130,000 payment intended to buy the silence of the actress known as Stormy Daniels.

到了這一周，結(jié)果證明那份有關(guān)他健康狀況的聲明其實(shí)并不是出自醫(yī)生之手，而是特朗普自己口授的?？偨y(tǒng)已和他法律團(tuán)隊(duì)的負(fù)責(zé)人分道揚(yáng)鑣，并雇傭了一名新律師，正是他之前否認(rèn)過(guò)的那個(gè)人。而付給女演員“暴風(fēng)丹尼爾斯”(Stormy Daniels)的13萬(wàn)美元封口費(fèi)是特朗普自己出的。

Even in the current political environment that some derisively call the post-truth world, the past few days have offered a head-spinning series of revelations that conflicted with the version of events Trump and his associates had previously provided. Whether called lies or misstatements, Trump’s history of falsehoods has been extensively documented, but the string of factual distortions that came to light this week could come back to haunt him.

即便是在當(dāng)下被一些人嘲諷為后真相世界的政治環(huán)境里，過(guò)去幾天出現(xiàn)的一系列與特朗普及其同事先前提供的版本相沖突的內(nèi)幕消息，也令人頭暈?zāi)垦?。無(wú)論是叫它們謊言還是虛假陳述，特朗普說(shuō)謊的歷史已經(jīng)被廣泛記錄在案，但本周曝光的一連串歪曲事實(shí)的行為可能會(huì)再次困擾他。

The shifting statements also illustrated starkly why some of the president’s lawyers have urged him not to submit to an interview by the special counsel, Robert Mueller, who is investigating whether Trump’s campaign cooperated with Russia during the 2016 presidential election and whether the president obstructed justice to thwart that investigation. Those lawyers have said Mueller is setting a perjury trap for Trump. What they do not say publicly is that they worry the president would be unable to avoid contradicting himself.

不斷變換的表述也有力地說(shuō)明了總統(tǒng)的一些律師為什么勸他不要接受特別檢察官羅伯特·穆勒 (Robert Mueller)的面談。穆勒正在調(diào)查2016年競(jìng)選期間，特朗普的競(jìng)選團(tuán)隊(duì)是否與俄羅斯進(jìn)行過(guò)合作，以及總統(tǒng)是否為了阻撓該調(diào)查而妨礙司法。這些律師說(shuō)，穆勒正在給特朗普設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)偽證罪陷阱。他們沒(méi)有公開(kāi)說(shuō)出來(lái)的是，他們擔(dān)心總統(tǒng)無(wú)法做到避免自相矛盾。

Trump has for years presented selective and creative accounts of his life and businesses — “truthful hyperbole,” as he famously put it in his first book — and at times this habit has gotten him in trouble. Even after being elected president, he paid $25 million to settle lawsuits accusing him of fraud for hoodwinking students who signed up for his now-defunct, for-profit Trump University.

多年來(lái)，特朗普對(duì)自己的生活和企業(yè)進(jìn)行了有選擇性的和創(chuàng)造性的描述——他在自己的第一本書(shū)中將其稱之為“誠(chéng)實(shí)的夸張”。有時(shí)候，這個(gè)習(xí)慣會(huì)給他帶來(lái)麻煩。甚至在當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)后，他還拿出2500萬(wàn)美元了結(jié)因?yàn)槠垓_在營(yíng)利性質(zhì)的特朗普大學(xué)(Trump University)報(bào)了名的學(xué)生，而被控詐騙的官司。特朗普大學(xué)現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。

And to be sure, not every misleading statement is equally meaningful. In March, The New York Times reported that Trump was in discussions to hire Emmet T. Flood, a veteran Washington lawyer.

當(dāng)然，并不是每一次不實(shí)表述都同樣有意義。3月，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道特朗普正在討論雇傭華盛頓資深律師艾米特·弗洛德(Emmet T. Flood)。

Trump reacted angrily. “The Failing New York Times purposely wrote a false story stating that I am unhappy with my legal team on the Russia case and am going to add another lawyer to help out,” he wrote on Twitter. “Wrong. I am VERY happy with my lawyers, John Dowd, Ty Cobb and Jay Sekulow.” Dowd resigned 11 days later. Cobb announced his resignation this week. He will be replaced by Flood.

特朗普反應(yīng)激烈。“快不行了的《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》故意寫了一篇假新聞，說(shuō)我對(duì)我的法律團(tuán)隊(duì)在俄羅斯一事上的表現(xiàn)不滿，打算再找一個(gè)律師幫忙，”他在Twitter上寫道。“錯(cuò)了。我對(duì)我的律師約翰·多德(John Dowd)、泰·柯布(Ty Cobb)和杰伊·塞庫(kù)羅(Jay Sekulow)非常滿意。”11天后，多德辭職。本周，柯布宣布辭職。代替他的正是弗洛德。

Under the unforgiving glare of federal prosecutors, however, misrepresentations carry far greater jeopardy. In nearly a year on the case, Mueller has shown that he is more than willing to charge associates of Trump with lying to investigators; independent lawyers have said it would be reckless for the president’s lawyers to allow him to be interviewed. Even supporters who maintain that Trump is essentially a truth teller acknowledge that he can be loose with details.

然而，在聯(lián)邦檢察官嚴(yán)厲的目光下，不實(shí)陳述的危害要大得多。在調(diào)查該案的近一年時(shí)間里，穆勒已經(jīng)表明他非常愿意控告特朗普的同事向調(diào)查人員撒謊。獨(dú)立律師稱，總統(tǒng)的律師允許他接受面談是魯莽之舉。就連堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為特朗普本質(zhì)上誠(chéng)實(shí)的其支持者也承認(rèn)，他在細(xì)節(jié)上可能不準(zhǔn)確。

For Trump, it is about creating a narrative that suits his desired image, and dictating the terms of his own life — in media coverage, in his business, in politics, even in his medical care. But he now risks losing his grip on the storyline he has long sought to control, in part because of his own treatment of associates like his doctor and the lawyer who paid the porn star.

對(duì)特朗普來(lái)說(shuō)，這事關(guān)打造符合自己理想形象的敘事和支配那些描述自己生活的話語(yǔ)——這些在媒體報(bào)道、商業(yè)領(lǐng)域、政治領(lǐng)域，甚至是他醫(yī)療報(bào)告中的話語(yǔ)。但現(xiàn)在，他可能會(huì)失去對(duì)他故事情節(jié)的掌控——盡管他一直試圖將其捏在自己手里，造成這個(gè)局面的部分原因，在于他對(duì)待同事的方式上，比如他的醫(yī)生和曾向艷星付錢的律師。

This week’s revelation about the true origin of the doctor’s statement may not have surprised many. When Dr. Harold N. Bornstein released a letter in December 2015 saying that Trump would be “the healthiest individual ever elected to the presidency,” few believed it was authentic. It contained the exact language about “strength and stamina” that the candidate often used to describe himself.

本周，有關(guān)醫(yī)生聲明真實(shí)來(lái)路的曝光，可能不會(huì)令很多人感到驚訝。當(dāng)哈羅德·N·伯恩斯坦(Harold N. Bornstein)在2015年12月公布的信件中稱特朗普將是“有史以來(lái)最健康的當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)”時(shí)，并沒(méi)什么人相信它的真實(shí)性。其中還包含了這位候選人常常用來(lái)形容自己的“力量和耐力”用語(yǔ)。

Bornstein confirmed this week that Trump had dictated the letter, a disclosure that stemmed from his own split with the president. After he told The Times last year that Trump used hair-loss medicine, the president was angry and embarrassed, according to aides. Trump, who often calculates the risks of angering people who know intimate details about him, did not express his frustration publicly. But he sent aides to seize his medical records from Bornstein, who felt burned enough by the incident to break his silence.

伯恩斯坦本周證實(shí)，這封信由特朗普口授。這次披露源自他與總統(tǒng)的關(guān)系破裂。據(jù)特朗普的助手說(shuō)，在他去年告訴時(shí)報(bào)特朗普使用過(guò)治療脫發(fā)的藥物后，總統(tǒng)感到憤怒且尷尬。特朗普常常計(jì)算著激怒那些了解自己私密細(xì)節(jié)的人的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但并未公開(kāi)表達(dá)自己的憤怒。但他派助手收走了因?yàn)樘^(guò)憤怒而打破沉默的伯恩斯坦手上的醫(yī)療記錄。

Likewise, Trump has to worry about whether his brusque treatment of his longtime lawyer, Michael D. Cohen, might come back to hurt him. Cohen, facing an investigation by federal prosecutors in New York, originally said he made the $130,000 payment to the porn actress, whose given name is Stephanie Clifford, from a home equity line of credit and that he was not reimbursed by the Trump Organization or campaign.

同樣，特朗普還得擔(dān)心受他粗暴對(duì)待的長(zhǎng)期律師邁克爾·D·科恩(Michael D. Cohen)是否會(huì)反過(guò)來(lái)傷害他。在紐約接受聯(lián)邦檢察官調(diào)查的科恩起初表示，他曾用房屋凈值貸款向名為斯蒂芬妮·克利福德(Stephanie Clifford)的艷星支付了13萬(wàn)美元，且沒(méi)有獲得特朗普組織或團(tuán)隊(duì)的報(bào)銷。

Trump, asked by reporters on Air Force One last month whether he knew about the payment to Clifford, said “no.” He likewise said he did not know where the money came from.

上個(gè)月，在“空軍一號(hào)”上被記者問(wèn)到他是否知道向克利福德支付的款項(xiàng)時(shí)，特朗普說(shuō)“不知道”。他還表示自己不知道這筆錢的來(lái)源。

But in an interview on Fox News on Wednesday night, Rudolph W. Giuliani, the former New York mayor now serving as a lawyer for the president, said Trump had reimbursed Cohen for the money. 但在周三晚間?？怂剐侣?Fox News)的采訪中，前紐約市長(zhǎng)、現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)律師的魯?shù)婪?middot;W·朱利安尼(Rudolph W. Giuliani)表示特朗普已給科恩報(bào)銷了這筆錢。

In a follow-up interview Thursday morning, Giuliani said Trump did not actually learn the specifics until recently. “He didn’t know the details of this until we knew the details of this, which was a couple weeks ago,” Giuliani said. “Maybe not even a couple — maybe 10 days ago.”

在周四上午的后續(xù)采訪中，朱利安尼稱特朗普直到最近才真正了解具體情況。“他在幾個(gè)星期前對(duì)此都是不了解的，也就是在我們知道具體情況之后，”朱利安尼說(shuō)。“可能都沒(méi)幾個(gè)星期——可能就十天以前。”

In his Wednesday night interview, Giuliani also offered a different reason for Trump’s decision to fire James B. Comey as FBI director last year. When Trump first announced the dismissal, he explained it by saying that Comey was “not able to effectively lead the bureau” and cited memos criticizing his handling of the investigation into Hillary Clinton’s email server. The next day, Trump told Lester Holt on NBC News that he would have fired Comey regardless of the memos and that he had the Russia investigation on his mind.

在周三晚間的采訪中，朱利安尼還說(shuō)了特朗普去年決定解雇聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局(FBI)局長(zhǎng)詹姆斯·B·科米(James B. Comey)的另一個(gè)原因。特朗普首次宣布撤職時(shí)，他的解釋是科米“不能有效領(lǐng)導(dǎo)調(diào)查局”，并援引了科米在處理希拉里·克林頓(Hillary Clinton)郵件服務(wù)器事件時(shí)的批評(píng)備忘錄。第二天，特朗普告訴NBC新聞的萊斯特·霍爾特(Lester Holt)，不論有沒(méi)有備忘錄，他都會(huì)解雇科米，還說(shuō)通俄門調(diào)查壓在他的心上。

On Fox, Giuliani attributed the decision to Comey’s refusal to publicly exonerate Trump in the Russia investigation. “He fired Comey because Comey would not, among other things, say that he wasn’t a target of the investigation,” Giuliani said. Since then, Mueller’s office has told the White House that Trump is a subject, though not a target, of the investigation.

在?？怂剐侣劦牟稍L中，朱利安尼認(rèn)為撤職的決定是因?yàn)榭泼拙芙^在通俄調(diào)查中公開(kāi)證明特朗普無(wú)罪。“他解雇了科米的諸多原因之一，是科米不愿說(shuō)他不是調(diào)查的目標(biāo)，”朱利安尼說(shuō)道。此后，穆勒的部門就告訴白宮，特朗普雖然不是調(diào)查目標(biāo)，但他是調(diào)查對(duì)象。