burn in hell 咒人下地獄
catch hell for 為某事挨罵,被痛打
hell 地獄,苦難的處境;糟了!
hellhole 苦難的處境
hellacious 極好的;特壞的;好大威力的
hell on… 對(duì)……有害
hell,no (yes) 絕不,死不;絕對(duì)要,一定是
hellish 如地獄般的,令人憎惡討厭的,可怕的
hell of a(helluva) 非常討厭的;非常出色的,格外著名的
from hell 艱難的;不可輕視的,引人注目的,有實(shí)力的;格外的,異常(特指負(fù)面),壞的,特差的;令人憎惡的;好的,惹人喜歡的
all hell broke loose 天下大亂
all over hell(’s half acre) 到處
a snowball’s chance in hell 不可能的事,一點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)都沒(méi)有
charge hell with a bucket of water 采取極端的辦法
come hell or high water 無(wú)論有多大的困難、障礙或麻煩
for the hell of it 只為了瞎鬧,純粹為了鬧著玩
full of hell 放縱地玩,無(wú)限制地嬉戲
give someone hell 臭罵一頓,痛打一頓
go to hell 該死,去你的;每況愈下
go through hell(and back) 經(jīng)歷極大的痛苦
hell and gone 離得遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地
hell-bent(on,upon,for,to) 毅然,斷然,不顧一切
hell-bent for leather 疾速地
hell hath no fury like a woman scorned 被侮辱的女人報(bào)復(fù)心重
hell on wheels 難以應(yīng)付的,難以控制的;驚人的,有闖勁的,不怕阻礙的,不罷休的
hell to pay 必然有可怕的或麻煩的后果
hell’s bells 惱人,氣人;表示疑心;鹵莽地,輕率地,急躁地;大威力地,高速地
hope to hell 迫切希望
I’ll see you in hell first 誓死絕不妥協(xié)
in hell他媽的 (強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)氣)
no way in hell 絕對(duì)不可能
like a bat out of hell 飛快地,火速地
like hell… 罔顧死活地,猛烈地,拚命地;根本沒(méi),當(dāng)然不,絕未
feel like hell 極感內(nèi)疚,痛心;渾身不舒服(尤指喝酒過(guò)多后)
look like hell 不三不四,不成體統(tǒng),邋遢,不像樣
no(t)(a)chance in hell 根本不可能
oh,hell! 糟了!
raise hell 大吵大鬧
rot in hell 咒人下地獄
sure as hell 必定,一定,絕對(duì)
the hell(with)… 算了,該死,他媽的
the hell with that noise 見(jiàn)你的大頭鬼!
the hell of it is… 最令人困惱的是,最令人驚訝的或出其不意的是……
till hell freezes over 直到永遠(yuǎn)
to hell 沒(méi)落,墮落,荒廢,每況愈下
to hell with (it, someone) 算了,該死,他媽的
what(how,when,where,who,why) the hell 到底什么 (到底怎么,到底何時(shí),到底哪兒,到底是誰(shuí),到底為何)是……,究竟什么 (究竟怎樣,究竟何時(shí),究竟哪兒,究竟是誰(shuí),究竟為何)是……
what the hell! 隨便吧!(出于無(wú)奈);真想不到!
Hell一字由來(lái)已久,使用極為廣泛,其合成語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)詞匯也極為豐富。Hell一字字典中僅有名詞的功能,但是它的合成語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)卻表現(xiàn)了各種特性,如名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、驚嘆詞等。Hell本身、其合成語(yǔ)及短語(yǔ)多在表達(dá)“煩躁”、“生氣”、“不耐煩”以及加強(qiáng)句子的語(yǔ)氣,用來(lái)罵人的無(wú)幾,多為咒事。
我們先就名詞來(lái)說(shuō):Hell 在句中仍保持名詞本質(zhì)的,如War is hell.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)可怕。)They raised hell.(他們大吵大鬧。)它的合成語(yǔ)是名詞的,如hell-raiser (狂徒)。
再就Hell 的形容詞功能來(lái)說(shuō),它的合成語(yǔ)hellacious(極好的),hellish (令人厭惡的),hell-bent (斷然的);其所組成的形容詞短語(yǔ)就更多了,如from hell (艱難的),no chance in hell (根本不可能的),hell on…(對(duì)……有害的)。
再談它的合成語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)當(dāng)副詞用的可能就太多了,如 to hell (迫切地),through hell (經(jīng)歷大磨練地),like hell (拼命地),the hell(絕不;究竟)。 Hell短語(yǔ)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的,如catch hell for (為某事受罰),The typhoon played hell with our island.(臺(tái)風(fēng)蹂躪本島)。最后 hell用當(dāng)驚嘆詞方面,如What the hell!(隨便吧!)Oh,hell!(糟了!)等,以下例句很多,將分類(lèi)說(shuō)明。因 hell 的有關(guān)字匯已被社會(huì)大眾及媒體廣泛使用,故不能不知,但因其意義仍不免粗俗,仕人淑女仍勸避諱。
Hell及其合成語(yǔ)——用以罵人,咒事
1. burn (rot) in hell 咒人下十八層地獄
A. Fernandina Beach, Fla1.—A handful of abortion opponents demonstrated yesterday at the funeral of a doctor gunned down outside a women’s clinic.“May2 he rot in hell,” one protester said.
(Newsday,8/4/94)
佛州佛南丁納海灘市訊——昨日一小撮反墮胎分子在一位醫(yī)生葬禮前示威。該醫(yī)生在一家婦女衛(wèi)生所外飲彈斃命。一抗議分子說(shuō):“但愿他下十八層地獄。”
注:
1.Fla.即Florida(佛羅里達(dá)州)的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)。
2. May… 但愿……祈求好事或咒人壞事時(shí)用的情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞,放于句首。
A. He1 recalls many a late-night conversation2 with high school3 friends on the question of what price they would pay for their determination to question authority…. “we had this warning4 that to question authority meant to burn in hell,” Hayden says. “Was free speech really worth that?”
(L.A.Times,Home Ed.,2/23/97)
他回憶與高中同學(xué)多次深刻討論為對(duì)抗權(quán)力愿付出何等代價(jià)的問(wèn)題……海登說(shuō):“有個(gè)訓(xùn)示,說(shuō)是對(duì)權(quán)威質(zhì)疑要下十八層地獄,言論自由該得如此下場(chǎng)嗎?”
注:
1. He,Hayden 海登,一度是女明星簡(jiǎn)·芳達(dá)(Jane Fonda)之夫,倆人于60年代公開(kāi)示威抗議美國(guó)參與越戰(zhàn)。
2. many后隨名詞是復(fù)數(shù),many a 后隨名詞是單數(shù),但意義相同。
3. recalls…high school 指1950年代海登念天主教會(huì)高中時(shí)。
4. this warning 指教師的訓(xùn)示,謂不得反抗權(quán)威。
2. catch hell 挨罵,被痛打
A. I always catch hell for poor grades.
我每次考不好,總是挨罵挨揍。
B. My parents aren’t like that.
我爸媽不會(huì)這樣。
A. She caught hell because she was late.
她遲到挨罵。
3. give someone hell 臭罵一頓,痛打一頓; 打敗,征服
A. Confession time:at the age of 13, l was avidly watching a crap game in the stairwell of Joan of Arc Junior High in Manhattan when a monitor1 caught us. Penalty:no diploma or handshake from the principal at graduation. Ma gave me hell.
(N.Y.Times,6/8/98)
輪到我認(rèn)錯(cuò):十三歲我念曼哈頓圣女貞德初中時(shí),在樓梯口旁觀擲骰子賭局時(shí)就被廊監(jiān)抓到。處罰是:畢業(yè)典禮上校長(zhǎng)不給證書(shū),也沒(méi)跟我握手。媽臭罵了我一頓。
注:
1. monitor 輪派在學(xué)校走廊維持秩序的學(xué)生。
A. Few American politicians can hide from scandals.
美國(guó)政客能夠躲過(guò)丑聞?wù)吆苌佟?/p>
B. The press inevitably exposes them and gives them hell.
新聞界必定使之曝光,并炮轟之。
A. In the first two games,the Reds sure gave’em hell.
頭兩場(chǎng)比賽紅隊(duì)徹底征服客隊(duì)。
B. But the Blacks came back to win the rest-of-five series.
可是黑隊(duì)后來(lái)居上,余三場(chǎng)均報(bào)捷。
4. go to hell 該死,去你的!
A. The boss isn’t even going to talk about giving us any raises this year.
今年加不加薪,老板連提都不愿意提。
B. Well,he can go to hell then,for all I care.
哼!他去死我也不管。
A. The Cuyahoga River1 once caught fire and burned.
開(kāi)雅侯加河曾起火燃燒過(guò)。
B. Go to hell.You don’t expect me to believe that,do you?
去你的!你以為我會(huì)相信嗎?
注:
1. Cuyahoga River 經(jīng)美國(guó)俄亥俄州克里夫蘭市流入伊利湖。
5. the hell with it, to hell with it, to hell with… 算了,去你 (他)的!
A. You have a 10 o’clock meeting with your supplier in Kaohsiung.
您十點(diǎn)鐘在高雄跟供應(yīng)商有約。
B. The hell with it.I won’t be able to make my flight anyway.
算了,反正,我趕不上那班飛機(jī)了.
A. …as the political posturing1 over the Yankees2 escalates,I can imagine Steinbrenner3 saying to hell with it,taking his ball4 and going to his Tampa5 base for good6.
(N.Y.Post,5/12/98)
……當(dāng)政客對(duì)洋基隊(duì)越爭(zhēng)越烈時(shí),我看司丹布倫納就會(huì)說(shuō)一聲算了,帶球掉頭回他家鄉(xiāng)灘巴市基地,永不回來(lái)。
注:
1. political posturing 政治性的裝模作樣。指紐約市等地方政客為替 Yankees隊(duì)蓋新球場(chǎng)而爭(zhēng)論不休。
2. Yankees 紐約洋基職業(yè)棒球隊(duì)。
3. Steinbrenner 洋基隊(duì)大東主司丹布倫納。
4. taking his ball 喻連根拔起帶球隊(duì)離開(kāi)紐約。
5. Tampa 位于邁阿密西北約三百公里,是司氏老家。
6. for good 永遠(yuǎn)地,是副詞短語(yǔ)。
A. I’ve got mine. To hell with you!
我的已經(jīng)拿到了,去見(jiàn)你的大頭鬼吧!
B. So what?
有什么了不起?
A. It took me three years to write an epic romance novel,but I can’t get publishers to take notice!
我耗時(shí)三年,撰寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)篇愛(ài)情浪漫小說(shuō),卻得不到出版商的青睞。
B. Those are passé1. What they want now are fast-paced thrillzers. You’d better start all over again!
那種已過(guò)時(shí)了,現(xiàn)在他們要的是快節(jié)奏的煽情驚險(xiǎn)之作。你還是從頭來(lái)過(guò)吧!
A. The hell with that noise! There’s no way I’d do that.
我才不信這個(gè)邪!不會(huì)從頭再來(lái)的!
注:
1. passé 原為法文,喻“老式的”,“過(guò)時(shí)的”。
Hell 當(dāng)名詞——地獄、苦難處境
1. hell 地獄
A. Pay a man enough and he’ll walk barefoot into hell.
(Gargoyles(1994)影片中的對(duì)白)
有錢(qián)能使鬼推磨(錢(qián)拿夠了的人,什么事都肯做)。
A. Do bad people go to hell?
壞人下不下地獄?
B. Tough question.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題不好回答。
A. “He told me1 I’m going to hell today,last semester and the semester before,” he sald. “He said that I have long hair therefore,I’m a faggott [sic]2 and I’m going to hell.”
(德大阿靈頓分校The Shorthorn???,2/16/98)
他說(shuō):“他上上個(gè)學(xué)期曾說(shuō),上個(gè)學(xué)期也說(shuō),今天又說(shuō),說(shuō)我今天要下地獄”,“他說(shuō)因?yàn)槲伊糸L(zhǎng)頭發(fā),所以我有斷袖之癖,因此,我將會(huì)下地獄。”
注:
1. me 該校學(xué)生與記者訪(fǎng)談時(shí)說(shuō)有一位傳教師對(duì)他下咒語(yǔ)之事。
2. faggott 男同性戀者的貶稱(chēng),正式拼法為faggot;[sic]指原文如此,用在所說(shuō)明文字之后。
A. For this officer, as for countless other homosexuals in the military,“Don’t Ask. Don’t Tell1” is hell.
(N.Y Times Magazine,6/28/98,cover)
對(duì)這位軍官和軍中無(wú)數(shù)其他同性戀者來(lái)說(shuō),“不聞不問(wèn)”一樣是件苦事。
注:
1. Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell 指克林頓總統(tǒng)提出對(duì)軍中同性戀者的政策。美國(guó)軍隊(duì)歷來(lái)排斥同性戀者的規(guī)定被認(rèn)為違反美國(guó)憲法第一修正案后,三軍為之嘩然,克林頓終提出此一權(quán)宜措施。
2. hellhhole 苦難之境域,人間地獄
A. Some would describe Iwo Jima1 as a hellhole during the Second World War.
有人將二次大戰(zhàn)期間的硫磺島喻為人間地獄。
B. That’s what my grandfather said. He fought there.
我祖父就這么說(shuō)。他在那里打過(guò)仗。
注:
1. Iwo Jima 硫磺島,為西太平洋一島嶼,二戰(zhàn)期間美日軍隊(duì)在此島血戰(zhàn),美軍陣亡達(dá)七千余人。
3. go through hell(go through hell and back) 經(jīng)歷極大的苦難
A. Every man…every man has to go through hell to teach paradise.
(Cape Fear(1991)影片中的對(duì)白)
每個(gè)人……每一個(gè)人想進(jìn)天堂都必須經(jīng)歷極大的苦難。
A. Marines go through hell here in basic training.
海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)在此基地受訓(xùn)吃盡苦頭。
B. They come out1 better soldiers for it.
因此得以生鐵煉成鋼。
注:
1. come out (vi+adv.) 成為,變成,后跟主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(subjective com-plement),可以是名詞或形容詞,有時(shí)還因需要用地點(diǎn)副詞或狀態(tài)副詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
A. Everybody here1 wants the same thing,peace of mind. But to get it,you have to go through hell and back2. And,of course,the line3.
(N.Y.Times,4/7/98)
這里每個(gè)人所要求的都一樣,安心。不過(guò)為了這個(gè),卻要受苦受難,當(dāng)然啰,也要大排長(zhǎng)龍。
注:
1. here 指紐約市聯(lián)邦移民局大門(mén)外。
2. go through… 忍受,走過(guò)。喻“任風(fēng)吹、雨打、日曬”等排隊(duì)之受苦狀及內(nèi)心焦慮。
3. the line 移民局門(mén)前大排長(zhǎng)龍,等待解決移民問(wèn)題的外邦人群。
4. hell to pay 后果堪虞
A. If you don’t finish the report,and the boss sees you skating1, you’ll have hell to pay.
你報(bào)告不做好,老板看到你偷懶的話(huà),你的麻煩可就大啰!
B. I’m not sweating it,2 so why should you?
你何必緊張?我都不怕!
注:
1. skating 借“溜冰”喻“偷懶”。skating是現(xiàn)在分詞,作賓語(yǔ)you的補(bǔ)語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行中。
2. sweating 緊張時(shí)會(huì)“出汗”。又Don’t sweat it (別緊張,別擔(dān)心),與Don’t worry about it等同義。
A. Suarez1:Juan2,our last caller3 talked about consequences. And a lot of the kids involved in programs like yours seem to have committed the acts they’ve committed without very much of a thought that there were consequences,that there were people on the other side of the weapon,on the other side of the transaction who—you know4, whose lives have been altered5 by this encounter,and that there was hell to pay for what they did.
(National Public Radio節(jié)目transcript,4/15/98)
斯瓦瑞茲:胡安兄,剛才打電話(huà)來(lái)的人談因果報(bào)應(yīng)。參加像你這種再教育計(jì)劃的孩子犯罪時(shí),很多對(duì)后果不考慮,也不想想兇器瞄準(zhǔn)的及罪行的受害者也是人,這個(gè)、這個(gè)——他們的人生會(huì)因?yàn)檫@次的遭遇而改變,而且做了壞事將受到嚴(yán)刑峻罰。
注:
1. Ray Suarez 該電臺(tái)預(yù)防少年犯罪節(jié)目的主持人。
2. Juan Sanchez 德州美西南重點(diǎn)再教育計(jì)劃Southwest Key創(chuàng)始人。 Juan西語(yǔ),音“胡安”,男士名。
3. caller 節(jié)目間來(lái)電(call in)的聽(tīng)眾。
4. you know 說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)的插句,與中文“這個(gè)……這個(gè)”同義。
5. lives have been altered 喻因挨槍挨打而成殘廢或死亡。
5. to hell 沒(méi)落,荒廢,破壞,破碎,完蛋
A. Your deck1 is going to hell,Hank.
漢克,你的涼臺(tái)每況愈下。
B. I know. One of these days I’ll get around to2 fixing it up3.
知道了,改天會(huì)抽空把它修一修。
注:
1. deck 美國(guó)獨(dú)家住宅后院每有落地木造涼臺(tái),供乘涼及烤肉用,經(jīng)風(fēng)吹雨打,日久損壞。
2. get around to 找時(shí)間去……,到時(shí)候會(huì)……,抽空去……“to”是介詞,后跟名詞類(lèi)詞匯,包括動(dòng)名詞。I’ll get around to it tomorrow.(我明天來(lái)處理它)
3. fixing it up (vt.+adv.) 修好……是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),此處放介詞后是動(dòng)名詞。
A. My brakes are shot to hell.
我汽車(chē)的煞車(chē)器全損壞了。
B. Get them replaced,A.S.A.P.1
越快換新越好。
注:
1. A.S.A.P. as soon as possible的縮寫(xiě),是副詞短語(yǔ)。
A. That used car he bought sure went to hell in a hurry1.
他買(mǎi)的那輛二手車(chē)很快就壞掉了。
B. So,did he buy a new car,then?
那么,他換了一輛新車(chē)沒(méi)有?
注:
1. in a hurry 很快地、迅速地、匆忙地,否定時(shí)用in no hurry,均是成語(yǔ),可當(dāng)副詞,也可當(dāng)形容詞,如I am in no hurry to buy a new car.(不急于買(mǎi)新車(chē)。)
A. City services went to hell during his administration.
他當(dāng)市長(zhǎng)任內(nèi)公共事務(wù)日趨沒(méi)落。
6. hell on… 不利于……,對(duì)……有妨害
A. Streets in Manhattan are the pits1.
曼哈頓的道路差勁。
B. I’ll say.All those pot holes are hell on shocks2.
說(shuō)的是。那么多坑洞,對(duì)避震器有莫大的折損。
注:
1. the pits(復(fù)數(shù))原意“坑坑洞洞”,現(xiàn)已成習(xí)用語(yǔ),指“糟透了(the worst)”或“一塌糊涂”。
2. shocks是shock absorbers的簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng),指汽車(chē)的避震器。
A. Toby loves attending rock concerts. How about you?
杜彼喜歡去聽(tīng)搖滾樂(lè),你呢?
B. Not me. The loud music is hell on the ears.
我可不,那高分貝的音樂(lè)聲響震耳欲聾。
Hell 當(dāng)驚嘆詞——獨(dú)立使用
1. hell 媽的,這個(gè)……,誰(shuí)知道
A. What if your car battery died three times?
假如說(shuō)你汽車(chē)電瓶連三次息電,你怎么辦?
B. Hell,I’d change the brand.
我他媽的,就會(huì)換個(gè)廠(chǎng)牌。
A. What’s that noise downstairs?
樓下是什么聲音?
B. Hell,I don’t know. Could be the cat.
誰(shuí)知道嘛,可能是貓叫吧!
2. hell,no(yes)! 絕不,死不;(說(shuō)的是!)
A. (Basketball player)Coach,can I play tonight?
(籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)員)教練,晚上我能上場(chǎng)嗎?
B. Hell, no! Not with your wrist still injured1!
絕對(duì)不行!你手腕還沒(méi)痊愈。
注:
1.這不是完整的句子,injured用來(lái)形容wrist,就是它的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(comple-ment),因?yàn)樵诮樵~如with之后,不能用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(predicate verb),但可用現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞,或用形容詞、地點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)副詞。
A. Give me that gun.(Takes the gun)Hell yes,I meant it1.
(Con Air(1997)電影中的對(duì)白)
槍支給我拿來(lái),(把槍搶過(guò)來(lái))媽的,聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了沒(méi)?
注:
1. I mean it 我說(shuō)真的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的意志)
3. Oh,hell! 糟了!
A. Did you bring the report?
報(bào)告帶來(lái)了沒(méi)有?
B. Oh,Hell! Forgot all about it!
糟了!全給忘了!
4. hell and gone 神都遺棄的(godforsaken);如荒郊野外的,偏遠(yuǎn)的
A. He took Bob and Phil prisoners,then drove to some hell and gone airstrip nobody ever heard of.
他押勃伯和費(fèi)爾為人質(zhì)后,駕車(chē)到無(wú)人聽(tīng)過(guò)的偏僻小機(jī)場(chǎng)。
B. Did you ever find them?
后來(lái)他們兩個(gè)找到了沒(méi)有?
5. hell’s bells 惱人,氣人,表懷疑;魯莽地,輕率地,急躁地,大威力地,高速地
A. Hell’s bells! That sure was a tough exam!
媽的!那個(gè)考試真難啊!
B. Knowing you,you probably aced it1.
我太了解你,你大概考了甲等。
注:
1. Ace 可當(dāng)動(dòng)詞,名詞。當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞后跟it喻“這門(mén)考了甲等”。當(dāng)名詞,作pull或get的賓語(yǔ),如pulled an ace考了個(gè)甲等。
A. Tony told me he broke up with Melinda.
東尼告訴我,他與美林達(dá)已告吹了。
B. Hell’s bells!He’s told me that a dozen times already.
鬼才相信!他已跟我講過(guò)十幾遍了。
A. I can’t buy any tickets to the final game tonight.
今晚總決賽的票,我買(mǎi)不到。
B. Hell’s bells,man,you think you’re the only one who can’t?
怪啦,大家還不都是一樣!
A. Dad,I’m quitting school and am going to get married.
爸,我要輟學(xué)去結(jié)婚。
B. Don’t jump hell’s bells into such important decisions.Let’s talk it over first.
茲事體大,可別輕率,咱倆先好好談一談吧!
A. The hurricane came ripping1 hell’s bells up2 the East coast3.
颶風(fēng)北上兇猛襲擊了東海岸。
B. Left three dead, scores injured, and inflicted millions in property damage.
造成三人死亡,數(shù)十人受傷,財(cái)產(chǎn)損失幾百萬(wàn)美元。
注:
1. came ripping 前來(lái)肆虐。came是不及物動(dòng)詞表現(xiàn)linking verb的功能,ripping是現(xiàn)在分詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),喻“來(lái)勢(shì)洶洶”,兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)動(dòng)作。go也有此特性,如He went whistling.(他吹著口哨走開(kāi)了。)
2. rip+up (vt+adv.)此up是副詞,用來(lái)加強(qiáng)“肆虐”威勢(shì)。
3.美國(guó)颶風(fēng)多發(fā)源于南大西洋,通常北上襲擊佛羅里達(dá)州等東海岸地區(qū)。
6. Like hell… 你的頭!根本沒(méi)有!
A. (Heard that his son got into trouble and will soon be arrested by the police)I haven’t seen you at all these past couple of days.
(獲悉兒子出了事,將被警方逮捕,而對(duì)他說(shuō))這幾天沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你半個(gè)人影。
B. Been busy1…
我很忙……
A. Like hell! You’ve gotten yourself into trouble, haven’t you?
忙你的頭!你已惹禍上身,是不是?
注:
1. Been busy 在口語(yǔ)化中可以這樣簡(jiǎn)化,在正式文字中不可,要寫(xiě)成I have been busy…
A. I beat you fair and square1!
我正正當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)刳A你!
B. Like hell! You cheated.I saw you!
根本沒(méi)有嘛!你耍詐,我看到的!
注:
1. fair and square (俗語(yǔ))光明正大地,在此是副詞短語(yǔ),描寫(xiě)beat的方式或全句。
7. what the hell!Oh what the hell! 隨便吧!(出于無(wú)奈地同意、順從、接受);what the hell?!怎么回事?(遇出其不意的壞事時(shí)的訝異)
A. We’ve decided on Vietnamese food tonight. You coming1?
今晚我們決定上越南館子吃飯,要不要一道去?
B. Oh,what the hell.I guess it’s as good as any.
隨便吧!還不是都一樣。
注:
1. You coming?是Are you coming with us?之簡(jiǎn)略,口語(yǔ)中用之。
A. Here.Plug this in. It should work.
來(lái)把這東西插上電,應(yīng)該可以運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。
B. What the hell1?! Nothing happened!
咦!沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)啊!
注:
1. What the hell?! 咦!怎么啦?(表示不解之意)。完整的句子應(yīng)該是What the hell is it?
Hell 的有關(guān)詞匯——加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣功能
1. hellacious 極……,特……,好的;不好的;具威力或暴力性的,大的
A. The Jazz1 have had their butts kicked2 before, suffering3 a hellacious 86-64 defeat in the second round against the Spurs4.
(N.Y.Post,6/8/98)
爵士隊(duì)曾被痛宰,季后二輪晉級(jí)賽與馬刺隊(duì)對(duì)抗時(shí),爵士一敗涂地,以64-86稱(chēng)臣。
注:
1. Jazz 指駐猶他州爵士職業(yè)籃球隊(duì)。此句Jazz指其隊(duì)員,為多數(shù)名詞,故用have。
2. butts 指屁股(buttocks),Kicked用過(guò)去分詞,屁股被踢之意,引喻“被宰”。
3. suffering 遭受,用的是現(xiàn)在分詞,是“…and suffered…”的簡(jiǎn)化,連接詞要消去。
4. Spurs 指駐德州的馬刺職業(yè)籃球隊(duì)。
A. Saturday’s Nor’easterner1 produced a hellacious downpour.
星期六刮的東北暴風(fēng)雨,帶來(lái)一場(chǎng)豪雨。
B. Flooded2 my basement with a foot of water.
我地下室進(jìn)水深達(dá)一尺。
注:
1. Nor’easterner 指美國(guó)東北沿海刮起的大暴風(fēng)雨。Nor’的拼音仿美東北人的英語(yǔ)發(fā)音。
2. Flooded 用一個(gè)過(guò)去式或現(xiàn)在式主動(dòng)動(dòng)詞開(kāi)句而省去主語(yǔ),只在口語(yǔ)中適用,于正式書(shū)寫(xiě)文字則不妥。
A. They fought some hellacious1 battles during the Second World War.
他們?cè)诙未髴?zhàn)期間的戰(zhàn)役有些相當(dāng)慘烈。
B. Some of the worst ones were in the Pacific Theater2.
最最慘烈的有些發(fā)生在太平洋戰(zhàn)區(qū)。
注:
1. hellacious 此處具intense(猛烈的)之意,為形容詞。
2. Theater 戰(zhàn)區(qū)。此處與Pacific組合當(dāng)專(zhuān)有名詞短語(yǔ),故T要大寫(xiě)。
A. He’s got some hellacious moves under the basket.
他籃下的動(dòng)作真絕。
B. If only I had half his talent!
但愿我的球技能有他的一半就好。
2. hellish 如地獄般;令人憎惡討厭的,可怕的
A. An aborion is a hellish ordeal for some women.
對(duì)某些婦女,墮胎是個(gè)可怕的考驗(yàn)。
B. Especially for those who have been violated.
尤其是那些被奸污的婦女。
3. as hell 極度地,相當(dāng)?shù)?,絕對(duì)的
A. My sister gets depressed as hell when she talks about her divorce.
談及離婚事,妹妹極為郁郁寡歡。
B. Mine gets depressed as hell because she can’t find a boyfriend.
我的妹妹卻因找不到男友而十分泄氣。
A. Because he1 was bright as hell and wanted everyone to know it, he rubbed some people the wrong way2.
(N.Y.Times Book Review,6/7/98)
他聰明絕頂,自負(fù)得很,因此觸怒了一些人。
注:
1. He 指當(dāng)年念大學(xué)時(shí)兼任參議員副助理的克林頓(Bill Clinton)。
2. rub the wrong way 以“反方向摩擦”,喻“觸怒” 。另有Therein lies the rub(問(wèn)題就在那里),There’s the rub(癥結(jié)在于……)。
A. I’m mad as hell,and I’m not going to take it any more.
(Network Screenplay(1976)電影中的對(duì)白)
我氣得要死,再也受不了啦。
A. Failure is not an option gentlemen; we’ve never lost an American in space,we’re sure as hell not going to lose one on my watch1!
(Apollo 13(1995)電影中的對(duì)白)
各位:只許成功,不許失?。辉谔罩?,一個(gè)美國(guó)人都未犧牲過(guò),在我的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)之下,絕對(duì)亦復(fù)如斯。
注:
1. on my watch 在我的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)之下,在我的監(jiān)督之下,當(dāng)副詞短語(yǔ)。
A. It’s really snowing hard. Are we still going to go to town?
雪下得很大,我們還要進(jìn)城嗎?
B. Sure as hell not in this weather.
這種天氣,才不出去哩。
4. like hell “拼命地”,是強(qiáng)化動(dòng)作的副詞短語(yǔ);隨feel like后當(dāng)主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),是形容詞短語(yǔ),意為“極感內(nèi)疚的,甚是痛心的,太邋遢的,不像樣的,情況不好的”
A. (At a rock concert) The music’s really loud!
(搖滾樂(lè)會(huì)上)音樂(lè)好吵啊!
B. You have to shout like hell just to be heard!
得喊好大聲,才能聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)講話(huà)!
A. They fought like hell,but lost the game.
他們拼命賽球,結(jié)果還是輸了。
B. It’s not about winning or losing. It’s about how you play the game1.
勝敗乃兵家常事,表現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)家精神最為重要。
注:
1. how you play the game 是名詞從句,是唯一可以放在介詞(此句為about)后面的句型。
A. He felt like hell after hitting his girlfriend, and quickly apologized.
他打女朋友后極感內(nèi)疚,連忙向她道歉。
A. The coach felt like hell after his team was eliminated.
球隊(duì)被淘汰后,教練甚感痛心。
A. After a wild night out,he woke up the next morning feeling1 like hell.
一晚喝酒狂歡,次日早晨頭疼得要命。
注:
1. woke…he felt的簡(jiǎn)約,須消除連接詞,而like hell是配feeling的補(bǔ)語(yǔ),是形容詞性質(zhì)。
A. You look like hell1 in those clothes. Go and change!
你穿著太邋遢,快去換衣服吧!
注:
1. 在look后的like hell是形容詞短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
A. She looks like hell in that dress.
穿那件衣服使她喪盡體面。
A. You look like hell. Is something the matter?
你臉色很不好,有什么不對(duì)勁嗎?
5. than hell 極度地,相當(dāng)?shù)?/strong>
A. It’s hotter than hell in here1.
房間好熱呀。
B. Then why don’t you turn on the A/C2 or open the windows?
那么何不開(kāi)冷氣或打開(kāi)窗戶(hù)呢?
注:
1. in here 此處here是名詞,故可前有介詞,但獨(dú)立的here,there皆當(dāng)副詞用。
2. A/C 即air conditioning,air conditioner的縮寫(xiě)。
6. a hell of a(=helluva) 非常討厭的、差的;非常出色的,格外著名的,非常大的,非常多的
A. I had a hell of a hard time trying to reach you last week.Where’d you go?
上周想要跟你聯(lián)絡(luò)真費(fèi)勁。你去哪里啦?
B. On a cross-island hike.
去橫貫公路徒步旅行。
A. That’s a hell of an example.
所舉的例子太差啦!
B. Let me give another one,then.
那么,讓我另舉一個(gè)吧。
A. I1 am very happy for David Wells2,he’s a hell of a pitcher. He just dominated the game3.
(N.Y.Post,5/18/98)
我替維爾斯高興,他是非常出色的投手,他簡(jiǎn)直左右了全場(chǎng)比賽。
注:
1. I 為明尼蘇達(dá)雙城職業(yè)棒球隊(duì)(Minnesota Twins)經(jīng)理凱利(Kelly)。
2. Wells 是紐約洋基職業(yè)棒球隊(duì)投手。
3. the game 指洋基隊(duì)對(duì)抗明州雙城隊(duì)時(shí),以完美賽局(perfect game)收?qǐng)?,客?duì)九局上下二十七人無(wú)安打,無(wú)保送一壘,無(wú)失誤,客隊(duì)掛零敗北。
A. …USG1 must have realized that there was one hell of a market for his product2…
(N.Y.Times,5/24/98)
美國(guó)石膏公司一定曉得他的產(chǎn)品有龐大的市場(chǎng)。
注:
1. USG 即U.S.Gypsum,生產(chǎn)建材的美國(guó)石膏公司。
2. he 指與USG簽產(chǎn)銷(xiāo)合同的發(fā)明家傅立(Jerry Free)。
his product 連結(jié)石膏壁板角的新種器件(a new device for joining pieces of wallboards)。
A. He lost a helluva1 lot of money playing the slots.
他玩吃角子老虎輸?shù)粢淮蠊P錢(qián)。
B. That’s the plight of most gamblers.
這是多數(shù)賭客的苦經(jīng)。
注:
1. a“hell of a” 說(shuō)快時(shí)便成了“helluva”。
7. from hell (為學(xué)生口語(yǔ))艱難的,不可輕忽的;引人注目的;有效的;格外的,異常的(尤指負(fù)面);壞的,差的,令人憎惡的;好的,惹人喜歡的
A. That was an English final exam from hell.
那個(gè)英文期末考太深太難。
A. He owns a black hot rod1 from hell.
他擁有一部引人注目的黑色改裝跑車(chē)。
注:
1. hot rod 舊車(chē)改裝,減輕使之加速。
A. Cookie’s1 Wings2 From Hell3
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
庫(kù)吉辣味雞翅膀烹調(diào)法
注:
1. Cookie 男士名(昵稱(chēng))。本句為食譜上之標(biāo)題。
2. Wings 指雞翅膀,美國(guó)人吃油炸雞翅膀,沾蜂蜜混芥末醬、辣椒醬、蕃茄醬等,不用醬油。
3. From Hell 此處含又辣又好吃之意,是形容詞,或稱(chēng)限定詞(deter miner),此處是放在后面來(lái)形容Wings。形容名詞,應(yīng)放在前面或后面全視習(xí)慣用法。
A. The rudiments from hell are “diabolical” evolutions of standard rudimems.1 They are designed to be awkward2,difficult or impossible….
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
有效基本打鼓法是由基本打鼓法巨變而成,是不順手,難練,甚至無(wú)法練成……
注:
1.此例句是形容Terry’s “Melodic Drumming and the Ostinato”巧妙打鼓法錄影帶。文中又用you won’t be disappointed!(絕不會(huì)失望!)It’s amazing!(很驚奇!)等語(yǔ)贊賞之。
2. awkward 指其鼓槌的操作法不順手(打來(lái)很別扭)之意。
A. How’d you do in Organic Chemistry last semester?
上學(xué)期有機(jī)化學(xué)考得怎么樣?
B. I flunked,just like most of the others.We had this T/A1 from hell.
跟多數(shù)同學(xué)一樣不及格。教我們的那個(gè)助教很差勁。
注:
1. T/A 即teaching assistant(助教)的縮寫(xiě)。
A. A lot of people I know won’t buy songs by certain rap1 artists.
我認(rèn)識(shí)的人中有很多拒不買(mǎi)某些說(shuō)唱歌手的歌。
B. I can see why.Their so-called “songs” are lyrics from hell.
這也難怪!他們的所謂“歌曲”有令人憎惡的歌詞。
注:
1. Rap 指曾在美國(guó)一度流行的說(shuō)唱。
A. The doctor was shot by an AK-47,which left a large hole in his thigh.
醫(yī)生被AK-47機(jī)槍射傷,他大腿上留下一個(gè)大傷口。
B. An AK-47! Now,that’s a weapon from hell.
AK-47的確是威力強(qiáng)大的武器呀!
A. She gives you that smile from hell.
她獻(xiàn)出的微笑令人如癡如醉。
8. hope to hell 但愿,謝天謝地
A. The weather report predicts heavy thunderstorms in the Rockies this weekend.
氣象報(bào)告預(yù)測(cè),本周末洛基山脈將有大雷陣雨。
B. Hope to hell it doesn’t rain.We’ve spent weeks planning this climb!
真希望不會(huì)下雨,我們已花了好幾個(gè)禮拜安排這次爬山活動(dòng)。
9. the hell 除了強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)氣外,也表示“情急、煩躁、生氣、不耐煩;半信半疑、輕視”
A. I’m going out on a date with my girlfriend.
我出去赴女朋友的約會(huì)。
B. The hell you are! Not on the night before your finals!
你敢!明天你期末考,不準(zhǔn)出去!
A. There isn’t much we can do about it now.
現(xiàn)在事情幾乎到了無(wú)能為力的地步。
B. The hell there isn’t!
誰(shuí)說(shuō)不是?
A. Where’s his place?
他住哪兒?
B. Way the hell over on the other side of town.
就在市區(qū)那邊。
A. Dozens of residents were poised to flee their homes Sunday after a wildfire ravaged more than 700 acres in remote southwestern Douglas County….“We were there about three minutes when they blew the hurricane whistle,which means get the hell out of there,” said Alex Willard,16,of the Trumbull Volunteer Fire Department.
(Rocky Mountain News,5/18/98)
周日在道格拉斯郡西北偏僻地區(qū),野火燒毀700畝土地后,數(shù)十個(gè)居民離家逃避……德侖陂鄉(xiāng)志愿消防隊(duì)十六歲隊(duì)員維拉德說(shuō):“我們來(lái)到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)約三分鐘后,他們就拉暴風(fēng)警報(bào)——意思是要大家火速撤離現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。”
A. “It’s strange, but as a coach I think after about the fifth week, sixth week2,I began to really know… what3(the players) respond to,” he said, smiling. “And it’s just two things: Having your back to the wall,and kicking the hell and beating4 the hell and working the hell out of them during the week5.”
(St. Louis Post-Dispatch,10/26/97)
他莞爾說(shuō):“說(shuō)來(lái)奇怪,不過(guò),我當(dāng)教練到第五、第六周后就開(kāi)始真正體會(huì)到……(球員對(duì)我練兵法)的反應(yīng)。用兩個(gè)辦法就好:其一,練習(xí)背水一戰(zhàn);其二,自周一到周五連吼帶逼,叫他們勤奮操練。”
注:
1.密蘇里大學(xué)的橄欖球隊(duì)教練談他的操兵法。
2. fifth week… 大專(zhuān)橄欖球賽季長(zhǎng)十四周。
3. what 指操兵法(what methods of training)。
4. kicking,beating 借“拳打腳踢”喻“連吼帶逼”。
5. during the week 周一到周五練球,周末比賽。
A. I ask him1 what he thinks about Clinton.
我問(wèn)他,對(duì)克林頓的看法如何?
B. I don’t want to dwell on Clinton’s move to the right2…and I could dwell the hell out of it.I can only think Clinton wants to maintain his popularity…
(N.Y.Times Magazine,5/10/98)
[他答說(shuō)]我不愿詳談克林頓向右靠這事……這事本可以講個(gè)沒(méi)完沒(méi)了,我只能推測(cè)克林頓想要保持選民對(duì)他的擁戴。
注:
1.該報(bào)女記者專(zhuān)訪(fǎng)忠于民主黨籍的美國(guó)電影明星Warren Beatty。
2. move to the right 指民主黨籍的克林頓施政卻采用了共和黨的右傾政策。
10. how the hell(到底怎么樣……?),what the hell(到底是什么……?),when the hell(到底是何時(shí)……?),where the hell(到底何處……?),who the hell(到底是誰(shuí)……?), why the hell(到底為什么……?);the hell與以下諸詞同義: in hell,in the hell,in hell’s name,均為“到底……怎樣”之義,皆在加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣
A. I want to buy a gun.
我想買(mǎi)支槍。
B. Just how the bloody1 hell are you going to get one? They’re banned here.
此地禁槍?zhuān)愕降自鯓幽芘揭恢?
注:
1. bloody 本作“血淋淋”解,但在此處為形容詞,加強(qiáng)the hell語(yǔ)氣,the bloody hell作“真?zhèn)€地”解,加How后成了“到底怎么樣……?”解。
A. Henry! Long time no see! How the hell are you1?
亨利!很久沒(méi)見(jiàn)!你可真好嗎?
B. Fine,thanks,and yourself?
很好,多謝,您呢?
注:
1.這樣的俗話(huà)通常只對(duì)有深交者說(shuō)的。
A. What are the Latin1 names for the two bones of the forearm?
前臂兩個(gè)骨頭的學(xué)名是什么?
B. How the hell should I know? I didn’t study anatomy.
我怎么會(huì)曉得?我又沒(méi)學(xué)過(guò)解剖學(xué)。
注:
1. Latin names 身體部位的名稱(chēng)皆以拉丁文命名,故稱(chēng)之為“學(xué)名”。
A. What the hell’s going on1 between you two?
你倆之間到底是個(gè)什么關(guān)系?
B. Nothing,dad.We’re just friends,that’s all.
爸,沒(méi)有什么,我們只是普通朋友而已。
A. Then why lock your bedroom door?
那么,何必鎖上臥室門(mén)呢?
注:
1. What’s going on+around.at,between或for等介詞短語(yǔ),通常喻“事情、舉止、行為、關(guān)系”之不好或不正當(dāng)者,如What’s going on around here?(這里到底發(fā)生什么事?在搞什么鬼?)What’s going on at his place?(他家到底發(fā)生什么事?)How long has this been going on for?(這件事情到底有多久了?)
2. Then why lock…door? 是Then why did you lock…door?的省略。
A. When the hell were they supposed to get here? It’s six already!
現(xiàn)在都已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)了,他們到底幾點(diǎn)會(huì)到?
B. They said five.They must’ve gotten caught in traffic.
說(shuō)是五點(diǎn)到,大概塞車(chē)吧。
A. Where in hell’s name have you been for the past two days?
這兩天你到底跑去哪里了?
B. I went mountain climbing1 with friends.
跟朋友爬山去了。
注:
1. go+V-ing 此結(jié)構(gòu)多用于運(yùn)動(dòng)及購(gòu)物,如 Go swimming,go shoping;用在其他方面則有責(zé)備與禁止之意,如Don’t go shouting around.(不要亂吼!)
A. You keep calling me every night.Who the hell are you?
你每天晚上打電話(huà)給我,你到底是誰(shuí)呀?
A. Who the hell are you to tell me what to do?
你是什么人敢對(duì)我發(fā)號(hào)施令?
A. Why in the hell do we have to do it your way?
為何要采用你的辦法去做呢?
B. Is there a better way?
還有更好的辦法嗎?
11. the hell of it is 最令人困惱的是,最令人驚訝的,或出其不意的是……
A. We’d like to fly to Vegas for the computer exhibition.
我們想飛去賭城,參觀電腦展售會(huì)。
B. Me,too. The hell of it is finding a hotel room. They’re booked solid!
我也想,最令人困惱的是找不到旅館住,房間全都訂光了。
Hell 的其他有關(guān)短語(yǔ)及格言
1. all hell broke loose 天下大亂
A. …With the javanese,you don’t see the violence coming until it happens1, …Once this politeness and deference and controlled demeanor collapse2, then all hell break loose.
(N.Y.Times,5/9/98)
……對(duì)爪哇人來(lái)說(shuō),非到暴亂臨頭無(wú)法知道暴亂將會(huì)發(fā)生。他們的禮貌,順從的性格,泰然的儀表全部瓦解時(shí),才會(huì)天下大亂。
注:
1.一外籍人類(lèi)學(xué)家談?wù)摦?dāng)時(shí)印尼社會(huì)不安情形。
2. politeness,deference,controlled demeanor 該專(zhuān)家說(shuō)印尼人,平時(shí)待人客氣,順從,不輕易表露情緒。
2. all over hell’s half acre 到處
A. The pent-up demand to drive downtown snapped Sunday, unleashing a torrent of cars that brought Olympic traffic to a crawl and caused backups that officials said prevented crowds from getting to events on time. “It’s backed up all over hell’s half-acre,” said Joe Stapleton of the Georgia Department of Transportation.
(The Atlanta constitution,Metro Edition,7/29/96)
周日想開(kāi)車(chē)進(jìn)城看奧運(yùn)會(huì)的人太多,車(chē)輛如水庫(kù)放水般涌進(jìn)來(lái),使道路堵住,車(chē)輛如同蝸牛。據(jù)官方說(shuō),車(chē)子塞得群眾都無(wú)法過(guò)馬路,不能及時(shí)到場(chǎng)。喬治亞交通部的斯代普頓說(shuō):“到處塞車(chē)。”
A. Well,right about now,I’m travelling quite a bit with my film “Shaft of Light”, It’s being shown at festivals all over hell’s half acre,and I’m going when I can.
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
那么,我最近常上路放映自制影片《一道光線(xiàn)》。該片在各地影展放映,我一有空就去。
3. a snowball’s chance in hell 不可能的事,一點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)都沒(méi)有
A. I1 work with 5342 guys,and every damned one of them has a great idea for a park in his district…. I get so tired of hearing the phrase ‘national treasure.’ There is not one snowball in hell’s chance of the park service getting more money.
(U.S.News & World Report,6/19/95)
我工作接觸五百三十四個(gè)家伙,每個(gè)人對(duì)他們所代表的行政區(qū)內(nèi)公園都打主意……反復(fù)聽(tīng)到“國(guó)寶級(jí)”一語(yǔ),都已經(jīng)厭煩,國(guó)家公園管理局多得到一點(diǎn)經(jīng)費(fèi)是不可能的。
注:
1.美國(guó)眾議院國(guó)家公園管理局委員會(huì)小組主席暨猶他州共和黨的議員抱怨太多人爭(zhēng)取經(jīng)費(fèi),維護(hù)歷史性公園,僧多粥少,經(jīng)費(fèi)難有著落。
2. 534 guys 美國(guó)眾議院各州代表總數(shù)。
A. I know l have a snowball’s chance in hell of having the winning $10 million number….
(USA Today,1/28/94)
我知道贏得頭獎(jiǎng)千萬(wàn)美元彩票號(hào)碼的機(jī)會(huì)渺茫得很。
注:
撰文者于接到上面印有“頭獎(jiǎng)在望”字樣的出版家大摸彩(Publisher’s Clearing House Sweepstakes)通知單后所說(shuō)的話(huà)。
A. This bill doesn’t stand a snowball’s chance in hell of passing.
本提案不可能通過(guò)。
4. charge hell with a bucket of water 采取極端措施,賣(mài)命地 (支持等)
A. The election1 was ill-fated2 by the fact that few Americans were committed to Mr. Clinton,McCurdy,…or any other Democrat to the point where they would charge hell with a bucket of water to save them. Blacks, to young, Hispanics3 and just ordinary people did not vote in meaningful numbers.
(Indianapolis Recorder,12/24/94)
由于投靠克林頓及麥?zhǔn)系让裰鼽h候選人的選民,甚少愿意賣(mài)命地支持候選人,所以選舉注定失敗。凡黑人、年輕人、住美西語(yǔ)系人士,甚至一般老百姓,其投票率皆低得無(wú)法舉足輕重。
注:
1. The election 指1994年美國(guó)中期選舉(選州長(zhǎng)、眾參議員等,有別于每隔四年——1996年,2000年……選總統(tǒng)、副總統(tǒng)的“大選”)。
2. ill-fated 注定失敗。當(dāng)時(shí),克林頓及民主黨居于政治弱勢(shì)。
3. Hispanics 泛指住在美國(guó)的西班牙語(yǔ)系人士,亦即來(lái)自中南美洲及加勒比海地區(qū)之西裔。
5. come hell or high water 無(wú)論有多大的困難、障礙、麻煩
A. The challenge facing Canada’s Liberal govemment is unpleasant. To whittle away the debt, it must chop the government’s fiscal deficit, which ran to $28 billion, or 5.2% of GDP, this fiscal year Finance Minister Martin promises to cut that figure to 3%of GDP over the next two years…. “It’s a target we’ll meet,come hell or high water,” Martin said….
(Time International,1/23/95)
加拿大自由黨政府面對(duì)煩人的挑戰(zhàn),要砍除國(guó)庫(kù)赤字,得削減本會(huì)計(jì)年度占國(guó)民總產(chǎn)值5.2%,高達(dá)$280億的財(cái)政赤字。財(cái)政部部長(zhǎng)馬丁答應(yīng)今后兩年內(nèi)將該5.2%降至3%……馬丁說(shuō):“無(wú)論有多大的困難,一定要達(dá)到目標(biāo)……”
6. for the hell of it 只是瞎鬧,純粹為了鬧著玩的
A. I don’t swear for the hell of it. Language is a poor enough means of communication.We’ve got to use all the words we’ve got.Besides,there are damn few words anybody understands.
(Inherit the Wind(1960)影片中的對(duì)白)
我并不為了鬧著玩而說(shuō)粗話(huà),作為溝通工具,語(yǔ)言已嫌不足,我們掌握的詞匯得統(tǒng)統(tǒng)搬出來(lái)用,再說(shuō),每個(gè)人所懂的字?jǐn)?shù)少之又少。
7. full of hell 放蕩不羈的,不受拘束的
A. Out of uniform,just flapping his jaw1,he2 can be equally hard to handle3. “He’s full of hell,with a lust for living” is how his agent,Bob Woolf, puts it.
(People Magazine,2/1/88)
卸下戰(zhàn)袍的他,信口開(kāi)河時(shí)一樣難以應(yīng)付。他的代理沃爾夫這樣說(shuō):“他放縱,對(duì)生命有欲望。”
注:
1. flapping his jaw 信口開(kāi)河,口不擇言。
2.文中指的是華盛頓紅人職業(yè)橄欖球隊(duì)隊(duì)員Dexter Manley。
3. equally hard to handle 一樣難以應(yīng)付,喻披掛上陣的他,也一樣猖狂。
8. hell hath no fury like a woman scorned 被侮辱的女人報(bào)復(fù)心重
A. …there are some women who will use this strange twist of the laws1 to suit their own purposes.We should be aware that hell hath2 no fury like a woman scorned and if a woman feels slighted or overlooked3,there are those among them who will resort to chicanery to get their points across and those women are not above telling outright lies4 in order to achieve their purpose.
(L.A. Sentinel, 7/12/95)
……有些女人為了達(dá)到自己的目的會(huì)利用該被扭曲的法律。我們應(yīng)該曉得,被侮辱的女人報(bào)復(fù)心重,某些女人只要有被冷落或被疏忽的感受,就會(huì)??拷妻q,甚至公然撒謊來(lái)達(dá)到目的。
注:
1. strange twist of the laws 根據(jù)美國(guó)法律,俟證據(jù)確鑿之后方可判定有罪,但某些性騷擾案反開(kāi)倒車(chē),不分青紅皂白,男方屢屢敗訴,認(rèn)為此法條已被扭曲。
2. hath(古英語(yǔ))has。
3. slighted or overlooked 有的女士們婉拒男主管所獻(xiàn)的殷勤而被男方打入冷宮后,會(huì)產(chǎn)生對(duì)加薪與升遷絕緣的感覺(jué)。
4. not above telling outright lies 會(huì)公然說(shuō)謊。above+V-ing是不屑做……之事,V-ing是動(dòng)名詞。
A. …here’s a nice, successful woman1 who was abused by her exhusband and is having trouble with the new man in her life being honest…. But when she decides to take matters into her own hands, the moment anybody decides to be the judge, jury and executioner, you’ve really decided to go into a dark area2. It’s the age-old story that hell hath no fury like a woman scorned。
(The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, 5/5/96)
……[我演]一個(gè)事業(yè)成功的良家婦女,被前夫欺負(fù),同時(shí)也為新歡的不老實(shí)所困擾……不過(guò),當(dāng)她決定自行處理這些問(wèn)題時(shí),一旦任何人想要對(duì)付她,該角色實(shí)際上進(jìn)入了黑暗面。正如一句古諺所說(shuō):被侮辱的女人報(bào)復(fù)心重。
注:
1. woman 指41歲黑人女星Lynn Whitfield在一部A Thin Line Between Love & Hate(1996)電影中,談她扮演一個(gè)被欺負(fù)、被遺棄的婦人的故事。
2. dark area 借“黑區(qū)”喻“由良家婦女演變?yōu)閳?bào)復(fù)心重的潑婦”。
9. hell on wheels 難以應(yīng)付的,難以控制的;驚人的;有沖勁的,不罷休的
A. As the track1 moved deeper and deeper into the wilderness2,towns called“hells on wheels” sprang up practically overnight to accommodate the laborers. Usually a single main street with a general store and a string of saloons,these towns flourished for short spurts then closed down as soon as the track pushed on.
(The Transcontinental Railroad(Elish,1993)第六章)
鐵道伸入荒野內(nèi)陸,“新興市鎮(zhèn)”如雨后春筍般茁起。這些地方通常有一條街道,一家雜貨店,連串的酒吧,是為了筑路工人而興起的。鐵道鋪好后,接著如曇花一現(xiàn),人走了,樓也空了。
注:
1. track 指美國(guó)聯(lián)合太平洋鐵路公司(Union Pacific Railroad)當(dāng)年的鐵道。
2. wilderness 指荒僻待開(kāi)發(fā)的西部,當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)鐵道建筑是由東而西。
A. Some skate solo, others in packs-either way, they are hell on wheels. They should be banned from resorts, where vacationers want relaxation,not a roller derby.1
(Hotel & Motel Management,9/18/95)
溜輪冰者無(wú)論單獨(dú)的,或是成群的,都難以應(yīng)付。度假勝地應(yīng)杜絕他們,旅客想望休閑,不愿受到騷擾。
注:
1. roller derby 美國(guó)在1940至1950年代流行在橢圓形木板跑道上溜輪冰,十分喧嘩,成群的選手爭(zhēng)先恐后地來(lái)參加比賽。
A. Beginning in the sixth grade Gund1 attended Groton2, an American version of an English boarding school. He played football and hockey, rowed in the four-man crew3 and was, one classmate remembers, “hell on wheels.” He was one of those disciplinary problems,but in a good way. Why were you late for class? I was just fishing, lost track of time4. Things like that.
(Sports Illustrated, 1/12/98)
根德自小學(xué)六年級(jí)開(kāi)始就讀葛羅頓,那是一所仿照英制的寄宿學(xué)校,在那兒打橄欖球,打冰球,劃八槳賽船。一位同學(xué)回憶說(shuō),他有勁,不罷休。他紀(jì)律上是個(gè)問(wèn)題學(xué)生,不過(guò)是善意的,諸如問(wèn)他“為何上課遲到”?“我去釣魚(yú),把時(shí)間給忘了”如此而已。
注:
1. Gordon Gund 是位盲人,乃美國(guó)克里夫騎士職業(yè)籃球隊(duì)(Cleve and Cavaliers)的東家。
2. Groton 美國(guó)麻省一私立寄宿學(xué)校,美國(guó)小羅斯福總統(tǒng)(FDR)曾在此就讀。
3. four-man crew 四人隊(duì)伍,每人操兩只槳,英語(yǔ)行話(huà)叫“eightoar”。
4. lose track of time track是“痕跡、軌道、聯(lián)系”,意謂“與時(shí)間失去聯(lián)系”。
5. Things like that 就是這樣一回事??谡Z(yǔ)省去動(dòng)詞。
10. I’ll see you in hell first 誓死絕不妥協(xié)
A. …the same arrogance1 was present at Standard Oil2. Instead of giving canned quotes,3 though, Standard Oil executives were eloquent. When asked to compromise, one said, “I’ll see you in hell first.”
(PC Week,6/1/98)
……標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油公司一樣也擺過(guò)架子,不過(guò),該公司官員對(duì)外不用陳腔濫調(diào)。被問(wèn)及愿否妥協(xié)時(shí),一官員說(shuō):“誓死絕不妥協(xié)。”
注:
1. arrogance 擺架子,妄自尊大。
2. Standard Oil 即美國(guó)Exxon石油公司前身。Standard Oil Co. of Ohio于1870年由洛克菲勒(John D. Rockefeller)創(chuàng)立,隨后在他州亦設(shè) Standard Oil分公司,成立托拉斯。1911年最高法院引反托拉斯法 (Sherman Act of 1890), 判定Standard Oil有壟斷市場(chǎng)之嫌,勒令其改組(reorganize)成若干大小企業(yè)。
3. canned quotes 借“罐裝引言”喻“備好的發(fā)言”,也可作canned responses,有陳腔濫調(diào)之譏。
11. Like a bat out of hell 飛快地,火速地
A. The bank robbers drove by like a bat out of hell, with the cops chasing1 close behind.
銀行搶劫犯疾駛而過(guò),警方在后緊緊追趕。
注:
1. with the cops chasing…chasing是現(xiàn)在分詞,在介詞短語(yǔ)中做 cops的主動(dòng)性補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)意時(shí),就用過(guò)去分詞,如with two cops wounded….(有兩位警員受傷)。
12. no chance in hell, not a chance in hell 一點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)都沒(méi)有,絕不可能
A. The foot ball flew 10 feet over the receiver’s head and he had no chance in Hell of catching it.
橄欖球以十尺的差距飛過(guò)接球員的頭上,他根本沒(méi)法抓到。
A. Will Twin Peaks1 be a hit? Not a chance in hell.
(Entertainment Weekly,4/6/90)
雙峰劇會(huì)一炮而紅嗎?絕不可能。
注:
1. Twin Peaks 《雙峰》指美國(guó)黃金檔新推出的電視肥皂劇,評(píng)論家以 boring(乏味的),pretentious(造作的)等字眼譴斥之。
A. “We just played terrible,” said U-M1 head softball coach Carol Hutchins. “We’ve beaten teams this year playing poorly, and today our luck ran out2. If we commit five errors3,we don’t have a chance in hell of beating anybody.”
(State News via U-Wire, 4/15/98)
密歇根大學(xué)壘球總教練哈琴絲說(shuō):“我們表現(xiàn)得太差。今年來(lái),我們打敗一些衰隊(duì),可是今天氣數(shù)已盡,犯了五次失誤,要贏任何球隊(duì)是不可能的。”
注:
1. U-M 全名University of Michigan(密歇根州立大學(xué)),于1817年成立。
2. our luck ran out 走霉運(yùn),氣數(shù)已盡。
3. five errors 五次失誤,終敗給客隊(duì)。
13. no way in hell 根本不可能,絕對(duì)不行!
A. Most people divide the opposite sex into two categories:“In A Flash”and“No way in hell.”
(N.Y Post, 4/29-5/5/98)
多數(shù)人將異性分成“一見(jiàn)鐘情”型和“不敢領(lǐng)教”型兩類(lèi)。
A. So I decided,Who was l kidding? No Way in hell I was going to make par from there. Eight or nine maybe,but not par. So I took my bogey,and I was happy with it.—Tiger woods
(Sports Illustrated,1/2/98)
泰格·伍茲說(shuō):所以我當(dāng)時(shí)在想,我騙不了自己,打自該落點(diǎn),標(biāo)準(zhǔn)桿數(shù)是絕對(duì)得不到的,也許打個(gè)八桿九桿,可是達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)桿數(shù)不可能,終于超過(guò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)桿一桿,也就謝天謝地啦。
14. raise hell 大吵大鬧
A. “Many people thought the public would raise hell about cutting programs,” says Sharp. Instead, they are convinced that better services can be delivered for fewer dollars.
(US. News & World Report,3/9/92)
沙普說(shuō):“很多人誤以為削減福利將引起公憤”。其實(shí),他們相信,減少開(kāi)支一樣能夠提供較優(yōu)的福利。
注:
1. John Sharp 當(dāng)時(shí)任美國(guó)德克薩斯州政府會(huì)計(jì)檢察官(State Comptroller)。
15. till hell freezes over 直到永遠(yuǎn)
A. Bob Edwards,Host:Pat Buchanan1 may be far behind in the delegate count,but he remains enthusiastic about his candidacy. In a rally in Orlando,F(xiàn)lorida,last night,Buchanan electrified his supporters, promising he wasn’t about to give up.
主持人愛(ài)德華茲:布坎南的地方代表人數(shù)雖落后一大截,但他對(duì)候選人仍然熱衷。昨晚在佛羅里達(dá)州奧蘭多市一個(gè)集會(huì)上,他毫不氣餒,使得支持他的人士氣高昂。
B. Pat Buchanan,Presidential Candidate2: We’re going to fight until Hell freezes over, and then we’re going to fight on the ice.3
(National Public Radio Morning Edition transcript, 3/7/96)
總統(tǒng)候選人布坎南說(shuō):我們將一直奮戰(zhàn)到底,而且我們一定戰(zhàn)勝。
注:
1. Buchanan 布坎南,1996年美國(guó)共和黨籍總統(tǒng)候選人。
2. Host,Presidential Candidate 屬標(biāo)題英文,故字首大寫(xiě)。
3. on(the)ice 成功在望。描寫(xiě)fight狀況。
16. till hell won’t hate it 到大家受不了時(shí)
A. We1 debate till hell won’t have it the intricacies of our “exit strategy2”.
(Newsweek,11/30/98)
我們辯論“撤軍策略”的細(xì)節(jié),直到大家受不了啦。
注:
1. we,our 指美國(guó)政府。
2. exit strategy 指美軍自伊拉克周?chē)貐^(qū)的撤離策略。
Hell 當(dāng)名詞合成語(yǔ)字首,也可做形容詞或副詞合成語(yǔ)
1. hell-raiser 當(dāng)名詞合成語(yǔ)——狂徒、發(fā)酒瘋者
A. She has also,during various periods of her life,dated Elvis Presley, gone to jail as a political activist1 and belonged to the American Indian movement that occupied Alcatraz2 in the late 1960s. By her own definition, Hashi-Hanta3, now 53, was a hell-raiser in her youth,….
(L.A. Times,Ventura County Edition,5/25/96)
53歲的哈希-漢妲,她與貓王有過(guò)約會(huì),因搞政治活動(dòng)而坐牢,于1960年代晚期參與印第安人占領(lǐng)鵜鶘島運(yùn)動(dòng)。她自認(rèn)年輕時(shí)是個(gè)狂徒。
注:
1. political activist 為達(dá)到某種政治目的而示威抗議的人。
2. Alcatraz (西班牙語(yǔ):鵜鶘島),舊金山海灣之一島嶼。
3. Hashi-Hanta 是美國(guó)Choctaw部落的印第安女子。
2. hell-bent 當(dāng)形容詞短語(yǔ)——一味……到底的
A. A vengeful co-worker1 tape-records a young intern2 telling a tale of sex and perjury about a serial liar who happens to be president. This gets probed by a hellbent independent counsel3 who isn’t independent at all, but depends heavily on a group of hellbent clinton haters.
(The Arizona Republic,1/24/98)
[白宮]一位報(bào)復(fù)心重的[女]同事偷錄了年輕[女]實(shí)習(xí)生同事的電話(huà),扯到一段性丑聞及一連串偽證,此人正是(克林頓)總統(tǒng)。此事被表面上獨(dú)立,而實(shí)則依傍一群厭惡克林頓的人士,并不獨(dú)立的法律顧問(wèn)在調(diào)查中。
注:
1. vengeful co-worker 報(bào)復(fù)心重的同事。指美國(guó)總統(tǒng)緋聞案女主角萊溫斯基(Monica Lewinsky)的同事崔卜(Linda Tripp)。Lewinsky在電話(huà)上透露她與克林頓總統(tǒng)親熱之事,Tripp偷錄她的談話(huà)。
2. young intern 年輕的實(shí)習(xí)生,即Monica Lewinsky。
3. independent counsel 獨(dú)立的法律顧問(wèn),指Kenneth Starr。
A. New Orleans—For a man hell-bent about physical play1, New Orleans Saints2 head coach Mike Ditka turned downright cerebral in his thoughts about his team Sunday morning.
(New Orleans The Sun Herald Online, 4/27/98)
新奧爾良訊——新奧爾良圣徒職業(yè)橄欖球隊(duì)總教練狄特卡,一味標(biāo)榜硬碰硬打法的他,周日晨間談到他球隊(duì)時(shí),大發(fā)宏論。
注:
1. physical play 指不動(dòng)腦只蠻橫撲殺,講求硬碰硬的打法。
2. Saints 美國(guó)新奧爾良圣徒職業(yè)橄欖球隊(duì)。
A. You’re Scud, the coolest robot assassin to ever be dispensed from2 a vending machine—a coin operated killer hellbent on customer satisfaction.
(SegaSoft 公司網(wǎng)址,5/12/98)
你的名字叫“斯卡得”,是有投幣游樂(lè)器以來(lái)最酷的殺手機(jī)器人——一味使顧客滿(mǎn)足的投幣式殺手游樂(lè)器。
注:
1.此系電腦游樂(lè)軟件新產(chǎn)品介紹,Scud借伊拉克的飛彈為游樂(lè)器名。
2. be dispensed from… 得以免除……
A. As if any of us in the transportation business needed additional evidence that a significant portion of the populace is hell-bent to destroy themselves1 without regard to who they may have to carry across the river Styx2 with them, a new study3 is out on air bags.
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
新的[汽車(chē)]氣囊研究報(bào)告出爐。難道我們交通界人士還需要更多資料證明相當(dāng)多人一味罔顧自己性命,也不在乎是誰(shuí)在跟著一起死嗎?
注:
1. themselves,they 指汽車(chē)駕駛?cè)恕?/p>
2. river Styx 借希臘神話(huà)“地獄之河”喻“不顧性命駕車(chē)”之行為不但會(huì)撞死自己,而且會(huì)殃及無(wú)辜。
3. new study 維吉尼亞州立大學(xué)在研究汽車(chē)安全氣囊利用率的新報(bào)告中指出:許多人購(gòu)裝氣囊后,駕車(chē)時(shí)反而冒更大的險(xiǎn)。
A. The USDA2 and politicians seem hell-bent on destroying the alternative3 food system which we have so laboriossly built up over the last 30 years.
(In Season 季刊(1997)的網(wǎng)址)
美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部及政客們似乎一味想糟蹋我們?nèi)陙?lái)努力所建立的純食物[產(chǎn)銷(xiāo)]系統(tǒng)。
注:
1. 文中純食品運(yùn)動(dòng)(Pure Food Campaign)全國(guó)理事長(zhǎng)昆敏斯(National Director Cummins)擔(dān)心小農(nóng)產(chǎn)銷(xiāo)的有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,萬(wàn)一農(nóng)業(yè)部放寬有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的定義后,大型農(nóng)場(chǎng)會(huì)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn),將會(huì)占領(lǐng)小農(nóng)的市場(chǎng)。
2. USDA United States Department of Agriculture(美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府農(nóng)業(yè)部),1862年成立,1889年被升為內(nèi)閣部會(huì)。
3. alternative 借二中擇一喻有機(jī)食物(即天然栽培的,未施化肥的,亦未噴殺蟲(chóng)劑的食物)。
3. hell-bent 當(dāng)副詞合成語(yǔ)——一味……,立即
A. Our1 thermostat,…applies an all nothing form of control. when the temperature drops too low,the furnace comes on,hell bent, to heat up the place. When it gets too hot, the air conditioner’s unleashed, flat out2, to chill out3 the environs.
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
一般計(jì)溫表……是不開(kāi)就關(guān)型。天氣溫度下降太低時(shí),暖氣爐立即打開(kāi),室內(nèi)變得暖烘烘的,天氣溫度太高時(shí),冷氣機(jī)便會(huì)打開(kāi),四周又呈現(xiàn)涼爽起來(lái)。
注:
1. Our 指一般用的,以別于專(zhuān)用的。
2. flat out 以最快速,如drive a car flat out以最快速度駕車(chē),ran flat out toward the finish line沖向終點(diǎn),均為副詞短語(yǔ)。
3. chill out… 使……涼爽下來(lái),是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。
4. hell-bent-for-leather 當(dāng)形容詞短語(yǔ)——一味魯莽,如脫韁野馬般
A. They didn’t call Joe Theismann1 “Joe the Throw” for nothing. He could launch the football a mile2, and like any good quarterback,able to talk a mile3 when the game was over. “He had the stereotype quarterback personality,” recalled teammate Peter Martin. “He was a young,cocky, hell-bent-for-leather sort of guy.
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
以“擲球王”的綽號(hào)稱(chēng)呼泰斯曼實(shí)不為過(guò),他球一擲能飛老遠(yuǎn),球賽結(jié)束后,他與其他好的四分衛(wèi)一樣,也滔滔不絕,大放厥詞。隊(duì)友馬丁回憶說(shuō):“他的個(gè)性與一般四分衛(wèi)如出一轍,他是個(gè)年輕、自大、似脫韁野馬般的那種人。”
注:
1. Joe Theismann 自1971-1973擔(dān)任多倫多冒險(xiǎn)者職業(yè)橄欖球隊(duì)(Toronto Argonauts)的四分衛(wèi)(quarterback)。
2. launch a mile 借“發(fā)射”喻“擲球”;借“一英里”喻“老遠(yuǎn)距離”。
3. talk a mile 以“談一英里”喻“滔滔不絕”。
5. hell-bent-for-leather 當(dāng)副詞短語(yǔ)——疾速地
A. Shit,outwitted by a mere freshman1. You2 pull out onto the road,hellbent for leather and the early morning tourney.
(摘錄自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
媽的,被一個(gè)新生耍了,只好開(kāi)車(chē)上路,疾速地駛往晨間比賽。
注:
1. 文中內(nèi)容是一個(gè)高年級(jí)學(xué)生竟被一個(gè)新生所騙,說(shuō)比賽取消了。
2. You 以第二人稱(chēng)代名詞來(lái)喻自己,中文也有這種語(yǔ)法,如“門(mén)票太貴了,我只好回來(lái),誰(shuí)叫你沒(méi)有錢(qián)的”。