雙語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌翻譯|詩(shī)經(jīng)·《國(guó)風(fēng)·衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》

《國(guó)風(fēng)·衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》是周代著名文學(xué)作品《詩(shī)經(jīng)》中的詩(shī)歌。這是一首棄婦自訴婚姻悲劇的長(zhǎng)詩(shī)。詩(shī)中的女主人公以無(wú)比沉痛的口氣，回憶了戀愛(ài)生活的甜蜜，以及婚后被丈夫虐待和遺棄的痛苦。全詩(shī)六章，第一章，追敘自己由初戀而定的婚；第二章，敘述自己陷入情網(wǎng)，沖破了媒妁之言的桎梏而與氓結(jié)婚；第三章，她對(duì)一群年青貌美的天真少女，現(xiàn)身說(shuō)法地規(guī)勸她們不要沉醉于愛(ài)情，并指出男女不平等的現(xiàn)象；第四章，對(duì)氓的負(fù)心表示怨恨，她指出，這不是女人的差錯(cuò)，而是氓的反復(fù)無(wú)常；第五章，接著追敘，敘述她婚后的操勞、被虐和兄弟的譏笑而自傷不幸；第六章，敘述幼年彼此的友愛(ài)和今日的乖離，斥責(zé)氓的虛偽和欺騙，堅(jiān)決表示和氓在感情上一刀兩斷。此詩(shī)通過(guò)棄婦的自述，表達(dá)了她悔恨的心情與決絕的態(tài)度，深刻地反映了古代社會(huì)婦女在戀愛(ài)婚姻問(wèn)題上倍受壓迫和摧殘的情況。

《詩(shī)經(jīng)--國(guó)風(fēng)·衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》

氓之蚩蚩，抱布貿(mào)絲。
匪來(lái)貿(mào)絲，來(lái)即我謀。
送子涉淇，至于頓丘。
匪我愆期，子無(wú)良媒。
將子無(wú)怒，秋以為期。
　　
乘彼垝垣，以望復(fù)關(guān)。
不見(jiàn)復(fù)關(guān)，泣涕漣漣。
既見(jiàn)復(fù)關(guān)，載笑載言。
爾卜爾筮，體無(wú)咎言。
以爾車來(lái)，以我賄遷。

桑之未落，其葉沃若。
于嗟鳩兮，無(wú)食桑葚！
于嗟女兮，無(wú)與士耽！
士之耽兮，猶可說(shuō)也；
女之耽兮，不可說(shuō)也。
　　
桑之落矣，其黃而隕。
自我徂爾，三歲食貧。
淇水湯湯，漸車帷裳。
女也不爽，士貳其行。
士也罔極，二三其德！
　　
三歲為婦，靡室勞矣。
夙興夜寐，靡有朝矣！
言既遂矣，至于暴矣。
兄弟不知，咥其笑矣。
靜言思之，躬自悼矣！
　　
及爾偕老，老使我怨。
淇則有岸，隰則有泮。
總角之宴，言笑晏晏。
信誓旦旦，不思其反。
反是不思，亦已焉哉！

A Simple Fellow

A simple fellow, all smiles,
Brought cloth to exchange for thread,
Not in truth to buy thread
But to arrange about me.
I saw you across the Qi
As far as Dunqiu;
It was not I who wanted to put it off,
But you did not have a proper matchmaker.
I begged you not to be angry
And fixed autumn as the time.

I climbed the city wall
To watch for your return to the pass;
And when you did not come
My tears fell in floods;
Then I saw you come,
And how gaily I laughed and talked!
You consulted tortoise-shell and milfoil, (1)
And they showed nothing unlucky;
You came with your cart
And took me off with my dowry.

Before the mulberry sheds its leaves,
How green and fresh they are!
Ah, turtle-dove,
Do not eat the mulberries!
Ah, girls,
Do not take your pleasure with men!
A man can take pleasure
And get away with it,
But a girl
Will never get away with it.

The mulberry sheds its leaves
Yellow and sere;
After going to you
Three years I supped on poverty.
Deep are the waters of the Qi;
They wet the curtains as the carriage crossed,
I did no wrong,
You were the one to blame;
It was you who were faithless
And changed.

Three years I was your wife,
Never idle in your house,
Rising early and retiring late
Day after day.
All went smoothly
Till you turned rough;
And my brothers, not knowing,
Laughed and joked with me as before.
Alone, thinking over my fate,
I could only lament.

I had hoped to grow old with you,
Now the thought of old age grieves my heart.
The Qi has its shores,
The Shi its banks;
How happy we were, our hair in tufts, (2)
How fondly we talked and laughed,
How solemnly we swore to be true!
I must think no more of the past;
The past is done with —
Better let it end like this!


(1)Used for divination
(2)Young people, before coming of age, tied their hair in two tufts.