2011年6月英語四級(jí)答案及解析

四級(jí)作文
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四級(jí)聽力

Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11.
M: Shawn's been trying for months to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.
W: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself every other day at least and put on something clean.
Q: What do we learn about Shawn?

答案：A. He is careless about his appearance.
解析：男生首先對(duì)肖恩能否找到工作表示懷疑，因?yàn)樗邋?。女生接著提到肖恩不修邊幅，又說他應(yīng)該每隔一天刮一次胡子，把自己弄得整潔干凈一點(diǎn)。由此可知，肖恩是一個(gè)對(duì)儀容儀表不太注重，比較粗線條的人shave，刮胡子；be careless about不在乎，不介意；

12.
W: I wish Jane would call when she know she'll be late. This is not the first time we've had to wait for her.
M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.
Q: What does the man imply?

答案：A. Jane maybe caught in a traffic jam.
解析：本題是推理題，在做題時(shí)要注意仔細(xì)推敲。女生說：“Jane已經(jīng)不是第一次遲到讓我們等了，我希望她能事先打電話告訴我們一下”，可見女生對(duì)Jane遲到的作法是不滿的。
男生又說：“I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.”（我同意。但是她到這里的確要遭受很擁堵的交通。）由此得出，男生對(duì)此事的態(tài)度是理解或?qū)捜莸?。Jane可能被堵在半路了。

13.
M: Congratulations! I heard your baseball team is going to the Middle Atlantic Championship.
W: Yeah, we're all working real hard right now!
Q: What is the woman's team doing?

答案：A. Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championship.
解析：對(duì)話開頭男生提到女生所在的棒球隊(duì)要參加Mid-Atlantic Championship.女生說：“we're all working real hard right now!”（我們現(xiàn)在正緊鑼密鼓地練習(xí)呢?。┯纱丝芍诘陌羟蜿?duì)正在進(jìn)行賽前訓(xùn)練。
此題還有一個(gè)迷惑選項(xiàng)B, Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip,必須注意的是：這里并不是準(zhǔn)備旅行，而是準(zhǔn)備參賽。

14.
W: John's been looking after his mother in the hospital. She was injured in a car accident two weeks ago and still in critical condition.
M: Oh, that's terrible. And you know his father passed away last year.
Q: What do we learn about John?

答案：D. He has been having a hard time.
解析：根據(jù)聽力原文可知，“John's mother is in the hospital and his father died last year.”（約翰的母親出車禍住院了，父親兩年前也過世了）由此可見，John的近況還是蠻悲慘的；答案也就顯而易見了。

15.
M: What a boring speaker! I can hardly stay awake.
W: Well, I don't know. In fact, I think it's been a long time since I've heard anyone is good.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

答案：D The woman thinks highly of the speaker

解析：根據(jù)聽力原文可知，男生覺得演講無趣，女生卻很淡定地說：“其實(shí)我已經(jīng)很久沒有聽到那么好的發(fā)言了”。由此可見，女生對(duì)發(fā)言還是很肯定的。選項(xiàng)D中“thinks highly of”即“對(duì)…評(píng)價(jià)高”，故D是正確答案。

16.
W: I'm having a lot of trouble with logic and it seems my professor can't explain it in a way that makes sense to me.
M: You know, there is a tutoring service on campus. I was about to drop statistics before they helped me out.
Q: What does the man mean?

答案：C. The woman should seek help from tutoring services.
解析：首先女生說她邏輯學(xué)得很辛苦，接受不了老師的講課方式也理解不了課程內(nèi)容。
而后男生說學(xué)校有輔導(dǎo)班，他在參加之前幾乎要掛科了，輔導(dǎo)班幫了他大忙。言下之意是推薦女生也去上輔導(dǎo)班。

17.
M: This is a stylish overcoat. I saw you wearing it last week, did't I?
W: Oh, that wasn't me. That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.
Q: What does the woman mean?

答案：C. Jill wore the overcoat last week.
解析：首先男生問女生上周是否穿過拉風(fēng)外套，然后女生說：“ That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.”（那是我姐姐Jill，她和你同班）也就是說男生很有可能看到的那個(gè)穿著拉風(fēng)外套的人是女生的姐姐Jill。

18.
M: Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do?
W: Well, I guess I'd sell my watch or computer or do some odd jobs till I could afford a return plane ticket.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?

答案：B. An imaginary situation.
解析：根據(jù)原文錄音可知，對(duì)話開頭男生講到：“Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do? ”這里的"suppose"表明“假定、料想”由此可見，兩人談?wù)摰氖且粋€(gè)虛擬場(chǎng)景。

Conversation One

聽力原文
M: Hello, professor Johnson.
W: Hello, Tony. So what shall we work on today?
M: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn't coming out right. What I thought I was writing on was to talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in,
W: What sport did you choose?
M: I decided to write about cross-country skiing.
W: What are you going to say about skiing?
M: That's the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country.
W: So why is that a problem?
M: As I start describing how quiet it is to be out in the woods. I keep mentioning how much effort it takes to keep going. Cross-country skiing isn't as easy as some people think. It takes a lot of energy, but that's not part of my paper. So I guess I should leave it out. But now I don't know how to explain that feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. It all fits together. It's not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds roll by. That's different.
W: Then you'll have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross-country skiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out? Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right?
M: Yeah, I guess so.

Q19: What is the topic of the man's writing assignment?
C) Pain and pleasure in sports
Q20: What problem does the man have while working on his paper?
D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.
Q21: What does the woman say is common in writing papers?
A) New ideas come up as you write.

19. D) A sport he participates in
解析：題目問的是，男生論文的主題是什么，從talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in一句中，可得對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D。C選項(xiàng)是一個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)，pain and pleasure in sports, 意為運(yùn)動(dòng)中的痛苦與快樂，其中sports一詞范圍太大，對(duì)話中只談到了cross-country skiing, 因此，C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。
20. D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.
解析：當(dāng)男生打算將越野滑雪的艱辛剔除出論文時(shí)，教授說了一句“Then you'll have to include that in your point.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D
21. A) New ideas come up as you write.
解析：在對(duì)話的最后，教授提到“Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right?”這句話意思是說，在寫論文之前，論點(diǎn)的一部分我們已經(jīng)有了，但另一部分在寫的過程中才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A。A選項(xiàng)與D選項(xiàng)較易混淆，但從教授的話中，我們可以看出，不是論點(diǎn)發(fā)生變化，而是在寫作過程中，會(huì)有新的想法產(chǎn)生。

這篇長對(duì)話因?yàn)槭菄@論文寫作展開，而且涉及了一項(xiàng)我們中國人并不熟悉的運(yùn)動(dòng)，越野滑雪，因此，乍聽之下，有些小抽象，小陌生。但細(xì)聽之后，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，文中有一大段都提到了男生在寫作中遇到的糾結(jié)處，那就是越野滑雪的暢快和由此所付出的艱辛，文章的主旨自然呼之欲出了。
這篇對(duì)話主要考察對(duì)文章大意的理解，而不是糾結(jié)于一詞一句的得失，因此，大家在做題時(shí)，也要注意把握主干，不要因?yàn)槁牭搅艘粋€(gè)自己不太熟悉的運(yùn)動(dòng)就舍本逐末。

Conversation Two

W: Good evening and welcome to this week's Business World.
It program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.Tell us Mr. Angeleno, how did you get started?
M: Well I started off with a small diner. I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. It was really too much work for two people. My cooking is great. And word got around town about the food. Within a year, I had to hire another cook and four waitresses. When that restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. Now with three places my main concern is keeping the business successful and running smoothly.
W: Do you advertise?
M: Oh yes. I don't have any TV commercials, because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. My children used to distribute ads. in nearby shopping centres, but we don't need to do that anymore.
W: Why do you believe you've been so successful?
M: Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back.
W: So you always aim to please the customers?
M: Absolutely!Without them I would have no business at all.
W: Thank you Mr.Angeleno.I think your advice will be helpfull to those just staring out in business.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22 What is the woman's occupation
D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”
23 what do we learn about Mr.Angeleno's business at its beginning
B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.
24 what does Mr. Angeleno say about advertising his business.
B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.
25 What does the man say contribute to his success?
B) The restaurant atmosphere

22. D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”
解析：從對(duì)話中可以聽出，這是一個(gè)訪談節(jié)目，因此這個(gè)女性是節(jié)目主持人。
23. B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.
解析：題目問的是，剛開始的時(shí)候，Angeleno的生意怎么樣？對(duì)話中提到，I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. Angeleno負(fù)責(zé)做菜，他妻子負(fù)責(zé)接待，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B。
24. B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.
解析：從But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. 一句中，可以得到對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)。
25. B) The restaurant atomsphere
解析：題目問的是，什么有助于餐廳的成功？對(duì)話中提到，I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back. 可見，Angeleno會(huì)提供盡可能新鮮的食物和舒適的用餐環(huán)境以吸引顧客，因此，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B，也許，有童鞋會(huì)問，為什么不選C？注意，C選項(xiàng)是指各種各樣的食物，與文意中“新鮮的食物”不符，是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
這篇對(duì)話是一篇較為簡單的訪談節(jié)目，主要涉及一些細(xì)節(jié)問題，其中，關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)包括餐館經(jīng)營情況，廣告宣傳情況等，也是考點(diǎn)所在。童鞋們?cè)诼爼r(shí)，可以相應(yīng)地做些簡單的筆記，從而準(zhǔn)確地選出選項(xiàng)。

Section B

Passage One

There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes.
We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.
Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibres that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible.

篇章類型及提要：論證文

聽力點(diǎn)睛：
本文主要介紹關(guān)于糾正一些對(duì)眼鏡及視力的常識(shí)的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí)。注意文章首句"There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts." 通常這種文章首句就是主旨句。這是做聽力短文題必須要高度關(guān)注的。接下去可以推測(cè)下面內(nèi)容必然圍繞主題句展開，通過舉例等來論證作者要表明的觀點(diǎn)。所以聽的時(shí)候也要高度專注那些關(guān)鍵詞句，如for instance, however, but, evidence, although, Studies show that...這些關(guān)鍵詞句后面的內(nèi)容是聽力常考的地方。最后文章給出一個(gè)總結(jié)句呼吁人們破除固有的一些認(rèn)識(shí)，去更多了解我們的眼睛，頭尾呼應(yīng)。

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight?
答案：C）There are many false notions about it.
解析：從"eyesight" 可以把答案定位于第一段，關(guān)鍵詞有"weakens the eyes" "loss of vision". 注意題目中是問speaker要告訴我們的，所以不要被some people believe...誤導(dǎo)，看清題目要問什么很重要。容易混淆的是A選項(xiàng)，文中提到如果孩子戴不合適的眼鏡會(huì)使孩子的視力減弱，但并沒有提到孩子經(jīng)常忽視保護(hù)視力。B、D選項(xiàng)文中沒有提及，可以排除。

27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show?
答案：C）It can lead to the loss of vision in children.
解析：本題關(guān)鍵詞是"studies" "wearing the wrong glasses". 文章中作者很明顯地給出了"Studies show that for adults..." 因此了解這個(gè)后面的內(nèi)容，做出本題難度不大。文中說到 "for adults there is no danger" ，因此排除B選項(xiàng)。"there is no evidence... the structure of eyes is changed" "it does not permanently damage eyesight"可以排除D選項(xiàng)，注意如果漏聽了no，很可能就會(huì)選錯(cuò)。A選項(xiàng)前文沒有提及，可以排除。

28.What do we learn about eye transplanting from the talk?
答案：D）It can only be partly accomplished now.
解析：本題關(guān)鍵詞"eye transplanting"，迅速定位于聽力后面部分。A、B、C選項(xiàng)文中沒有提及，排除。文章最后部分"Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced" "Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced"可以推斷出答案是D選項(xiàng)。

Passage Two

When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents?
答案：D）They have jobs and other commitments.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。本題詢問原因，文章開頭很快就給出了本題答案"because they often have jobs and other responsibilities." 注意D選項(xiàng)中的commitments的意思是 “承諾，保證；承擔(dān)義務(wù)”和responsibilities意思相近。這也是四級(jí)考試中常見的選項(xiàng)設(shè)置，用同義詞或近義詞替換掉文中的詞匯。這要求考試在備考時(shí)，重點(diǎn)詞匯及其同義詞反義詞都要有所了解。其他選項(xiàng)文中沒有提及，可排除。

30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes?
答案：A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。關(guān)鍵詞"wives"" husbands"。本題不難，文章中已經(jīng)直接給出答案" in order not to use up their life savings"。
31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do?

31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do?
答案：C）Be frank and seek help from others.
解析：關(guān)鍵詞"caregivers""learn to do"，問看護(hù)人應(yīng)該要學(xué)會(huì)做的事情，然后迅速定位于最后部分，"One consideration is to ask..."，"Caregivers must also learn to state..." 主要有兩件事情，C選項(xiàng)是其中一個(gè)，另外一個(gè)選項(xiàng)中沒有，排除A、B和D選項(xiàng)。

Passage Three

Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it's dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it's exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I've heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.

Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32 What does the talk focus on?
A) Health and safety conditions in workplace.
解析：主旨題。本題簡單，了解了文章主要內(nèi)容后，就可以直接選出答案。注意不要被文章中員工們得對(duì)工作環(huán)境的complaints影響而混淆了。

33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do?
Replace its out-dated equipments.
答案：A）Replace its out-dated equipments.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。作者有直接讀出答案，比較簡單。

34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint?
A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.
答案：A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。作者有直接讀出答案，比較簡單。注意選B選項(xiàng)的同學(xué)可能犯了想當(dāng)然的錯(cuò)誤。做題還是要按照文章的事實(shí)根據(jù)來。

35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work?
C) To protest against the poor working conditions.
答案：C）To protest against the poor working conditions.
解析：推理題。本題容易誤選D選項(xiàng)。因?yàn)槭莌eating system出了故障。但通過下文"too embarrassed""had the heating system replaced right away" 從老板的反應(yīng)及采取的措施可以推斷出，員工們穿滑雪服地原因其實(shí)為對(duì)差的工作環(huán)境向老板提出抗議。

Section C Compound Dictation

Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts（宇航員） some day may survive so long in space that they would return to an earth of the distant future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still, if you could move faster than light, your time would move backward.

Although no form of matter yet discovered, moves as fast as or faster than light, scientific experiments has already confirmed that accelerated motion causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he introduced the concept of relative time as part of his special theory of relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past. An obsession with time - saving, gaining, wasting, losing and mastering it - seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. Thus time and time's relativity are measurable by any hour glass, alarm clock, or atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

本文提要：
本篇屬于科技類文章，主要圍繞時(shí)間和運(yùn)動(dòng)的關(guān)系展開；用諺語開篇引出全文，很有吸引力。中間引用愛因斯坦的相對(duì)論相關(guān)概念，具體闡述主題。

答案：

36. survive
解析：文章描述：運(yùn)動(dòng)越快，時(shí)間變慢得也更快，這也就意味著宇航員有朝一日可以在太空中生存（survive）很久，如此一來他們就可以在遙遠(yuǎn)（distant）的未來重返地球。

37. distant
解析：這個(gè)空在future 前面，所以預(yù)判該填形容詞常用搭配無非near，close， distant等 ，根據(jù)聽力原文，如上所述，確定是遙遠(yuǎn)的未來；填distant。

38. backward
解析：速度達(dá)到光速，時(shí)間靜止；根據(jù)常識(shí)推斷，若速度快于光速，那么時(shí)間將后退，即move backward，根據(jù)聽力原文可確定這一推斷。

39. discovered
解析：空缺部分作后置定語，從音頻可知是發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)，用其過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。

40. scientific
解析：該空后接名詞，應(yīng)為形容詞，scientific。

41. motion
解析：
原文描述，實(shí)驗(yàn)已證明運(yùn)動(dòng)加快會(huì)使宇航員的時(shí)間延長。這里的運(yùn)動(dòng)為motion。

42. predicted
解析：愛因斯坦在1905年時(shí)作出預(yù)測(cè)，用過去時(shí)predicted。

43. introduced
解析：這是愛因斯坦提出的一個(gè)相對(duì)時(shí)間的概念，用過去時(shí)introduced。

44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past.
解析：當(dāng)下進(jìn)行的研究旨在證實(shí)，是否有這樣的物質(zhì)，即能以超光速運(yùn)行，并可以作為我們回歸過去的“通行證”。填句只需意思相近就可以，關(guān)鍵抓住核心：超光速運(yùn)行，可幫助人類回到過去。

45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed.
解析：人類對(duì)時(shí)間的節(jié)約，獲取，浪費(fèi)以及流失等的著迷，自人類誕生以來就一直是其生活的一部分。核心：人類誕生以來就一直存在的，如影隨形的。

46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock.
解析：人類也對(duì)時(shí)間的含義非常著迷，愛因斯坦就曾提出一個(gè)試驗(yàn)性的定義，這個(gè)定義下的時(shí)間可以用鐘表來測(cè)量。核心意思：試驗(yàn)性的定義，可以用鐘表來測(cè)量。

解題密鑰：
聽類似文章時(shí)首先要注意把握邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，也即聽第一遍聽時(shí)把握大意，先不要急于填寫所有空缺，重點(diǎn)是要縷清思路，聽懂文章在說什么，記錄關(guān)鍵信息詞；有了對(duì)文章整體的把握后，第二遍聽時(shí)就容易許多，這時(shí)就可以把空缺進(jìn)量補(bǔ)齊，注意填句部分不一定非得按原文填寫，只要意思相近就行；第三遍是最后一遍，此時(shí)要邊聽邊檢查已填寫空缺，另外也可補(bǔ)填遺漏。

聽力音頻結(jié)束后，可對(duì)所填詞匯進(jìn)行檢查，此時(shí)主要根據(jù)語法知識(shí)保證詞形，詞性準(zhǔn)確無誤；另外也可重新組織語句，完善填句部分。