托福獨(dú)立寫作開頭段如何寫的出彩?

　　1、開門見山

　　題目：

　　Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies, but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.

　　模板：

　　Contrary to the statement’s premise, my view is that businesses are less likely than government to establish large bureaucracies, because businesses know that they are more vulnerable than government to damage resulting from bureaucratic inefficiencies. My position is well supported by common sense and by observation.

　　點(diǎn)評：

　　開門見山式的開頭段寫法其實(shí)是比較標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一種寫法，因?yàn)橥懈５莫?dú)立寫作從題目要求來說本質(zhì)上就是一篇議論文，而且還是立論文，需要考生自己提出觀點(diǎn)然后論述證明。那么在開頭段就直接鮮明地亮出觀點(diǎn)無疑是很合理的寫法，對考官來說也能第一時(shí)間就看到你的觀點(diǎn)，可以說是對讀者比較友好的一種寫法。比如上面的這個(gè)模板，就是第一句話直接寫出了自己對題目的反對立場，并且最后給出了引出下面正式論述的引導(dǎo)句。這種開頭段寫法雖然不玩花樣看似有點(diǎn)平淡甚至BORING，但對于不要求太多文筆更看重論述邏輯的議論文來說確實(shí)是比較高效的寫法，也很適合新手考生進(jìn)行模仿學(xué)習(xí)。

　　2、引用諺語名言

　　題目：

　　“As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.

　　模板：

　　As a saying goes, “God helps those help themselves”, which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned, I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.

　　點(diǎn)評：

　　這種寫法就比較有創(chuàng)意了，當(dāng)然大家在寫中文作文時(shí)肯定也用過，就是開頭就先引用個(gè)名人名言壓一下場面，比如某某曾經(jīng)說過。。。這樣的寫法。這種寫法對考生的英語積累有一定要求，引用的諺語或者名言既要符合題目場景切題，考生也需要完整記住這句名言而不能自行修改甚至憑空捏造，無論是強(qiáng)行湊名言還是偽造的做法都只會(huì)讓結(jié)果適得其反。當(dāng)然這種寫法能夠一定程度上展現(xiàn)出考生的英語素養(yǎng)和積累，可以說是一種比較炫技的寫法，大家如果在英語的言語名言方面有不錯(cuò)的積累可以考慮一下這種寫法。

　　3、先復(fù)述再引出觀點(diǎn)

　　題目：

　　"We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”

　　模板：

　　I believe this statement should be interpreted broadly—to mean that we are influenced by the exterior shape of buildings, as well as by the arrangement of multiple buildings and by a building’s various architectural and aesthetic elements. While I doubt that buildings determine our character or basic personality traits, I agree that they can greatly influence our attitudes, moods, and even life styles.

　　點(diǎn)評：

　　這種寫法比起直接開門見山亮觀點(diǎn)的寫法來說可能更加穩(wěn)妥一些，畢竟先簡單復(fù)述題目再表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)是托福官方指南OG中比較推薦的開頭寫法。而且無論考生對題目觀點(diǎn)是否贊同，對題目復(fù)述之后進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)淖尣皆倭脸鲇^點(diǎn)也是一種比較委婉的表述方式。當(dāng)然這種寫法需要注意不能引用太多原題，而且不能照搬需要用自己的話來適當(dāng)改動(dòng)一下。這其中的度大家需要把握好，否則反而會(huì)引起一些不必要的扣分。

　　4、自問自答表明立場

　　題目：

　　"As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.”

　　模板：

　　As technology and changing social needs render more and more jobs obsolete, who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjust? While individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work, both industry and government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.

　　點(diǎn)評：

　　自問自答式的開頭段寫法在托福考試官方給出的范文類資料中是比較少見的。這種設(shè)問寫法的作用也很明顯，通過匯總其實(shí)也就是變相復(fù)述一下原題目，對其中比較尖銳的矛盾問題直接以提問的形式來引出之后自己的看法。這種寫法其實(shí)是比較挑題目的，如果作文原題是那種有明顯對立互斥觀點(diǎn)，或者要求考生二選一的題目，那么用這種寫法就比較適合了。而對于一些只要求考生給出自己的觀點(diǎn)比較平淡一些的題目，這種寫法可能就會(huì)給人強(qiáng)行挑事的感覺了。因此大家學(xué)習(xí)這種開頭模板寫法需要注意根據(jù)題目來選擇使用。