英語六級攻克閱讀關(guān)鍵句312. There were various views about what const

312. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man.

譯文　雖然關(guān)于人的本質(zhì)構(gòu)成有眾多觀點，但是大家都認(rèn)同這種本質(zhì)是存在的，也就是說，人之所以成為人，正是由于某種本質(zhì)。

點睛　本句是個并列復(fù)合句，主干是There were...views..., but there was agreement...。其中，what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句what constitutes it充當(dāng)介詞about的賓語；that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句that such an essence exists對agreement進(jìn)行了解釋；破折號后的內(nèi)容也是對agreement進(jìn)行補充說明；that is to say為插入語；by virtue of which man is man 是something的定語從句，先行詞something在從句中作賓語。

constitute意為“構(gòu)成，組成”。如：

Nuclear waste constitutes a serious danger. 核垃圾構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重的威脅。

essence意為“本質(zhì)，實質(zhì)”。如：

He was the essence of gentility. 他出身高貴。

by virtue of意為“因，靠，由于，借助于”。如：

These people exercise power by virtue of their wealth. 這些人憑借財富而行使權(quán)力。

考點歸納　插入語即句子中間插入的一部分，不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，也不和句子成分發(fā)生結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系，同時既不起連接作用，也不表示語氣，刪掉后并不影響句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。以下是幾類常見的插入語。

用簡短的句子結(jié)構(gòu)作插入語，常見的有：I think、I hope、I guess、I believe、I suppose、I wonder、I tell you、I say、I'm afraid、I'm sure、you see、you know、as you know、that is、that is to say、what's more等等，可以置于句中或句尾。如：This diet, I think, will do good to your health. 這類飲食，我感覺會有益于你的健康。

It won't be raining long, I hope. 希望雨不要下太久。

副詞或副詞短語用作插入語，一般放在句首或句尾。如：

Happily for him, his stepmother was kind to him. 值得為他高興的是，他的繼母對他很好。

You'll be able to pass the coming exam, surely. 你能通過即將到來的考試，一定會的。

介詞或介詞短語作插入語，一般放在句首，有時也可放在句中。如：

By the way, Bob sends his best wishes. 順便說一句，鮑勃送上他最誠摯的祝福。

This novel, in some point, is not so attractive. 這本小說從某種程度上來說，并不是很吸引人。

分詞短語作插入語。如：

Generally speaking, boys run faster. 通常說來，男孩子跑得更快。

不定式短語作插入語。如：

To conclude, it was a great success. 總結(jié)起來，這是巨大的成功。

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