2. When it is short of water,a plant _______________(一般用蒸發(fā)作為降溫的手段).
3. He has never mixed with them or _____________(同他們坦城交流),but has demanded and generally received a respect due to his position and superior intelligence.
4.Your Math instructor would have been happy ________________(給你一次補考機會的)had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
5. ________________(隨著孩子們在經(jīng)濟上獨立出來)of the family,the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.
答案與解析:
1. If machines really thought as men do
如果機器真的能像人一樣會思考的話,那么就沒有理由害怕它們,如同沒有理由害怕人類一樣。本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。如果所述與現(xiàn)在事實相反,那么虛擬條件句的從句謂語部分用過去時態(tài),主句謂語部分用would/could/might/should+動詞原型。如果所述與過去事實相反,則從句謂語用過去完成時態(tài),主句謂語用would/could/might/should+動詞現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。如果所述與將來事實相反,則從句謂語用 should/were to+動詞原型,主句謂語用would/could/should/might+動詞原型。
2. normally uses evaporation as a means of cooling
本題考查考生的詞匯量。"蒸發(fā)"和"降溫"可以分別用evaporation,cooling。cool本來是形容詞"涼爽的,酷的,好的",作為動詞可以表示降溫。本句可譯為:在缺乏水分時,植物一般用蒸發(fā)作為降溫的手段。
3. spoken to them on equal terms
本題在理解上有一定難度,首先要看懂全句意思:他從來沒有同它們親密來往,或是同它們坦誠交流,但由于他的地位和高人一籌的聰明才智,他要求、也通常贏得了他們的尊敬。"同他們坦誠交流"的"坦誠"英語里沒有一個對應詞,只有用短語來表示。on equal terms是一個習慣用語,表示"平等相處"。另外,句子需填入部分還要注意前后時態(tài)一致。前半句用的是He has never...而...or...暗示前后是并列結(jié)構(gòu),所以"交流"也應用完成時態(tài)。
4. to give you a make-up examination
本題是一個虛擬語氣句,had you gone and explained...是由于省略了標記詞if而部分倒裝。"補考"在英文里有固定搭配make-up examination。make up表示彌補、整理、和解、不足等。make-up暗含"補救"的意思。而這句話沒有必要譯成to give you a chance of make-up examination,因為這樣在語義上就犯了重復的錯誤。這句話完整的意思是:如果你去向他解釋你父母那時生病了,你的數(shù)學老師會樂于給你一次補考機會的。
5. As the children become financially independent
考查的是"隨著......"狀語從句,英語可以用as引導。另一個考點是漢語動詞詞性向英語形容詞詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換。全句意為:隨著孩子們在經(jīng)濟上從家庭中獨立出來,家庭經(jīng)濟保障的重心將從保護轉(zhuǎn)移到為退休后的生活儲蓄。