英語四級(jí)翻譯每日一練 381

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孔子
孔子(Confucius)是我國古代著名的思想家、教育家，儒家學(xué)派(Confucian School)的創(chuàng)始人。相傳孔子有弟子三千，賢弟子72人，孔子曾帶領(lǐng)部分弟子周游列國14年。在中國五千年的歷史上，對(duì)華夏民族的性格、氣質(zhì) (temperament)產(chǎn)生最大影響的人就算是孔子了。他正直、樂觀向上、積極進(jìn)取。他一生都在追求真、善、美，一生都在追求理想的社會(huì)。他品格中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，幾千年來影響著中國人，特別是影響著中國的知識(shí)分子。

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Confucius
Confucius is a famous ideologist, educator, and the founder of Confucian School in ancient China. It's said he has 3,000 disciples, 72 out of whom are excellent ones, and he has led some disciples to visit various states for 14 years. During 5,000 years' history of China, it's Confucius who has exerted the greatest impact on Chinese nation's characteristic and temperament. He is upright, optimistic, active and enterprising, striving for truthfulness, kindness and beauty, and seeking for an ideal society all his life. The shining points in his characteristics have been influencing the Chinese people, especially the Chinese intellectuals for thousands of years.

1.創(chuàng)始人:說思想、學(xué)派的創(chuàng)始人或奠基者，可以founder、creator或 originator來表達(dá)。
2.弟子:譯為disciple,當(dāng)時(shí)的弟子多指門徒，而非當(dāng)今的學(xué)生。
3.周游列國:可譯為visit various states 或者travel around various states。 孔子生于春秋時(shí)期，那時(shí)的國家跟現(xiàn)在國家的概念是不一樣的，那時(shí)的國家更適合譯作state，而不是country,如“戰(zhàn)國”應(yīng)譯作Warring States。
4.積極進(jìn)取:可譯為active and enterprising,其中active意為“積極的”，enterprising意為“有進(jìn)取心的”。
5.真、善、美:應(yīng)譯為truthfulness, kindness, beauty。
6.追求:文中兩處用到“追求”，可以分別翻譯為striving for和seeking for,以增加用詞的變化，彰顯語言功底。